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利用Quartz來實現(xiàn)對任務(wù)的調(diào)度已經(jīng)被廣泛地應(yīng)用了，一個利用Quartz來進行任務(wù)調(diào)度的典型配置如下：

<bean id="testTask" class="com.alisoft.xx.TestTask" />
<bean id="xxJobDetail"
class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="concurrent">
<value>false</value>
</property>
<property name="targetObject">
<ref bean="testTask"/>
</property>
<property name="targetMethod">
<value>execute</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="xxTriggerBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean">
<property name="jobDetail">
<ref bean="xxJobDetail"/>
</property>
<property name="startDelay">
<value>1000</value>
</property>
<property name="repeatInterval">
<value>60000</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref local="xxTriggerBean"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

若有多個任務(wù)需要調(diào)度，則配置多個JobDetail、Trigger即可，待執(zhí)行的Task bean沒有啥任何要求，不需要extends任何class、或者implements任何interface，只是被執(zhí)行的method需要是無參數(shù)的；

但是在我們現(xiàn)實項目中，僅僅完成這樣的功能是還不夠的，我們還需要爭取完成以下幾點：

對所有的Task實現(xiàn)執(zhí)行開始、結(jié)束時間的記錄；
對每天的Task執(zhí)行結(jié)果持久化、或者通過email、旺旺消息等方式告知相關(guān)owner；
當我們有多臺Task服務(wù)器時，如何保證每個任務(wù)只在一臺服務(wù)器上執(zhí)行；

針對以上幾個問題，我們也都有很簡單、直接的辦法可以搞定，比如說1、2兩點可以直接在每個任務(wù)中各自編碼完成，但是這樣不僅每個task都要寫非常類似的重復(fù)代碼、而且不能保證每個任務(wù)的執(zhí)行情況都被記錄，因為某些task的編碼人員就不會在意這些非功能性需求；對于第3點，我們也可以通過配置來完成向不同task服務(wù)器部署不一樣的發(fā)布包來完成，但這給發(fā)布帶來了麻煩，這意味著有多少臺task服務(wù)器，就需要通過修改配置重新打包并發(fā)布多少次；

其實我們可以利用Spring默認提供的AOP來非常優(yōu)雅的解決這幾個問題：擴展MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean來實現(xiàn)對任務(wù)調(diào)度時的攔截！其關(guān)鍵代碼為MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean.MethodInvokingJob.executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context);這個method中；

具體步驟如下：

新增所有Task都需要實現(xiàn)的interface，可參考如下代碼：
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1. public interface TaskHandler {
2. /**
3. * 任務(wù)調(diào)度執(zhí)行需要實現(xiàn)的method
4. */
5. TaskResult execute();
6. }
public interface TaskHandler { /** * 任務(wù)調(diào)度執(zhí)行需要實現(xiàn)的method */ TaskResult execute(); }
基于MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean實現(xiàn)自定義的JobDetailFactoryBean，在具體執(zhí)行待調(diào)度任務(wù)的method前后加入公用邏輯，比如記錄開始、結(jié)束日期、判斷該task是否由該臺服務(wù)器執(zhí)行、任務(wù)執(zhí)行完成之后將運行結(jié)果進行持久化或者發(fā)email等給相關(guān)owner；可參考如下代碼：
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1. public class AppsMethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean extends
2. MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean {
3. protected static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AppsMethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean.class);
5. /* (non-Javadoc)
6. * @see org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean#afterPropertiesSet()
7. */
8. @Override
9. public void afterPropertiesSet() throws ClassNotFoundException,
10. NoSuchMethodException {
11. super.afterPropertiesSet();
13. logger.info("origin jobClass : " + ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).getJobClass().getName());
14. // Consider the concurrent flag to choose between stateful and stateless job.
15. if(MethodInvokingJob.class.getName().equals(((JobDetail)super.getObject()).getJobClass().getName())) {
16. ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).setJobClass(AppsMethodInvokingJob.class);
17. } else {
18. ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).setJobClass(AppsStatefulMethodInvokingJob.class);
19. }
20. logger.info("new jobClass : " + ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).getJobClass().getName());
21. }
23. public static class AppsMethodInvokingJob extends MethodInvokingJob {
24. protected static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AppsMethodInvokingJob.class);
25. private MethodInvoker methodInvoker;
26. private String errorMessage;
28. /**
29. * Set the MethodInvoker to use.
30. */
31. public void setMethodInvoker(MethodInvoker methodInvoker) {
32. this.methodInvoker = methodInvoker;
33. this.errorMessage = "Could not invoke method '" + this.methodInvoker.getTargetMethod() +
34. "' on target object [" + this.methodInvoker.getTargetObject() + "]";
35. }
37. /**
38. * Invoke the method via the MethodInvoker.
39. */
40. protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
41. Date startDate = new Date();
42. String taskName = methodInvoker.getTargetClass().getName();
43. TaskResult taskResult;
44. try {
45. if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
46. logger.info(taskName + " job start at " + startDate);
47. }
49. //根據(jù)當前服務(wù)器主機名或者IP判斷是否需要執(zhí)行該任務(wù)
50. //TODO Code
52. //調(diào)用具體task執(zhí)行method代碼
53. taskResult = this.methodInvoker.invoke();
54. } catch (Exception ex) {
55. logger.error(taskName + " accounted a error : " + this.errorMessage, ex);
56. throw new JobExecutionException(this.errorMessage, ex, false);
57. } finally {
58. if(logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
59. logger.info(taskName + " job end at " + new Date());
60. }
62. //將task執(zhí)行結(jié)果taskResult進行持久化、或者通知相關(guān)owner
63. //TODO Code
64. }
65. }
66. }
68. public static class AppsStatefulMethodInvokingJob extends AppsMethodInvokingJob {
69. }
70. }
public class AppsMethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean extends MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean { protected static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AppsMethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean.class); /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean#afterPropertiesSet() */ @Override public void afterPropertiesSet() throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException { super.afterPropertiesSet(); logger.info("origin jobClass : " + ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).getJobClass().getName()); // Consider the concurrent flag to choose between stateful and stateless job. if(MethodInvokingJob.class.getName().equals(((JobDetail)super.getObject()).getJobClass().getName())) { ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).setJobClass(AppsMethodInvokingJob.class); } else { ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).setJobClass(AppsStatefulMethodInvokingJob.class); } logger.info("new jobClass : " + ((JobDetail)super.getObject()).getJobClass().getName()); } public static class AppsMethodInvokingJob extends MethodInvokingJob { protected static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AppsMethodInvokingJob.class); private MethodInvoker methodInvoker; private String errorMessage; /** * Set the MethodInvoker to use. */ public void setMethodInvoker(MethodInvoker methodInvoker) { this.methodInvoker = methodInvoker; this.errorMessage = "Could not invoke method '" + this.methodInvoker.getTargetMethod() + "' on target object [" + this.methodInvoker.getTargetObject() + "]"; } /** * Invoke the method via the MethodInvoker. */ protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException { Date startDate = new Date(); String taskName = methodInvoker.getTargetClass().getName(); TaskResult taskResult; try { if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info(taskName + " job start at " + startDate); } //根據(jù)當前服務(wù)器主機名或者IP判斷是否需要執(zhí)行該任務(wù) //TODO Code //調(diào)用具體task執(zhí)行method代碼 taskResult = this.methodInvoker.invoke(); } catch (Exception ex) { logger.error(taskName + " accounted a error : " + this.errorMessage, ex); throw new JobExecutionException(this.errorMessage, ex, false); } finally { if(logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info(taskName + " job end at " + new Date()); } //將task執(zhí)行結(jié)果taskResult進行持久化、或者通知相關(guān)owner //TODO Code } } } public static class AppsStatefulMethodInvokingJob extends AppsMethodInvokingJob { } }
將自定義JobDetailFactoryBean的bean配置設(shè)置為abstract，從而減少每個task的相關(guān)配置量，新的代碼可參考如下配置：
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1. <bean id="appsAbstractJobDetail" class="com.alisoft...AppsMethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"
2. abstract="true">
3. <property name="concurrent" value="false" />
4. <property name="targetMethod" value="execute" />
5. </bean>
6. <bean id="testTaskHandler" class="com.alisoft...task.TestTaskHandler" />
7. <bean id="testTaskJobDetail" parent="appsAbstractJobDetail">
8. <property name="targetObject" ref="testTaskHandler" />
9. </bean>
10. <bean id="testTaskTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
11. <property name="jobDetail" ref="testTaskJobDetail" />
12. <property name="cronExpression" value="0 10 0 * * ?" />
13. </bean>
<bean id="appsAbstractJobDetail" class="com.alisoft...AppsMethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean" abstract="true"> <property name="concurrent" value="false" /> <property name="targetMethod" value="execute" /> </bean> <bean id="testTaskHandler" class="com.alisoft...task.TestTaskHandler" /> <bean id="testTaskJobDetail" parent="appsAbstractJobDetail"> <property name="targetObject" ref="testTaskHandler" /> </bean> <bean id="testTaskTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean"> <property name="jobDetail" ref="testTaskJobDetail" /> <property name="cronExpression" value="0 10 0 * * ?" /> </bean>

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