一個(gè)Andoird應(yīng)用程序的重要的地方是他們有相互溝通和整合的能力,一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以和另一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序交互,接下來(lái)我們來(lái)看看Android應(yīng)用之間的內(nèi)容分享
當(dāng)你構(gòu)建Intent的時(shí)候,必須要指定Intent的Action觸發(fā),定義Intent的Action例如ACTION_SEND,你大概可以猜到指定Action為ACTION_SEND的Intent的作用是從一個(gè)Activity發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)到另一個(gè)Activity,甚至跨越不同的進(jìn)程,將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送給另一個(gè)Activity,你需要指定數(shù)據(jù)和他的類型,系統(tǒng)將識(shí)別接收的Activity,并顯示他們給用戶(假如有多個(gè)選擇的時(shí)候)或者立即啟動(dòng)Activity(只要一個(gè)選擇的時(shí)候)
1.發(fā)送文本內(nèi)容
最直接最常用的是用ACTION_SEND來(lái)從一個(gè)應(yīng)用發(fā)送文本內(nèi)容到另一個(gè)應(yīng)用,例如,我們的內(nèi)置瀏覽器可以與任何頁(yè)面當(dāng)前的URL來(lái)共享文字,下面的例子就是共享文本內(nèi)容
1234 | Intent sendIntent = new Intent(); sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); //這里是你發(fā)送的文本 sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手機(jī)測(cè)試分享內(nèi)容"); sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); startActivity(sendIntent); |
假如你安裝了過(guò)濾Action為ACTION_SEND,MIMEtype為“text/plain”的應(yīng)用程序,這個(gè)系統(tǒng)就會(huì)啟動(dòng),假如系統(tǒng)匹配到多個(gè)這樣子的應(yīng)用程序,他就會(huì)彈出一個(gè)Dialog列出所有的應(yīng)用供用戶選擇(一個(gè)選擇器),如下圖
可能你覺得上面的代碼很簡(jiǎn)單,我很容易就能寫出來(lái),可是你發(fā)現(xiàn)了沒有,當(dāng)我們的手機(jī)里面沒有地圖類型的應(yīng)用程序,你執(zhí)行startActivity方法,你的程序就會(huì)出現(xiàn)Crash(崩潰),所以我們需要先判斷下系統(tǒng)是否有這類型的應(yīng)用程序,判斷也很簡(jiǎn)單
123456 | public boolean hasApplication(Intent intent){ PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager(); //查詢是否有該Intent的Activity List<ResolveInfo> activities = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, 0); //activities里面不為空就有,否則就沒有 return activities.size() > 0 ? true : false; |
所以我們?cè)趕tartActivity的時(shí)候要做上面的判斷,這樣子我們開發(fā)出來(lái)的程序才會(huì)更加的健壯,少一些Crash用戶體驗(yàn)也會(huì)更好,假如每次都要判斷你師傅會(huì)覺得煩?所以我們也可以使用Intent的Intent.createChooser方法
他有如下優(yōu)點(diǎn)
1.1 即使用戶選擇了默認(rèn)的方式,選擇器仍然會(huì)彈出來(lái)1.2 如果沒有匹配到這樣的應(yīng)用程序,系統(tǒng)就會(huì)提示消息1.3 你可以指定選擇器Dialog的標(biāo)題
12345 | Intent sendIntent = new Intent();sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手機(jī)測(cè)試分享內(nèi)容");sendIntent.setType("text/plain");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "我是彈出框的標(biāo)題")); |
注:某些郵件類應(yīng)用程序,如Gmail,我們可以使用putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, String[]) 添加一個(gè)字符串?dāng)?shù)組到Intent中
2.發(fā)送二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容
二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容的共享使用Action為ACTION_SEND,在設(shè)置適當(dāng)?shù)腗IME類型,并且添加putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, URI),下面是一個(gè)常用的共享圖片的代碼,也可以共享任何類型的二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容
12345 | Intent shareIntent = new Intent();shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriToImage);shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.send_to))); |
主要下面幾點(diǎn)
你可以使用MIME type為“ /” ,他只會(huì)匹配處理一般數(shù)據(jù)流的Activity接收應(yīng)用程序需要Uri指定數(shù)據(jù)的訪問權(quán)限在SD卡的文件,我們使用File file = new File(filePath); Uri.fromFile(file),然后把他傳遞給Intent在應(yīng)用程序的目錄中,openFileOutput的模式為MODE_WORLD_READABLE,然后我們可以使用getFileStreamPath()返回一個(gè)File,然后利用Uri.fromFile(file)傳遞給Intent可以掃描圖像,視頻和音頻等媒體文件,添加到系統(tǒng)MediaStore使用SCANFILE()來(lái)掃描文件,掃描完成后會(huì)調(diào)用 onScanCompleted()回調(diào)方法來(lái)返回一個(gè)Uri圖片使用insertImage()方法插入到系統(tǒng)MediaStore也會(huì)返回一個(gè)圖片的Uri
下面是共享圖片的例子
12345678 | Intent shareIntent = new Intent();shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);File file = new File("mnt/sdcard/share.png");System.out.println(Uri.fromFile(file));shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(file));shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "共享圖片")); |
選擇QQ空間后,圖片就顯示在那里了,如下圖
我們要共享多個(gè)二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容利用Action為ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE,
下面是我們共享多張圖片
123456789 | ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = new ArrayList<Uri>();imageUris.add(imageUri1); // Add your image URIs hereimageUris.add(imageUri2);Intent shareIntent = new Intent();shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris);shareIntent.setType("image/*");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share images to..")); |
下面我列出幾個(gè)常用的MIME type類型
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314 | text/plain(純文本)text/html(HTML文檔)application/xhtml xml(XHTML文檔)image/gif(GIF圖像)image/jpeg(JPEG圖像)【PHP中為:image/pjpeg】image/png(PNG圖像)【PHP中為:image/x-png】video/mpeg(MPEG動(dòng)畫)application/octet-stream(任意的二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù))application/pdf(PDF文檔)application/msword(Microsoft Word文件)message/rfc822(RFC 822形式)multipart/alternative(HTML郵件的HTML形式和純文本形式,相同內(nèi)容使用不同形式表示)application/x-www-form-urlencoded(使用HTTP的POST方法提交的表單)multipart/form-data(同上,但主要用于表單提交時(shí)伴隨文件上傳的場(chǎng)合) |
Android所有支持的MIME type
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340 | sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/andrew-inset", "ez"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/dsptype", "tsp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/futuresplash", "spl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/hta", "hta"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-binhex40", "hqx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-compactpro", "cpt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mathematica", "nb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msaccess", "mdb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/oda", "oda"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/ogg", "ogg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pdf", "pdf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-keys", "key"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-signature", "pgp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pics-rules", "prf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rar", "rar"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rdf xml", "rdf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rss xml", "rss"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/zip", "zip"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.android.package-archive", "apk"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.cinderella", "cdy"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-pki.stl", "stl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database", "odb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula", "odf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics", "odg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template", "otg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image", "odi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet", "ods"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template", "ots"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text", "odt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master", "odm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template", "ott"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web", "oth"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "doc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "dot"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document", "docx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template", "dotx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xls"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xlt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet", "xlsx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template", "xltx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "ppt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pot"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pps"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation", "pptx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template", "potx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow", "ppsx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.rim.cod", "cod"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.smaf", "mmf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.calc", "sdc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.draw", "sda"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.math", "smf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer", "sdw"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer", "vor"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global", "sgl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.calc", "sxc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template", "stc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.draw", "sxd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw.template", "std"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.impress", "sxi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress.template", "sti"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.math", "sxm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.writer", "sxw"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global", "sxg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry( "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template", "stw"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.visio", "vsd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-abiword", "abw"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-apple-diskimage", "dmg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bcpio", "bcpio"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bittorrent", "torrent"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdf", "cdf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdlink", "vcd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-chess-pgn", "pgn"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cpio", "cpio"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "deb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "udeb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dcr"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dir"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dxr"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dms", "dms"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-doom", "wad"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dvi", "dvi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-flac", "flac"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfa"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "gsf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf.Z"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-freemind", "mm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-futuresplash", "spl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gnumeric", "gnumeric"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-go-sgf", "sgf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-graphing-calculator", "gcf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "gtar"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "tgz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "taz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-hdf", "hdf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ica", "ica"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "ins"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "isp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iphone", "iii"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iso9660-image", "iso"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-jmol", "jmz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kchart", "chrt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-killustrator", "kil"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpr"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kspread", "ksp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-latex", "latex"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lha", "lha"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzh", "lzh"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzx", "lzx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "maker"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frame"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "book"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fbdoc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-mif", "mif"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmd", "wmd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmz", "wmz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-msi", "msi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", "pac"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-nwc", "nwc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-object", "o"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-oz-application", "oza"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs12", "p12"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp", "p7r"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-crl", "crl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-quicktimeplayer", "qtl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shar", "shar"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shockwave-flash", "swf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-stuffit", "sit"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4cpio", "sv4cpio"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4crc", "sv4crc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-tar", "tar"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texinfo"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "t"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "roff"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff-man", "man"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ustar", "ustar"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wais-source", "src"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wingz", "wz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-webarchive", "webarchive"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-ca-cert", "crt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-user-cert", "crt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xcf", "xcf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xfig", "fig"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/xhtml xml", "xhtml"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/3gpp", "3gpp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/basic", "snd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "mid"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "midi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "kar"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpga"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpega"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp2"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp3"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "m4a"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpegurl", "m3u"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/prs.sid", "sid"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aif"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aiff"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aifc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-gsm", "gsm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-mpegurl", "m3u"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wma", "wma"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wax", "wax"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ra"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "rm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ram"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-realaudio", "ra"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-scpls", "pls"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-sd2", "sd2"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-wav", "wav"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/bmp", "bmp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/gif", "gif"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "cur"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "ico"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ief", "ief"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpeg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpe"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/pcx", "pcx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/png", "png"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg xml", "svg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg xml", "svgz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tiff"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tif"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djvu"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djv"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.wap.wbmp", "wbmp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-cmu-raster", "ras"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldraw", "cdr"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawpattern", "pat"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawtemplate", "cdt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-corelphotopaint", "cpt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-icon", "ico"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jg", "art"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jng", "jng"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-ms-bmp", "bmp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-photoshop", "psd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-anymap", "pnm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-bitmap", "pbm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-graymap", "pgm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-pixmap", "ppm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-rgb", "rgb"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xbitmap", "xbm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xpixmap", "xpm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xwindowdump", "xwd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "igs"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "iges"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "msh"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "mesh"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "silo"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "ics"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "icz"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/comma-separated-values", "csv"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/css", "css"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "htm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "html"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/h323", "323"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/iuls", "uls"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/mathml", "mml"); // add it first so it will be the default for ExtensionFromMimeType sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "txt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "asc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "text"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "diff"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "po"); // reserve "pot" for vnd.ms-powerpoint sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/richtext", "rtx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/rtf", "rtf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/texmacs", "ts"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/text", "phps"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/tab-separated-values", "tsv"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/xml", "xml"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-bibtex", "bib"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-boo", "boo"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c hdr", "h "); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c hdr", "hpp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c hdr", "hxx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c hdr", "hh"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c src", "c "); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c src", "cpp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c src", "cxx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-chdr", "h"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-component", "htc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csh", "csh"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csrc", "c"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-dsrc", "d"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-haskell", "hs"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-java", "java"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-literate-haskell", "lhs"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-moc", "moc"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "p"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "pas"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pcs-gcd", "gcd"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-setext", "etx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tcl", "tcl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "tex"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "ltx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "sty"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "cls"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcalendar", "vcs"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcard", "vcf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gpp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gp"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3g2"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dl", "dl"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dif"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dv"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/fli", "fli"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/m4v", "m4v"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpeg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpg"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpe"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mp4", "mp4"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "VOB"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "qt"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "mov"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/vnd.mpegurl", "mxu"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-mng", "mng"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asf"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wm", "wm"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmv", "wmv"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmx", "wmx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wvx", "wvx"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-msvideo", "avi"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-sgi-movie", "movie"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-conference/x-cooltalk", "ice"); sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-epoc/x-sisx-app", "sisx"); |
上面是發(fā)送內(nèi)容給其他的應(yīng)用程序,接下來(lái)我們分享從其他的應(yīng)用接收內(nèi)容用來(lái)顯示。
比如你開發(fā)了一個(gè)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用,你其中的某個(gè)Activity可以接受人們從其他的應(yīng)用分享的東西,例如分享文字或者從圖庫(kù)分享圖片等等,接下來(lái)我們利用一個(gè)例子來(lái)講解從其他的應(yīng)用接受內(nèi)容
1.我們新建一個(gè)Android工程,名字為SharedContext,修改Manifest文件
我們需要在Manifest文件中定義這個(gè)Activity能接收什么樣的Intent,我們需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建Intent過(guò)濾器,使用 元素來(lái)過(guò)濾我們能接收的Intent,下面我們舉個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子,相信大家知道舉一反三,下面的例子我們的應(yīng)用程序可以處理文本,文本文件,單一的圖片和多張圖片,我們定義Manifest文件如下
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.sharedcontext" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="16" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.example.sharedcontext.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <!-- 應(yīng)用程序的啟動(dòng) Intent,我們例子只有一個(gè)Activity--> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> <!-- 處理文字的Intent 我們需要定義action, category, 和文字對(duì)應(yīng)的MIME --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:mimeType="text/*" /> </intent-filter> <!-- 處理單張圖片的Intent --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:mimeType="image/*" /> </intent-filter> <!-- 處理多張圖片的Intent --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:mimeType="image/*" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application</manifest> |
當(dāng)一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)建上面那樣子的Intent,并吧它傳遞給StartActivity(),我們的應(yīng)用程序就會(huì)被列在Intent選擇器中,當(dāng)用戶選擇該應(yīng)用程序就進(jìn)入相對(duì)應(yīng)的Activity(上面的例子是MainActivity),我們只需要在MainActivity處理這樣內(nèi)容并用相對(duì)應(yīng)的UI顯示, MainActivity如下
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199 | package com.example.sharedcontext;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.BaseAdapter;import android.widget.GridView;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Intent intent = getIntent(); //獲得Intent的Action String action = intent.getAction(); //獲得Intent的MIME type String type = intent.getType(); if(Intent.ACTION_SEND.equals(action) && type != null){ //我們這里處理所有的文本類型 if(type.startsWith("text/")){ //處理獲取到的文本,這里我們用TextView顯示 handleSendText(intent); } //圖片的MIME type有 image/png , image/jepg, image/gif 等, else if(type.startsWith("image/")){ //處理獲取到圖片,我們用ImageView顯示 handleSendImage(intent); } } else if(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE.equals(action) && type != null){ if (type.startsWith("image/")) { //處理多張圖片,我們用一個(gè)GridView來(lái)顯示 handleSendMultipleImages(intent); } } } /** * 用TextView顯示文本 * 可以打開一般的文本文件 * @param intent */ private void handleSendText(Intent intent){ TextView textView = new TextView(this); //一般的文本處理,我們直接顯示字符串 String sharedText = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT); if(sharedText != null){ textView.setText(sharedText); } //文本文件處理,從Uri中獲取輸入流,然后將輸入流轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串 Uri textUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM); if(textUri != null){ try { InputStream inputStream = this.getContentResolver().openInputStream(textUri); textView.setText(inputStream2Byte(inputStream)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } //設(shè)置給Activity setContentView(textView); } /** * 將輸入流轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串 * @param inputStream * @return * @throws IOException */ private String inputStream2Byte(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException{ ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte [] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = -1; while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){ bos.write(buffer, 0, len); } bos.close(); //指定編碼格式為UIT-8 return new String(bos.toByteArray(), "UTF-8"); } /** * 用ImageView顯示單張圖片 * @param intent */ private void handleSendImage(Intent intent) { Uri imageUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM); if (imageUri != null) { ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this); imageView.setImageURI(imageUri); setContentView(imageView); } } /** * 用GridView顯示多張圖片 * @param intent */ private void handleSendMultipleImages(Intent intent) { final ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM); if (imageUris != null) { GridView gridView = new GridView(this); //設(shè)置item的寬度 gridView.setColumnWidth(130); //設(shè)置列為自動(dòng)適應(yīng) gridView.setNumColumns(GridView.AUTO_FIT); gridView.setAdapter(new GridAdapter(this, imageUris)); setContentView(gridView); gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, final int position, long id) { //點(diǎn)擊GridView的item 可以分享圖片給其他應(yīng)用 //這里可以參考http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9395991 Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris.get(position)); intent.setType("image/*"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "共享圖片")); } }); } } /** * 重寫B(tài)aseAdapter * @author xiaanming * */ public class GridAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ private Context mContext; private ArrayList<Uri> list; public GridAdapter(Context mContext, ArrayList<Uri> list){ this.list = list; this.mContext = mContext; } @Override public int getCount() { return list.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return list.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ImageView imageView; if(convertView == null){ imageView = new ImageView(mContext); imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8); }else{ imageView = (ImageView) convertView; } imageView.setImageURI(list.get(position)); return imageView; } }} |
運(yùn)行程序之后,然后我們選擇系統(tǒng)圖庫(kù),選擇多張圖片(如圖一)進(jìn)行分享,我們自己的應(yīng)用程序分享多張界面(如圖二)點(diǎn)擊我們應(yīng)用程序的item,選擇分享單張圖片(如圖三)我們繼續(xù)選擇我們自己的應(yīng)用程序來(lái)顯示(如圖四),新建一個(gè)備忘錄保存,長(zhǎng)按備忘錄進(jìn)行分享(如圖五),分享文本文件的顯示界面(如圖六)
內(nèi)容大概就是這樣,如果你覺得這篇文章對(duì)你有點(diǎn)幫助,你就幫我頂頂,謝謝大家關(guān)注!
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