完 形 填 空-完形填空測(cè)試樣題及解題思路
Sample 1.
Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the 1 in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The 2 student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of 3 , not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is 4 for learning the material assigned. When research is assigned, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with 5 guidance. It is the student's reponsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain 6 a university library works; they expect students, particularly graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference 7 in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but 8 that their students should not be too dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties besides teaching, such as administrative or research work. 9 , the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either 10 a professor during office hours or make an appointment.
1.[A] suggestion[B] context [C] abstract [D] information
2.[A] poor [B] ideal [C] any [D] disappointed
3.[A] fun [B] work [C] learning [D] prize
4.[A] criticized[B] innocent [C] responsible[D] dismissed
5.[A] maximum [B] minimum [C] assistant's[D] practical
6.[A] when [B] what [C] why [D] how
7.[A] selections[B] collections[C] sources [D] origins
8.[A] hate [B] dislike [C] like [D] prefer
9.[A] However [B] Therefore [C] Furthermore[D] Nevertheless
10.[A] greet [B] annoy [C] approach [D] attach
解題思路
1.答案為D項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都可做名詞,從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上分析,每個(gè)答案都可填入空缺處,但從句子的語(yǔ)義來(lái)看,閱讀的目的是希望從中獲取某些信息,因此選擇information,它是“資料;情報(bào);信息”; context表示“(文章的)上下文”,如: We should guess the meaning of a word from the context.(我們?cè)搹纳舷挛闹胁略~義); abstract指“摘要”。聯(lián)系上下文,不難看出,都是在布置了閱讀作業(yè)之后,是希望學(xué)生熟悉閱讀文章里的一些內(nèi)容,其他三個(gè)選擇的詞義與整句句意不符。
2.答案為B項(xiàng)。盡管四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都能修飾名詞(它們是形容詞),但根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,名詞student前面不能同時(shí)有 the與 any兩個(gè)限定詞來(lái)修飾,因此首先排除C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng),雖然從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上講得通,然而把它們與整個(gè)句子的意思聯(lián)系起來(lái)就讓人感到費(fèi)解。因此,從語(yǔ)意上看,只有 ideal符合上下文語(yǔ)義,即:“理想的學(xué)生不是只對(duì)獲高分感興趣,而且具有為獲取知識(shí)而學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力”。
3.答案為C項(xiàng)。這一題的空缺與上一題的空缺同在一個(gè)句子中,所以做題要做到前后呼應(yīng)。通過(guò)上下文,我們得知,教師認(rèn)為理想的學(xué)生不應(yīng)該只對(duì)獲取高分感興趣,還應(yīng)該有一種學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力,這種動(dòng)力就在四個(gè)選擇中。for the sake of ...表示“為了…目的”,如:He cited the example for the sake of comparison.(他為了對(duì)比舉了那個(gè)例子)。聯(lián)系上下文得知,既然老師不贊成學(xué)生只對(duì)獲高分感興趣,也不會(huì)贊成學(xué)生為了“獲獎(jiǎng)”或“娛樂(lè)”而學(xué)習(xí)。雖然我們可以說(shuō)“為了工作而學(xué)習(xí)”,但全文沒(méi)有提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)與以后工作方面有聯(lián)系,而主要講的是作為學(xué)生,學(xué)習(xí)期間教師希望他們?cè)鯓訉W(xué)習(xí)以及在學(xué)習(xí)方面教 師與學(xué)生的責(zé)任等。因此,for the sake of learning在意義上最貼切,即:一個(gè)理想的學(xué)生應(yīng)該具有為獲取知識(shí)而學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力。
4.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題仍可以從語(yǔ)義上獲取正確答案。首先從搭配結(jié)構(gòu)上分析可以排除B項(xiàng),innocent后面只能跟介詞“ of”,如: He is innocent of a crime.(他無(wú)罪)。如果把 for 看做是表示原因,那么dismissed與 criticized的句意又完全解釋不通,無(wú)論如何也不會(huì)是“老師把學(xué)生開(kāi)除了或是批評(píng)他們,是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)老師布置的作業(yè)”,這顯然既不符合上下文、又不符常識(shí) 。只有選項(xiàng)C,語(yǔ)法上與be responsible for…這一結(jié)構(gòu)相符,語(yǔ)義、結(jié)構(gòu)上也都講得通,不失為最佳答案。
5.答案為B項(xiàng)。通過(guò)下文"It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines…. Professors do not have the time to explain…”以及“…students should not be too dependent on professors”,我們可以做出判斷,教授不喜歡學(xué)生太依賴(lài)?yán)蠋?,學(xué)生們應(yīng)該有自己的獨(dú)立性、主動(dòng)性,因此, minimum放在空缺處最能表達(dá)此意。 maximum是“最大限度、范圍的”,正好與B項(xiàng)意義相反;C項(xiàng)的assistant's雖說(shuō)語(yǔ)意上行得通,而結(jié)構(gòu)上卻應(yīng)該排除,因?yàn)閍ssistant是可數(shù)名詞,當(dāng)它以單數(shù)形式第一次出現(xiàn)時(shí),前面應(yīng)有不定冠詞“an”;D項(xiàng)與A項(xiàng)相同,表達(dá)的均是“教授期望學(xué)生在指導(dǎo)下完成研究任務(wù)”,事實(shí)上,下文的內(nèi)容證明了這是錯(cuò)誤的判斷,與下文內(nèi)容恰好相反。
6.答案為D項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)分析,B項(xiàng)可以排除,因?yàn)閑xplain引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞works是不及物動(dòng)詞,不可能由what來(lái)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。其他三項(xiàng)均是副詞,語(yǔ)法上都講得通,但在語(yǔ)義及常識(shí)觀念上經(jīng)不住推敲。首先,做為大學(xué)生,他們不可能不知道圖書(shū)館的作息時(shí)間,更不可能愚笨到不知道圖書(shū)館為何存在;再者,根據(jù)常識(shí)來(lái)判斷,這些都不是教授份內(nèi)應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。只有D項(xiàng)的how用在該處最為貼切,說(shuō)明教授沒(méi)有時(shí)間指導(dǎo)學(xué)生該如何地查閱文獻(xiàn)。
7.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題屬于詞匯辨異。首先可以排除D項(xiàng),因?yàn)閛rigins是“起源、起因”之意,用在該處不符合句意。selections為“精選物”,collections是“收集物”,exhaust在此句的意思是“詳盡無(wú)遺地論述”,當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用,根據(jù)句意,“教授期望學(xué)生、尤其是研究生能夠詳盡地闡明圖書(shū)館里參考資料的出處”,雖然selections與collections也可能和reference搭配,但意義卻不太確切。sources是“原始資源、出處”的含義,與reference一起表示參考資料的出處。
8.答案為D項(xiàng)。首先從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上可以排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。因?yàn)閘ike和 hate后面只能接不定式或動(dòng)名詞,不能接that引導(dǎo)的從句,dislike后面只能接動(dòng)名詞,且句中的that從句里又出現(xiàn)了虛擬語(yǔ)氣,因此只有prefer一詞適用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)。再者,從語(yǔ)意上分析,上文已交待“…professor expects the students to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance”,從這一句意也能看出教授的態(tài)度,他們不希望學(xué)生過(guò)多地依賴(lài)教師。此外,從上下文的邏輯關(guān)系上也可以解出此題,空缺的前一句是“professor will help students who need it”(教授會(huì)幫助那些需要幫助的學(xué)生),但是接下來(lái)是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞“but”,說(shuō)明教授對(duì)學(xué)生依賴(lài)性的另一種態(tài)度了,希望學(xué)生獨(dú)立性方面強(qiáng)一些,因而這種邏輯關(guān)系提醒我們不能選擇前三項(xiàng),否則意義關(guān)系就分不清了。
9.答案為B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系就能解出此題。前一句提到“在美國(guó),教授除了教學(xué)外,還有許多其他的職責(zé),如行政或研究工作”,因此,就出現(xiàn)了“the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited”;換言之,教授課外與學(xué)生在一起的時(shí)間非常有限的原因即是上文提到的情況,上下文的內(nèi)容是一種因果的邏輯關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)表達(dá)一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;C項(xiàng)表示補(bǔ)充關(guān)系;只有B項(xiàng)therefore可以表達(dá)因果邏輯關(guān)系。
10.答案為C項(xiàng)。本題考查考生對(duì)詞義及句中語(yǔ)義的理解。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)看,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)詞,但它們的詞義截然不同,因此必須聯(lián)系原文。試設(shè)想,如果學(xué)生在課上有問(wèn)題問(wèn),他們決不會(huì)使教授煩惱、生氣或者拘押,可以排除annoy和 attach。 greet也僅僅表示見(jiàn)面“打招呼”,如果學(xué)生課上遇到問(wèn)題,僅僅與教授打招呼還不夠,而應(yīng)該去找教授或預(yù)約一個(gè)時(shí)間,因此應(yīng)選 approach,做動(dòng)詞用時(shí),它可以指“走近,與…打交道”。
Sample 2. An American 1 has successfully tested a way to clean waste water without chemicals. The 2 uses green plants. Researcher William Jewell is an agricultural engineer at Cornell University in New York State. He calls his cleaning method the nutrient film techique. He says it is very simple. It is based 3 a fact that waste water is an excellent plant food.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency is supporting Professor Jewell's experiments. The tests were carried 4 at an existing waste water treatment center in the northeastern state of New Hampshire. The scientists put plants in narrow containers 5 a glass building. One end of each container was a little higher than the other and waste water was directed down the containers through the plants' thick roots. 6 expected, the roots trapped the wastes in the water and used them for food. At the same time, the plants produced natural gas. The gas could be 7 and sold as fuel.
Professor Jewell says his nutrient film technique is more 8 than most chemical systems. He also says it can produce clean water for about half the cost. And he says, the technique can be used in treatment centers fueled 9 the sun. Four places in Florida 10 are using green plants to clean their waste water.
1.[A] observer [B] research [C] explorer [D] expositor
2.[A] means [B] ways [C] method [D] technique
3.[A] at [B] for [C] in [D] on
4.[A] on [B] off [C] out [D] over
5.[A] inside [B] outside [C] beneath [D] opposite
6.[A] As [B] So [C] As were [D] So were
7.[A] concentrated[B] organized[C] assembled[D] collected
8.[A] affective [B] effective[C] frequent [D] efficient
9.[A] by [B] from [C] in [D] under
10.[A] yet [B] still [C] already [D] exactly
解題思路
1.答案為B項(xiàng)。本題屬于詞義辨析。observer是“觀察者,評(píng)論家”; researcher指“研究人員,調(diào)查者”,既可指從事純學(xué)術(shù)研究也可指從事實(shí)驗(yàn)科學(xué)研究的人員;explorer為“探險(xiǎn)家;勘探者”,多指從事探險(xiǎn)、礦物質(zhì)勘探的人員; expositor做“說(shuō)明者;講解人”。這四個(gè)詞都是名詞,均指人,但是在本文中,指的是能夠并且“已經(jīng)試驗(yàn)成功一種不用化學(xué)藥物來(lái)處理廢水方法”的人,為此可以判斷, researcher可以用來(lái)指代這種人。下文的“ Researcher William Jewell…”也證明這種選擇的正確性。
2.答案為D項(xiàng)。該題是近義詞辨析,考查考生對(duì)這四個(gè)名詞的用法的區(qū)分能力。A項(xiàng)的means雖然是復(fù)數(shù)形式,但是常作單數(shù)用,可指一切方法或手段;way是最常用詞,既可指一般的辦法也可指?jìng)€(gè)人的或特殊的方式方法,多與介詞of或動(dòng)詞不定式搭配使用。如:She has changed her way of living.(她改變了自己的生活方式);C項(xiàng)的method多指有系統(tǒng)地、按步驟處理事物的方法或理論性的方法,如:the duductive/inductive method(演繹法/歸納法);D項(xiàng)的technique往往指工藝或藝術(shù)上的“技術(shù),技巧;方法”,如:popularized the new advanced techniques “推廣先進(jìn)的新技術(shù)(方法)”。根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)義及結(jié)構(gòu)搭配,可以推斷這里指的是處理廢水的新方法(技術(shù)),鑒于ways是復(fù)數(shù)形式與題意和謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)動(dòng)詞(uses)均不相符,正確答案應(yīng)是D項(xiàng)。
3.答案為D項(xiàng)。該題考查考生對(duì)于固定搭配詞組的掌握情況。四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)均為介詞,哪一個(gè)正確要看能否與be based搭配。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be based on (upon)表示“以…為根據(jù);基于…”,如:His argument was based on facts.(他的論點(diǎn)以事實(shí)為根據(jù))。文中本句的意思是“這種處理廢水新方法的原理為:廢水是植物的極好肥料”。其他三個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)與base不搭配,因而全部排除。
4.答案為C項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選擇與動(dòng)詞carry都搭配,即:無(wú)論從語(yǔ)法角度還是所需填詞的詞性選擇方面都沒(méi)有什么錯(cuò)誤,問(wèn)題就在詞義上,carry on 表示“進(jìn)行下去;繼續(xù)開(kāi)展”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)和進(jìn)行,如:Let's carry on with the work even though we may run into still greater difficulties.(我們繼續(xù)做這項(xiàng)工作吧,即使會(huì)遇到更大的困難也要干下去); carry off是“贏得(獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌?;成功地完成”,如: Who has carried off the first prize in the contest? (誰(shuí)在比賽中得了第一名?);carry out有“進(jìn)行(到底);執(zhí)行;完成;開(kāi)展”之意,如: We expect him to carry out his promises.(我們期待他履行諾言); carry over是“使繼續(xù)下去;把…爭(zhēng)取到自己這邊來(lái)”,如: We did our best to carry him over and at last succeeded.(我們盡力爭(zhēng)取他,到底成功了)。根據(jù)上下文的信息可知該試驗(yàn)已經(jīng)完成并取得預(yù)期結(jié)果,因此,正確答案選carry out。
5.答案為A項(xiàng)。本題考查考生介詞用法的區(qū)分能力和語(yǔ)義的理解。眾所周知,inside表示“在…內(nèi)部”,既可指在房屋、建筑物的里面也可指在某個(gè)黨派、組織或團(tuán)體的內(nèi)部,還可以表示在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)并多指早于所規(guī)定的時(shí)間; outside與 inside正好相反,它們是一對(duì)反義詞; beneath是“在…(正)下方”; opposite則為“在…的對(duì)面”。從文中的句意來(lái)看,科學(xué)家把植物放在狹窄容器中,這個(gè)狹窄容器一定是在玻璃暖房里,如果是在外面也就沒(méi)必要提玻璃暖房。至于 beneath與 opposite那都不可能的。
6.答案為A項(xiàng)。本題考查考生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解,首先可以先分析一下句法結(jié)構(gòu)。expect是動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ),就是說(shuō)空缺處的詞應(yīng)該是主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)A的as 可以是代詞,指后面主句中所敘述的整個(gè)內(nèi)容,as expected 等于as was expected(如所預(yù)料的那樣),如: As was expected, excessive drinking and smoking caught up with him.(正如所料,他過(guò)度飲酒抽煙) As is announced in the paper, our country has launched another manmade earth satellite.(正如報(bào)紙所說(shuō),我國(guó)又發(fā)射一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星)選項(xiàng)B中的 so用作代詞時(shí),多與 assume, believe, do, expect, guess, hope, say, suppose, tell, think, be afraid等動(dòng)詞連用,代替前文的詞語(yǔ)或意思,表示“如此;這樣”,如: I expect so. (我看是這樣)He hopes he will win and I hope so too.(他希望自己會(huì)贏,我也希望如此)可見(jiàn), so 用作代詞時(shí)其用法與as用作關(guān)系代詞的用法截然不同, as 在句子中作主語(yǔ),且指后面主句的整個(gè)內(nèi)容;而so 在句子中作賓語(yǔ),指上文的整個(gè)內(nèi)容。值得一提的是,選項(xiàng)C具有很大的迷惑性,它的錯(cuò)誤在于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作用了復(fù)數(shù),而實(shí)際上這種結(jié)構(gòu)需要用單數(shù),如:As is expected 或As was expected…
7.答案為D項(xiàng)。collect一詞是“收集,采集”等含義,特別指按照一定計(jì)劃進(jìn)行收集,是普遍用語(yǔ)。根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系及語(yǔ)義搭配,該空缺的最佳選擇詞為 collect。 concentrate意為把注意力、精力、思想等“集中在…”,如: They always concentrate their efforts on finding ways to reduce costs.(他們總是竭盡全力找出降低成本的辦法。) organize意為“組織;把…編組”,用于“組建”公司、俱樂(lè)部,“組織”小組、會(huì)議、參觀、旅游或競(jìng)賽等; assemble表示“集合;調(diào)集;裝配”,強(qiáng)調(diào)為某個(gè)特定的目的而收集,多用于“集合”學(xué)生、“召集”議員、“收集”材料、“調(diào)集”兵力、“裝配”機(jī)器等,如: We need skilled workers who can assemble cars very quickly.(我們需要會(huì)迅速裝配汽車(chē)的熟練工人。)
8.答案為B項(xiàng)。該題考查考生對(duì)近義詞的辨析,考生應(yīng)對(duì)選擇答案詞語(yǔ)本身內(nèi)在含義的細(xì)微差別和這些詞語(yǔ)在句中的不同用法有深刻理解。文中本句的句意為:“朱厄爾教授說(shuō),他的滋養(yǎng)膜法比其他大多數(shù)化學(xué)方法更有效”,根據(jù)句意,首先可以排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。effective指“有效的,生效的”,多用來(lái)修飾事物,并強(qiáng)調(diào)產(chǎn)生所預(yù)期的效果,如: take effective measures(采取有效措施); efficient是“效率高的”,與 effective是同義詞,但多用于修飾人,并強(qiáng)調(diào)能夠產(chǎn)生所預(yù)期的效果而又節(jié)省時(shí)間或精力,也可修飾物,如: A skilled surgeon is efficient.(一個(gè)熟練的外科醫(yī)生的效率是很高的。)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系及語(yǔ)義搭配, effective用在空缺比 efficient更為貼切。
錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)A的 affective與 effective詞形相近,但意義完全不同。 affective是“感情方面的,由感情引起的”,如: an affective disorder(情感精神病);選項(xiàng)C的錯(cuò)誤在于 frequent表示“時(shí)常發(fā)生的,經(jīng)常的”,指事物發(fā)生的頻繁性,與句意不相符。
9.答案為A項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都為介詞,本題是考查考生對(duì)于不同介詞含義的了解。fuel用作不及物動(dòng)詞意為“供給燃料”,多與介詞 at或in連用,表示添加燃料的地點(diǎn),如: The ship will have to fuel at the nearest port.(這條船需在最近的港口添加燃料。)句中的 fuelled by…是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),意為“用…作為燃料”, by的含義為“靠;由;根據(jù)”等,如: read by electric light(在電燈光下讀書(shū)); a power station fuelled by uranium(用鈾作燃料的發(fā)電站)。從語(yǔ)意及句子上下文內(nèi)容來(lái)看,介詞by最符合題義。
10.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題首先必須明確句子的邏輯關(guān)系,上文提到“And he says, the technique can be used in treatment centers fuelled by the sun.”,該句又交待“Four places…”,并且時(shí)態(tài)用的是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),這就充分說(shuō)明該句對(duì)上一句是一種補(bǔ)充,或者就是例證,說(shuō)明在佛羅里達(dá)有四個(gè)地方已經(jīng)用綠色植物來(lái)清潔廢水,因此選擇already,它多用于肯定句,表示“已經(jīng)”;yet也可以作“已經(jīng)”解,但常用于疑問(wèn)句,如: Is Jenny off the phone yet?(珍妮電話打完了嗎?)此外,yet還可以表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系,在該文中,上下文看不出是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故排除之; still用作副詞意為“還;仍舊”及 exactly都明顯不符合句意,均應(yīng)排除。
Sample 3. The salt which gave both the city and the province their name has been mined in this region for centuries. The province 1 part of the Limestone Alps, the lakes of the western Saizkammergut, the eastern section of the Kitzbüheler Alps, the northern part of the Hohe Tauern 2 and the western area of the Niedere Tauern.
The city of Salzburg(pop. approximately 139,000)is the 3 of the provincial government and also of the Archbishop of Salzburg. 4 the home of Mozart, it developed in the years after 1945, along with the rest of the province, 5 a focal point for the international tourist trade. The whole of the old city has been 6 and now represents an integral work of art in its own 7 . The thermal springs in the Gastein Valley have established an international reputation for the spa resorts of Badgastein and Bad Hofgastein. Small towns such as SaalbachHinterglemm, Zellam See and Kaprun have become widely known in recent years 8 winter sports centres. Kaprun has also attracted widespread interest with the Glockner Kaprun project, part of the Tauern hydro?electric complex.
Rapid progress in the tourist sector has been accompanied 9 similar developments in other specialised industrial fields, many of them export?oriented. Culture and science have not 10 behind. The internationally renowned Salzburg Festival, founded in 1920, is supplemented now by Herbert von Karajan's Easter Festival and Whitsun concert series as well as by a number of other festivals. The University of Salzburg was reopened in 1962.
1.[A] contains [B] includes [C] encloses [D] involves
2.[A] range [B] mount [C] extent [D] mountain
3.[A] place [B] spot [C] seat [D] region
4.[A] Hence [B] Thereby [C] Since [D] Once
5.[A] to [B] into [C] from [D] for
6.[A] protected [B] conserved [C] preserved [D] maintained
7.[A] right [B] perfect [C] exact [D] correct
8.[A] for [B] as [C] to [D] of
9.[A] to [B] in [C] by [D] with
10.[A] fell [B] delayed [C] lingered [D] lagged
解題思路
1.答案為B項(xiàng)。本題屬于近義詞辨異。選擇項(xiàng)A、B和D都有“包含,包括”之意,但它們的含意、側(cè)重和所指不盡相同。首先,include 多強(qiáng)調(diào)某一事物的整體包含或容納做為整體一部分的和各個(gè)獨(dú)立的部分,例如:The club includes a gym, swimming pool, sauna and locker room.(該俱樂(lè)部里有健身房、游泳池,桑拿及更衣室);contain指“包含,容納”,如:Sea water contains salt.(海水含有鹽分);involve是“包括”,含有必然包括之意,如:The execution of a scheme or plan involves the expenditure of much time and money.(執(zhí)行方案或計(jì)劃需要花許多時(shí)間和金錢(qián));enclose的詞意是“把…封住,把…圍住”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義,該題的正確答案選B。
2.答案為A項(xiàng)。該題仍是近義詞判斷。從文章的上下文來(lái)看,該句是指Salzburg包括有阿爾卑斯山脈Limestone山的一部分、西Salzkammergut的一些湖泊…等地區(qū),可見(jiàn)the Hohe Tauern 是奧地利境內(nèi)的山脈。range是“山脈”,可以是 a mountain range 或a range of mountains; mount 既可指“大山”(mountain),也可指“小山”(hill),在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中多用于詩(shī)歌或山峰名詞之前,略作Mt., 如Mt. Tai(泰山),Mt. Jolmolungma(珠穆朗瑪峰);mountain的復(fù)數(shù)形式也可指“山脈”,如:the Rocky Mountains(落基山脈) ,the Himalayan Mountains(喜馬拉雅山脈)。mountain的單數(shù)形式只指“大山、山丘”。從詞義來(lái)看,只有range搭配。extent指“廣度;程度”與上下文內(nèi)容毫不相干。
3.答案為C項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義都與“地點(diǎn)”有關(guān)聯(lián)。place為“位置、場(chǎng)所;地位”等;spot是“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)、地點(diǎn)”,尤指發(fā)生地或場(chǎng)所,如:This is the spot where the accident took place.(這就是出事的地方);seat意為“所有地;活動(dòng)中心”,如:In the US, Washington is the seat of government and New York City is the chief seat of commerce.(在美國(guó),華盛頓是政治中心,紐約是主要的商業(yè)中心);region多指“領(lǐng)域、范圍。從上下文語(yǔ)義上判斷,Salzburg城是省政府的所在地,也是Salzburg大主教管區(qū)。因此,答案選seat.
4.答案為D項(xiàng)。首先來(lái)判斷空缺處的詞性,應(yīng)該是副詞,盡管四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可作副詞,但從語(yǔ)義上看,只有D項(xiàng)符合。once意為“一度,曾經(jīng)”(at some time in the past)在句中與同位語(yǔ)the home of mozart一起作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),這種“副詞+同位語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),多用來(lái)充當(dāng)無(wú)動(dòng)詞分句中的一個(gè)成分的狀語(yǔ),像then, obviously, also,normally等均可與說(shuō)明性同位成分連用,例如:Your brother, obviously an expert on English grammar, is highly praised in the book I'm reading.(你哥哥顯然是位英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)家,他在我讀的這本書(shū)中受到高度贊揚(yáng))。 hence意為“因此,所以”,表示結(jié)果邏輯關(guān)系;thereby是“由此,從而”,多置于句中或句末,如:The strike closed the ports, thereby adversely affecting the international balance of payments.(罷工使那些港口關(guān)閉,由此必然會(huì)對(duì)國(guó)際收支差額產(chǎn)生不利影響);since作副詞用時(shí)多與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用,意為“從那時(shí)以后;后來(lái)”,如:This dam has since stood the trial of several floods.(從那時(shí)起水壩已經(jīng)受了幾次洪水的考驗(yàn))
5.答案為B項(xiàng)。該題屬于搭配及語(yǔ)義判斷題,從結(jié)構(gòu)上看四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是介詞,但從語(yǔ)義角度則不斷。develop to 是“發(fā)展到”,如:develop to a high degree of maturity(發(fā)展到高度成熟階段);develop into是“發(fā)展成為”,如:The manufacture has already developed into a large and flourishing industry.(該制造業(yè)已發(fā)展成為龐大而興旺的工業(yè));develop與 from搭配表示“從…發(fā)展而來(lái)”,如:Lung fever dervelops from flu.(肺炎由流感而引起),develop 與for不搭配。故從語(yǔ)義及詞組搭配來(lái)看,B是正確答案。
6.答案為C項(xiàng)。本句的語(yǔ)義是“老城區(qū)保存完好…”,根據(jù)語(yǔ)義,正確答案是preserve,它含有“保存(房舍、道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、場(chǎng)景等)”,如:These fine old houses should be preserved for the future.(為了將來(lái)應(yīng)該把這些漂亮的老房子保存好)。A項(xiàng)的protect指“保護(hù)”,多用于保護(hù)人免遭侵襲、危險(xiǎn)的傷害、保護(hù)植物免受自然條件的損壞等;B項(xiàng)的conserve多用于“保存”精力、力量、健康,也可用于保護(hù)自然資料,如:conserve natural resources(保護(hù)自然資源),conserve one's energy(保存精力);D項(xiàng)的maintain表示“保持,維護(hù),維修”等,特指保持速度、警惕性、聯(lián)系、友誼、作用等。
7.答案為A項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是表示程度的形容詞,詞義又相近。但是根據(jù)搭配結(jié)構(gòu)只有right正確。in one's own right是指“憑本身的權(quán)利(能力、實(shí)力、資格、質(zhì)量等)”,如:Vermouth, aromatized wine, is becoming popular in its own right.(味美思芳香酒憑其本身的質(zhì)量正日益成為大眾所愛(ài)飲用的名酒)
8.答案為B項(xiàng)。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看,四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)介詞都可與know搭配。首先,be known for表示“因…而眾所周知”,如:The place is knoum for its handicraft products.(這地方因其手工藝品而出名);be known as 含“被稱(chēng)為…;以…著稱(chēng)”之意;be known to是“為…所知”,如:I shouldn't trust him;he's known to the police.(我不應(yīng)該信任他,他是警察熟知的人物);know of 為“知道;聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)”,不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)短文的語(yǔ)義小城鎮(zhèn)如扎爾巴赫——欣特格萊姆、濱湖策爾、卡普隆,近年來(lái)已經(jīng)成為冬季體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中心而 聲名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng),因此,應(yīng)選be known as.
9.答案為C項(xiàng)。盡管四個(gè)選擇都為介詞,只有by與 with可以與 accompany 搭配。be accompanied by表示“由…伴隨;同時(shí)發(fā)生”,如:She was accompanied by her brother.(她由她兄弟陪同)A decreased income has been accompanied by increased expenditure.(收入有所減少,與此同時(shí)支出卻有所增加);be accompanied with是“帶有,兼有”,如:All orders must be accompanied with cash.(所有的定貨單必須隨附現(xiàn)金)。原文的句義是“隨著旅游業(yè)方面的迅速發(fā)展,其他專(zhuān)門(mén)化的工業(yè)部門(mén)也很快地發(fā)展起來(lái)”,根據(jù)句意,正確選項(xiàng)是C。
10.答案為D項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)義上可以排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。delay是“眈擱,延誤”而linger是“逗留,拖延”,如:He lingered in the garden until it was dark.(他在花園里一直徘徊到天黑)Daylight lingers on in the summertime.(在夏季,天遲遲不暗下來(lái))。從固定搭配上看,fall behind 可以指“落后,跟不上”,如:Thongh we marched quickly for ten miles, no one fell behind.(我們快速行軍了十英里,但沒(méi)有一個(gè)人掉隊(duì));lag behind也指“落后”,如:At first he lagged behind in the race, but soon he picked up speed and overtook the other contestants one by one.(比賽剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候,他落在后邊,但沒(méi)多久他就加快速度,把其他選手一一拋在后面)。盡管這兩個(gè)詞組意義相同,但是原文用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是過(guò)去分詞,而A項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞是fall的過(guò)去式,而不是過(guò)去分詞,因此,答案只有D項(xiàng)。
Sample 4. Customs officers at a London airport yesterday found & 500,000 worth of drugs which were being smuggled into Britain in boxes marked“Urgent Medical Supplies.”The authorities might have suspected for some time 1 drugs were being brought into the country in this way. The behaviour is believed to be the work of a 2 international group. Four men were arrested at the airport and held for questioning, 3 it is unlikely that they are the organizers. In fact they declared that they were 4 of what the boxes contained and had acted in good faith in bringing 5 into Britain.This is the third time in six months that attempts have been made to smuggle 6 goods through customs by declaring them to be medical supplies. They are frequently 7 in special containers and awarning is given that they may be 8 if they are not handled with care.We are determined to put a 9 to this practice, said one of the customs officers today. There is no way these people are going to get away 10 this any longer. We have the full cooperation of the International Police who are as anxious as we are to track down the main source of supply.
1.[A] what [B] where [C] although [D] when
2.[A] well constructed[B] welldesigned[C] wellcomposed[D] wellorganized
3.[A] but [B] so [C] because [D] as
4.[A] unconscious[B] unaware[C] unfamiliar [D] unknown
5.[A] all [B] it [C] them [D] such
6.[A] immoral [B] criminal [C] illegal [D] irregular
7.[A] parked [B] picked [C] passed [D] packed
8.[A] harmed [B] injured [C] damaged [D] hurt
9.[A] stop [B] hold [C] stay [D] step
10.[A] off [B] in [C] for [D] with
解題思路
1.答案為A項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)看,空缺處的詞和它后面的其他部分一起充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞suspect的賓語(yǔ),在這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中,空缺里的詞仍然充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),因此,要選擇連接代詞what,如:Don't put off till tomorrow what you can do today.(“今天能干的事情不要推動(dòng)明天”或“今天事今天做”)。連接代詞what在引導(dǎo)的名詞從句中可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。B項(xiàng)的where和D項(xiàng)的when都是連接副詞,在所引導(dǎo)的句中只能作狀語(yǔ),分別表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間,例如:where I go is none of your business.(我去哪與你沒(méi)關(guān)系)He did not say when he would return,but I presume he will be back for dinner.(他沒(méi)說(shuō)什么時(shí)候回來(lái),但我想他會(huì)回來(lái)吃晚餐的)。至于選項(xiàng)C,早就應(yīng)該排除,although作連詞只能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句而不能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。
2.答案為D項(xiàng)。該題必須從語(yǔ)義上加以判斷。句子中被修飾的名詞是international group,是一個(gè)組織。construct是“建造、構(gòu)筑”,可以說(shuō)“a wellconstructed building”,但不能修飾group; design為“設(shè)計(jì)、計(jì)劃”,可以是“a welldesigned building or dress”等,也不能修飾人;compose表示“組成、構(gòu)成”,所帶的賓語(yǔ)也只能是物,而不是人,如:a piece of wellcomposed music.只有 organize 一詞既可接人又可接物作其賓語(yǔ),a wellorganized international group是“一個(gè)組織良好的國(guó)際團(tuán)伙”。
3.答案為A項(xiàng)。該題考查考生對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的判斷。前半句提到“有四個(gè)人在機(jī)場(chǎng)被逮捕且接受審訊”,按常理講,這被逮捕的四個(gè)人肯定是“大魚(yú)”,可下半句卻是“it is unlikely that they are the organizers”,前后兩個(gè)句子之間的關(guān)系非常明顯,存在著轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系,因此,選擇but。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均表示因果邏輯關(guān)系,與原文語(yǔ)義不相符,故全部排除。
4.答案為B項(xiàng)。盡管四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都是形容詞,但從結(jié)構(gòu)上一看便知只有A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)符合,因?yàn)閡nconscious 和unaware能跟介詞“of”搭配, unfamilar可以接to或with; unknown只能接 to。從意義上講, be unconscious of表示“沒(méi)意識(shí)到的(一般指內(nèi)心所沒(méi)意識(shí)到的),如 He was unconscious of his mistake (他沒(méi)意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò));be unaware of是“不知道的,沒(méi)覺(jué)察到的”,一般用于感官可及的外界事物,如: He is unaware of the dangers of cigarette smoking.(他沒(méi)意識(shí)到抽煙的危害)。因此,無(wú)論從意義上還是語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上看,B項(xiàng)都符合該句的要求。
5.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題屬于指代關(guān)系的判斷,略讀原文我們便知那四個(gè)人“unaware of what the boxes contained”,他是受人之托把 “them”帶到了英國(guó),這里的“ them”肯定是指 boxes,換言之,空缺處要求填的代詞應(yīng)該是指 boxes。雖然四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是代詞,但all 指的是所有的人或物;it 是單數(shù);such更多是作為限定詞或與 as一起出現(xiàn)在句子里;而該句中上下文里明確指的就是那四個(gè)箱子,故選them。
6.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題屬于詞義辨析。immoral 是“不道德的”,criminal是“有罪的、犯罪的”,我們可以說(shuō)“immoral action”或“ criminal action”,但要說(shuō)“ immoral goods”或“ criminal goods ”顯然不妥。irregular是“不規(guī)則,不整齊的”,也不符合句意。文章一開(kāi)始便交待這個(gè)國(guó)際團(tuán)伙走私的是毒品,而毒品正是世界上各國(guó)視為違法的商品,因而販毒組織往往把毒品冒充其他商品通過(guò)海關(guān)走私, illegal是“非法的、不合法律的”,正好符合語(yǔ)意。
7.答案為D項(xiàng)。該題屬于詞形相近、而詞義不同的詞匯辨異題。park 作為動(dòng)詞講是指:“停放(車(chē)輛)”;pick是“采集、選擇”; pass 為“經(jīng)過(guò);行進(jìn)”;pack則為“包裝,擠滿;把…裝箱”,如:The trains are packed with holidaymakers.(火車(chē)上擠滿了度假的人) Pack your books in this box.(把你的書(shū)裝入這只箱子)。原文該句的意思是“這些違法的毒品經(jīng)常用特殊的箱子包裝”,因此,選用packed。
8.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題考查考生對(duì)這組近義詞的辨異能力。harm 的含義側(cè)重于“損害,傷害”,可指精神或肉體的傷害,程度較輕,如:Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light.(不要在暗淡的燈光下看書(shū)而傷害了眼睛);injure指“損害,受傷”,著重容貌、機(jī)能的損壞,例如: She was injured badly in the accident.(事故中她受了傷);damage意為“破壞,損壞”,如: Hundreds of houses were damaged by the storm.(暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了數(shù)百家房屋);hurt指“傷害;刺痛”,尤指在精神或肉體上的傷害,含有強(qiáng)烈的疼痛,例如:No feelings were hurt though the criticism was sharp.(批評(píng)雖然尖銳,卻未傷感情)。文中原句句意是:如果不小心搬運(yùn),就有可能弄壞這些東西,故從詞義上看,只有選項(xiàng)C最能表達(dá)此義。
9.答案為A項(xiàng)。該題屬于詞語(yǔ)搭配現(xiàn)象,put a stop to sth.是表示“使某事停下來(lái)或者結(jié)束某事”,實(shí)際上就是“ stop sth.”或“ make an end of sth.”例如:Let's put a stop to this dispute and discuss the problem rationally.(別再爭(zhēng)吵了,讓我們大 家理智地討論這一問(wèn)題吧)。其他三個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都不能同put構(gòu)成詞組。
10.答案為D項(xiàng)。本題仍是考查考生對(duì)詞組搭配知識(shí)的掌握,四個(gè)選擇的介詞能與get away搭配的只有D項(xiàng),get away表示“避開(kāi)(責(zé)備、懲罰或?yàn)?zāi)禍)而能順利行事”,例如:Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it.(那些撒謊和欺騙別人的人決不會(huì)逃過(guò)懲罰)The colonialists could never get away with the innumerable crimes they had committed against the oppressed people. (殖民主義者對(duì)被壓迫人民犯下了無(wú)數(shù)罪行,是絕對(duì)逃脫不了懲罰的)。其他三個(gè)介詞都不與get away搭配。
Sample 5.
The United States is wellknown for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. 1 these wide modern roads are generally smooth and well maintained, with few sharp curves and many straight 2 ,a direct route is not always the most 3 one. Large highways often pass by scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally 4 large urban centre which means that they become crowded with heavy traffic during rush hours, 5 the“fast, direct”way becomes a very slow route.
However there is 6 always another route to take if you are not in a hurry.Not far from the 7 new“superhighways”, there are often older, less heavily travelled roads which go through the countryside.Some of these are good twolaneroads; others are uneven roads 8 through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high 9 ,or down frightening hillsides to towns lying in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places 10 the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful,and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh,clean view of the world.
1.[A] Although [B] Since [C] Because [D] Therefore
2.[A] selections [B] separations[C] series [D] sections
3.[A] terrible [B] possible [C] enjoyable [D] profitable
4.[A] lead [B] connect [C] collect [D] communicate
5.[A] when [B] for [C] but [D] that
6.[A] yet [B] still [C] almost [D] quite
7.[A] relatively [B] regularly [C] respectively[D] reasonably
8.[A] driving [B] crossing [C] curving [D] travelling
9.[A] rocks [B] cliffs [C] roads [D] paths
10.[A] there [B] when [C] which [D] where
解題思路
1.答案為A項(xiàng)。從上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)看,應(yīng)該是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,上句是“these wide modern roads are generally smooth and well maintained…”,下句便是“a direct route is not always the most…”,顯然,主句與從句的內(nèi)容相駁,故選although。B項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng)都表示原因的邏輯關(guān)系,而其后的主句“a direct route is…”并不明顯地表示結(jié)果。D項(xiàng)表示結(jié)果,該詞應(yīng)該放在表示結(jié)果的分句之前,不能在沒(méi)有任何表示原因的情況下句子開(kāi)頭就用之表示結(jié)果。
2.答案為D項(xiàng)。從上文中我們得知:這些寬闊的現(xiàn)代公路都非常平整,保養(yǎng)良好,很少有急轉(zhuǎn)彎。由此,我們可以判斷section 符合上下文意義。section表示“路段,路面,部分”,例如:the northern section of the route(路的北段); seclection是指“挑選;挑選的東西”,如: The blue hat was her husband's selection.(藍(lán)帽子是她丈夫挑的),The shop offered a very good selection of hats.(這家店的帽子式樣很多);separation表示“分離,分開(kāi)”,如: He was unhappy because of his separation from his mother. (他因?yàn)榕c母親分離而不快);series是“系列;連續(xù)的事物”,如:a television series(電視系列片) a series of good harvests(連年的好收成)。前三項(xiàng)詞義與題義不符,故排除。
3.答案為C項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上看,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以填入空缺處。但從上下文分析,前兩項(xiàng)選擇明顯地不適合,因?yàn)槲恼乱婚_(kāi)始提到高速公路的一些優(yōu)點(diǎn),那么“直的路線”就不應(yīng)該是“terrible”。同樣,上文已經(jīng)提到高速公路有許多直的路段這一事實(shí),因此,也沒(méi)必要再考慮直的路段是否“possible”。profitable意為“有利可圖的,贏利的”,這里還看不出投資與收益的問(wèn)題,因而也談不上是否“profitable”。只有C項(xiàng)“enjoyable”最符合題意,作者的目的在于告訴我們:直的路線也并不總是那么令人愉快,事實(shí)上,作者接下去就具體談到了愉快的原因。
4.答案為B項(xiàng)。此題屬于詞義辨析,原文句意是指“這些高速公路基本都連接大的城市中心”,根據(jù)句意,選擇connect。lead表示引導(dǎo),常用于下列情況:lead the way (帶路),lead the world in the production of oil(在石油生產(chǎn)方面名列世界前茅),因此,不能說(shuō)“高速公路引導(dǎo)大的城市中心”,這有些不太合適。collect意為“收集,收藏”,與本文句意毫無(wú)關(guān)系。communicate作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)表示“傳達(dá),傳送”,用在該處也不合適。
5.答案為A項(xiàng)。此題是考查考生對(duì)句法結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握,剛一看似乎是上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,仔細(xì)推敲會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)。原來(lái)該句是定語(yǔ)從句中又套個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,空缺處的詞是個(gè)表示時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞。其先行詞是rush hours, 只有when能夠引導(dǎo)這個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。其他三個(gè)選擇也比較容易排除。首先,for表示因果關(guān)系,但是前后兩個(gè)句子之間顯然不是這種邏輯關(guān)系,更不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因此,也排除but;D項(xiàng)的 that可以作為連接代詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或作為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中不能作狀語(yǔ),故也不可能用在該空缺處。
6.答案為C項(xiàng)。該題可以從邏輯關(guān)系及搭配角度來(lái)判斷。雖然四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是副詞,但是能與always 搭配用的只有almost,例如:He is almost always late.(他幾乎總遲到)。yet表示轉(zhuǎn)折,如果用在此處勢(shì)必與 however的意義重復(fù);still與 quite又與 always不搭配,為此,只有選擇C項(xiàng)。
7.答案為A項(xiàng)。此題從詞義及詞形上考查考生的能力。四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都是副詞,A項(xiàng)的relatively意為“相對(duì)地,比較地”,例如:Today is a relatively fine day for the time of year.(今天算得上是這個(gè)季節(jié)里晴朗的一天);B項(xiàng)的regularly是“有規(guī)律地,均勻地”;C項(xiàng)
espectively指“各自地,分別地”,如:The first and second prizes went to Mary and Tom respectively.(瑪麗和湯姆分別得頭獎(jiǎng)和二獎(jiǎng))Mary and her sister were respectively 12 and 15 years old.(瑪麗12歲,她姐姐15歲);D項(xiàng)reasonably則表示“合理地;相當(dāng)”,如:The car is in reasonably good order.(這車(chē)相當(dāng)好)。了解了這些詞義之后,再聯(lián)系下文的“there are often older,less heavily travelled roads which go through the countryside.”我們不難看出,只有relatively用在此處最恰當(dāng),因此 ,答案選擇A項(xiàng)。
8.答案為B項(xiàng)。雖然四個(gè)選擇從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)角度講都可以填入空缺處,但從邏輯意義上分析則不然。A項(xiàng)driving 的主語(yǔ)往往是一個(gè)產(chǎn)生動(dòng)作的人或物,顯然此處的driving the roads講不通;curving從意義上講得通,但 curve一般與 round或 around 連用;travelling此處與 driving相似,表示的也是一個(gè)動(dòng)作,我們可以說(shuō)“The good news travelled quickly.”(喜訊迅速傳開(kāi)),但 travel 與road搭配不妥;只有 cross經(jīng)常與 through搭配,表示“通過(guò)”。
9.答案為B項(xiàng)。從上文語(yǔ)意來(lái)看,此處描寫(xiě)的是山區(qū)的公路,上句提到“These secondary routes may go up steep slopes”(這些次要公路上陡坡很多),下句的“ or down… hillsides…”都給我們提供了關(guān)鍵詞,那就是“ steep slopes”與“ deep valleys ”,從中我們可以判斷出空缺處的詞是對(duì)前半句的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,既然路向上延伸到陡峭的山坡,與懸崖cliff相伴的也就順理成章了。A項(xiàng)的route根本可以不予考慮;選項(xiàng)C詞義相近,在意義都跟前半句提到的route相似,均可以排除。
10.答案為D項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看空缺處的詞必須是連接前后兩個(gè)句子,那么首先可以排除A項(xiàng),因?yàn)閠here 不能起任何連接詞的作用。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)或關(guān)系代詞或是關(guān)系副詞,在句子中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,其先行詞是places,表示地點(diǎn),因而只能選擇關(guān)系副詞 where,在定語(yǔ)從詞中,where仍然作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。when盡管也是關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中只作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);而關(guān)系代詞 which在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。
Sample 6. Do some FL (Foreign Language) reading every day and try to finish one FL book at least every week. You are no doubt 1 ?with little spare time, and this may sound unrealistic.But if you read in the 2 described, it is perfectly possible. The key is to be honest with yourself about 3 you really enjoy: thrillers, women's magazines, newspapers-it really doesn't matter what you read as 4 as it genuinely interests you, because that is the only certain way to make yourself read. It is 5 to reach good speeds by practising on material that is difficult or dull.
If you pursue this program for only few months, you should achieve a very marked incerase in your reading 6 . What you do with your FL reading skill when you have developed it is to study for a further qualification. The 7 is that in order to develop the 8 ,a great deal of practice on easy interesting materials is essential. If you can 9 this to yourself by developing your own reading skill by this method, your teaching will carry the certainty that comes only from 10 .
1.[A] bored [B] helpless [C] free [D] busy
2.[A] key [B] problem [C] way [D] job
3.[A] which [B] when [C] who [D] what
4.[A] much [B] good [C] long [D] well
5.[A] impossible[B] possible [C] necessary[D] easy
6.[A] efficiency[B] effects [C] method [D] capacity
7.[A] question [B] point [C] idea [D] problem
8.[A] habit [B] idea [C] skill [D] task
9.[A] realize [B] tell [C] improve [D] prove
10.[A] work [B] experience [C] theory [D] doing
解題思路
1.答案為D項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)看,四個(gè)備選答案均可填入此處,但從上文“to finish one book at least every week”和下文“with little spare time”來(lái)分析,正確答案只有 busy,因?yàn)椤?with little spare time”是前一分句“ You are no doubt busy”的結(jié)果,這樣才前后呼應(yīng),符合上下文語(yǔ)義。其他三個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都不合適。
2.答案為C項(xiàng)。從句意及搭配來(lái)判斷,答案只有way, 因?yàn)樽髡咴谙挛拿枋龅氖侨绾巫龅侥茉谝恢軆?nèi)讀完一本外文書(shū),即“讀你真正喜歡的東西”,文章中“in the way described”起狀語(yǔ)作用,說(shuō)明以什么方式進(jìn)行閱讀。其他三項(xiàng)與句意均不相符。
3.答案為D項(xiàng)。首先可以排除B項(xiàng),因?yàn)樗皇且粋€(gè)副詞,在句子中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),而空格中的詞在句子中作賓語(yǔ)。which, who 和what都是代詞,但從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)分析,填入此處的詞必須符合兩個(gè)條件,既能引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句一起充當(dāng)介詞 about的賓語(yǔ),又能在從句中充當(dāng)enjoy的賓語(yǔ),這三項(xiàng)都符合第一個(gè)條件,但對(duì)第二個(gè)條件,只有 what符合,故選D項(xiàng)。
4.答案為C項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)及搭配知識(shí)方面判斷,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以與as…as搭配。但是閱讀整個(gè)句子,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)as…as結(jié)構(gòu)的前后兩部分里并沒(méi)有什么可比較的內(nèi)容,因此排除A、B兩項(xiàng),他們與as…as連用只表示“用…一樣多”及“同…一樣好”。as well as 表示“也,又”,如:“I bought a map of the world as well as some picture books.(我買(mǎi)了幾本連環(huán)畫(huà),還買(mǎi)了一張世界地圖)但是這一詞組連接的只能是詞或詞組,不能連接從句,故也排除,最后只剩D項(xiàng),as long as意為“只要;在…的情況下”,例如:This project can go on as long as it is not raining.(只要不下雨,工程就可以繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。)
5.答案為A項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)意及常識(shí)判斷,impossible是正確答案,因?yàn)橐岣咚俣?,不能靠通過(guò)練習(xí)難度大或枯燥無(wú)味的閱讀材料 (by practising on material that is difficult or dull),我們知道當(dāng)閱讀材料有難度時(shí),必須花相當(dāng)一部分時(shí)間查閱詞典,無(wú)疑這樣會(huì)影響速度,而乏味的材料會(huì)令讀者興趣索然,因此,就不可能通過(guò)這種方法達(dá)到較快的閱讀速度。那么,其他三項(xiàng)也就可以逐一排除。
6.答案為A項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)似乎都可以,可從短文的內(nèi)容上分析,第一段主要講了提高閱讀速度的方法:“閱讀自己真正感興趣而難度又不大的東西。如果這樣堅(jiān)持幾個(gè)月,你的閱讀速度肯定能得到顯著提高?!碧岣吡碎喿x速度,也就提高了閱讀效率,因此,offieiency用在此處最符合上下文語(yǔ)義。
7.答案為B項(xiàng)。該題也是測(cè)試考生對(duì)詞義及上下文語(yǔ)義的理解。上文講“what you do with your FL reading skill…is to study for a further qualification”,而接下去提出了發(fā)展這種閱讀技巧的要點(diǎn)所在,因此選B項(xiàng),point 在該處的意思是“the idea that is most essential”(要點(diǎn))。作者接下去并沒(méi)有指出發(fā)展外語(yǔ)閱讀技巧所存在的問(wèn)題,所以 question與 problem均不符合原意。
8.答案為C項(xiàng)。從詞義上分析,能與develop搭配用的詞只有idea和skill。 develop the idea 意為“展開(kāi)思想”,但從上下文我們得知,作者并不是要展開(kāi)他的思想,而是指發(fā)展閱讀技巧,關(guān)于這一點(diǎn),如果讀者細(xì)心,在上一句的“what you do with your FL reading skill…”就可以找到答案。能與habit 搭配的動(dòng)詞有cultivate, form, acquire等。同樣,可以說(shuō)fulfil the task, 但不能說(shuō)develop the tark,因此排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。
9.答案為D項(xiàng)。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,四個(gè)答案中,有兩項(xiàng)不可以,realize 和improve后面不能跟to yourself作為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象;tell后面可以跟to構(gòu)成“tell sth. to sb.”這一結(jié)構(gòu),但從意義上講,此處的this指的是上文的point,這樣,“對(duì)自己說(shuō)這一要點(diǎn)就太牽強(qiáng)”。作者在此處是提示讀者,如果按照他提出的這些方法進(jìn)行閱讀,就會(huì)證明他所敘述的都是事實(shí),prove用于該處既符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),又符合語(yǔ)義,不愧為最佳答案。
10.答案為B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)常識(shí)知識(shí)及實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)也可以做出判斷,常言道:“實(shí)踐出真知”,更何況在該段落中作者已交待過(guò)“The point is that in order to develop the skill, a great deal of practice on easy interesting materials is essential.”在這里,作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了實(shí)踐。我們知道,閱讀容易而有趣的材料能發(fā)展閱讀技巧,但這種閱讀技巧的獲得需要大量的練習(xí)。如果你能證明這一方法的重要性的話,你在教學(xué)中也會(huì)具有這種必然的活動(dòng),這種東西當(dāng)然不可能來(lái)自理論,應(yīng)該是來(lái)自實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),故選擇experiece.
Sample 7.
Cheques have 1 replaced money as a means of exchange, for they are widely 2 everywhere.Though this is very convenient for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheques are not real money: they are quite valueless in themselves. A shopkeeper always runs a certain 3 when he takes a cheque and he is quite within his rights if, on occasion, he refuses to do so.
People do not always know this and are shocked if their good is 4 in question. An old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience. He went to a famous jewellery shop which keeps a large 5 of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After 6 several necklaces, he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by cheque. The assistant said that this was quite all right,but the 7 my friend signed his name,he was invited into the manager's office.
The manager was very polite, but be explained that someone with exactly the same name had presented them with a worthless cheque not long ago. My friend got very angry when he heard this and said he would buy a necklace somewhere else. When he got up to go, the manager told him that the police would arrive at any moment and he had better stay unless he wanted to get into serious trouble. Sure enough, the police arrived soon afterwards. They apologized to my friend for the 8 , but explained that a person who had used the same name as his was 9 for a number of recent robberies. Then the police asked my friend to copy out a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shops. The note read:“I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe”. Fortunately, my friend's handwriting was quite unlike the robber's. He was not only 10 to go without further delay, but to take the string of pearls with him.
1.[A] exactly [B] really [C] largely [D] thoroughly
2.[A] circulated [B] accepted [C] approved [D] possessed
3.[A] danger [B] chance [C] risk [D] opportunity
4.[A] called [B] asked [C] challenged [D] placed
5.[A] amount [B] stock [C] counter [D] store
6.[A] investigating[B] discovering[C] choosing [D] examining
7.[A] cheque [B] tome [C] pen [D] moment
8.[A] treatment [B] manner [C] inconvenience[D] behaviour
9.[A] questionable [B] doubtful [C] possible [D] responsible
10.[A] ordered [B] allowed [C] forced [D] agreed
解題思路
1.答案為C項(xiàng)。此題考查考生對(duì)詞義及語(yǔ)義的掌握情況。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞語(yǔ)搭配上看,四個(gè)選擇都可填入空白處,經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真閱讀上下文,我們做出正確判斷。首先,支票不可能thoroughly(完全地、徹底地)取代現(xiàn)金作為支付手段,因?yàn)榈谝欢巫詈笠痪湔f(shuō)“ A shopkeeper… when he takes a cheque and… on occasion, he refuses to do so”(店主…必要時(shí)可拒收支票);再者,在第二段中,作者的朋友在選中項(xiàng)鏈后問(wèn)售貨員是否可以支付支票,這些都說(shuō)明支票尚未完全取代現(xiàn)金。另外,exactly和 really與上下文也不吻合。 只有l(wèi)argely(在很大程度上)符合題意,且在下文的“for they are widely…”也證明了這一點(diǎn)。
2.答案為B項(xiàng)。該題仍屬于詞義辨異。circulate 意為“傳播、散布、流通”,但根據(jù)上下文我們看不出支票可以作為貨幣廣泛流通,更不可能人人都擁有(possess)支票;至于approve顯然不符合上下文,因?yàn)檫壿嬌暇椭v不通。只有B項(xiàng)accepted無(wú)論從結(jié)構(gòu)還是意義上都說(shuō)得過(guò)去,該句說(shuō)明:由于各地普遍收支票,因此它已在很大程度上代替貨幣作為一 種支付手段。
3.答案為C項(xiàng)。本題屬于詞語(yǔ)搭配,run a risk表示“冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”,例如:I am afraid you are running a risk setting sail in such storm weather.(挑上這么個(gè)暴風(fēng)雨的天氣出航,你恐怕太冒險(xiǎn)了吧);與danger搭配的動(dòng)詞主要有 avoid, face, constitute 等;與chance搭配的動(dòng)詞常有“miss a chance”(錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)),risk a chance”(冒一次險(xiǎn)),“take one's chance”(碰運(yùn)氣);與opportunity搭配的動(dòng)詞主要有 afford, offer,catch, take等。
4.答案為A項(xiàng)。本題屬于詞語(yǔ)搭配,call in question 表示“懷疑,不相信”,如:Several people called in question the truth of his story.(有幾個(gè)對(duì)他所講的故事的真實(shí)性表示懷疑)His honesty has been called in question.(他的誠(chéng)實(shí)值得懷疑)ask, challenge 和place都不與 in question搭配,因此,只能選擇A項(xiàng),短文本句的意思是“…如果有人對(duì)他們的誠(chéng)實(shí)表示懷疑…”。
5.答案為B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)搭配情況,首先可以把A項(xiàng)排除,因?yàn)榭杖焙笏揎椀脑~stones 是可數(shù)名詞,而an amount of只修飾不可數(shù)名詞; counter 盡管具有迷惑性,但它不作修飾名詞的數(shù)量用;store是“貯藏,儲(chǔ)存”,例如“Mother has a store of vegetables in the freezer.(母親在冰箱里存放了蔬菜),但是,如果是 keep a store 會(huì)使人理解為“開(kāi)一家商店”,因此,也不符合原文題意。只有B項(xiàng)stock, 在keep a stock of中表示“備有…現(xiàn)貨”,用在空缺處比較合適。此外, out of stock 表示“缺貨”, in stock意為“存有貨物”;take stock of 是“盤(pán)貨,清點(diǎn)存貨”。
6.答案為D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)下文語(yǔ)意,選中examining, examine 釋義為“l(fā)ook at carefully in order to learn about”。investigate是“調(diào)查,審查”的意思,用在此處不當(dāng),可以說(shuō)to investigate a crime (調(diào)查犯罪案件)或 to investigate the causes of an accident(調(diào)查事故的原因), 可不能說(shuō)“調(diào)查項(xiàng)鏈”。discover 也明顯是為了湊數(shù),可不考慮。choose意為“挑選,選中”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“決定要買(mǎi)”,如果選 choose就會(huì)與下句“he decided to buy a particular fine string of pearls…”相矛盾。只有D項(xiàng)符合下文語(yǔ)意。
7.答案為D項(xiàng)。but 后的兩個(gè)句子是主句與分句的關(guān)系,顯然,它們之間缺少一個(gè)連接詞,使兩個(gè)句子有機(jī)地連在一起,moment 正好能起到這個(gè)作用,the moment 相當(dāng)于“as soon as”,例如:We hadn't met for 30 years, but I recognized him the moment I saw him.(我們已經(jīng)30年沒(méi)見(jiàn)面了,但我一看見(jiàn)他就認(rèn)出他了)the moment 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞,表示時(shí)間。原文本句的句意是“…但我朋友剛剛在支票上把名字簽好,就被售貨員請(qǐng)到了經(jīng)理辦公室”,其他三個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都不符合這種要求。
8.答案為C項(xiàng)。本題屬于詞義與語(yǔ)義辨析。文章中談到經(jīng)理沒(méi)讓作者的朋友離開(kāi),并叫來(lái)了警察。但從:The manager was very polite…”又排除了A、B和D項(xiàng),因?yàn)檫@三個(gè)選擇強(qiáng)調(diào)的都是待人的方式或態(tài)度。inconvenience 比較符合原文語(yǔ)意,它意為“instance of discomfort or trouble”,與原文很貼切,說(shuō)明“他們?yōu)榻o我朋友帶來(lái)了不便而道歉?!?
9.答案為D項(xiàng)。本題屬于詞語(yǔ)搭配,be responsible for sth. 表示“對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)或有責(zé)任”,如:Don't blame me for the mistake; I'm not responsible for it.(對(duì)于這一錯(cuò)誤你不要責(zé)備我,我對(duì)此毫無(wú)責(zé)任),D項(xiàng)比較符合原文語(yǔ)義。possible在作表語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用在It's possible that…句型中,不能用人來(lái)作主語(yǔ),因此排除。questionable 與doubtful不只在上下文語(yǔ)境不通,結(jié)構(gòu)也不通,故全部排除。
10.答案為B項(xiàng)。從結(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)判斷可以排除D項(xiàng),不可以使用“sb. is agreed to do sth.”這種結(jié)構(gòu)。其余三項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)均正確,但從上下文語(yǔ)義看,既然作者朋友的筆跡與強(qiáng)盜的筆跡相異,那么警察就應(yīng)當(dāng)允許他馬上離開(kāi),而不可能“命令”或“強(qiáng)迫”,A項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng)顯然不合邏輯。
Sample 8
When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were able to be effective on television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to 1 themselves to the new medium were technical. When working on radio, for example, they had become 2 to seeing on behalf of the listener. This 3 of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking. Above all, he has to be able to 4 a continuous sequence of visual images which 5 meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the 6 of television, however,the commentator sees everything with the viewer. His role, therefore, is completely different. He is there to make 7 that the viewer does not miss some point of interest,to help him focus on particular things, and to 8 the images on the television screen. Unlike his radio colleague, he must know the 9 of silence and how to use it at those moments 10 the pictures speak for themselves.(91年考題)
1.[A] turn [B] adapt [C] alter [D] modify
2.[A] experienced[B] determined[C] established[D] accustomed
3.[A] efficiency [B] technology[C] art [D] performance
4.[A] inspire [B] create [C] cause [D] perceive
5.[A] add [B] apply [C] affect [D] reflect
6.[A] occasion [B] event [C] fact [D] case
7.[A] definite [B] possible [C] sure [D] clear
8.[A] exhibit [B] demonstrate[C] expose[D] interpret
9.[A] purpose [B] goal [C] value [D] intention
10.[A] if [B] when [C] which [D] as
解題思路
1.答案為B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義及搭配結(jié)構(gòu)選擇adapt。 adapt(oneself) to 表示“適應(yīng),使自己適合某種情況”,例如:She found it difficult to adapt herself to her new surroundings.(她感到難于適應(yīng)她周?chē)男颅h(huán)境),又如: Your treatment of the subject should be adapted to your audience. (你對(duì)這個(gè)題目的闡述應(yīng)該適應(yīng)聽(tīng)眾的需要)文章的第一句就告訴我們:當(dāng)電視剛剛開(kāi)始發(fā)展時(shí),那些有名的電臺(tái)播音員中幾乎沒(méi)有幾個(gè)能夠在電視上應(yīng)付自如。這說(shuō)明從電臺(tái)播音到電視這一新形式需要一般適應(yīng)過(guò)程,無(wú)疑,adapt是正確答案。
2.答案為D項(xiàng)。本題考查考生對(duì)詞語(yǔ)搭配情況的掌握,“be/become accustomed to sth./doing sth.”是習(xí)語(yǔ)搭配,表示“習(xí)慣于…”,to為介詞,后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞,如:As we had been brought up in the country, we were accustomed to walking long distances.(由于我們?cè)卩l(xiāng)間長(zhǎng)大,我們習(xí)慣于走長(zhǎng)路)。原文空格處又恰好是“to seeing…”,完全符合要求。此外,accustom 也可以用作及物動(dòng)詞,如:A good traveller can accustom himself to almost any kind of food.”(一個(gè)出色的旅行者幾乎能習(xí)慣于任何一種食物),其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不搭配。
3.答案為C項(xiàng)。本題屬于詞義判斷,如果抓住句子的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系,問(wèn)題也就迎刃而解了??崭窈蟮慕樵~“of”表示其前后關(guān)系是同位關(guān)系,即“seeing for others”,它與空格處所填入的名詞表示同一個(gè)意思。例如:the game of cricket(板球比賽),the crime of larceny (盜竊罪),a charge of murder(控告謀殺)。短文中本句后半部提到播音員必須善于講話,也就是說(shuō),在聽(tīng)眾看不見(jiàn)的情況下談話是一門(mén)技巧(art),因此,選擇C項(xiàng)符合題意。某余三項(xiàng)詞義與語(yǔ)義均不符。
4.答案為B項(xiàng)。首先必須判斷哪一個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)能與賓語(yǔ)imagies搭配。A項(xiàng)的inspire 是“鼓舞,激勵(lì)”,常用在“inspire sb. with sth.”或“inspire sth.in sb.”結(jié)構(gòu)中,如:“We inspire hope, enthusiasm, etc., in a person/ inspire him with hope,enthusiasm, etc.”(我們激起某人的希望、熱情等等);cause常與trouble, accident, inconvenience 等名詞連用;perceive 是察覺(jué) =“become aware of ”,其后常接賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)從句。例如:The chef was able to perceive the most subtle seasoning used in any dish.(那位廚師能在任何菜中嘗出極細(xì)微的調(diào)味品)。這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞都不與image 搭配,只有B項(xiàng)create(塑造,描繪) 可與之搭配用,此外還有change, form, improve 等等,同樣可與image連用。
5.答案為A項(xiàng)。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)及語(yǔ)義作出的判斷。從結(jié)構(gòu)看,空白處的詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞,能與賓語(yǔ)“meaning”搭配,用于“~ sth. to sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中。雖然四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都是及物動(dòng)詞,但符合這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的只有前兩項(xiàng)。從上下文語(yǔ)義上看,apply(適用于,運(yùn)用)不合邏輯,而add 剛好切意,“add meaning to sounds”表示“使聲音變得有意義,有趣味”,如:The lake adds much to the beauty of the landscape. (湖泊使風(fēng)景增添秀色。) The dishonest milkman added water to his milk.(不誠(chéng)實(shí)的售奶人把水摻到他出售的牛奶里。)
6.答案為D項(xiàng)。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看只有B、D兩項(xiàng)可與in the ~ of搭配,“in the case of”意為“就某人、某事來(lái)說(shuō);至于”,例如:Poverty depresses most people in the case of my father was otherwise.(貧窮使大多數(shù)人垂頭喪氣,至于我父親,卻不一樣)。再如:Money talks. But in the case of me, it won't work.(錢(qián)能通神,可我卻不吃這一套);“in the event of…”表示“如果發(fā)生什么事”,比如:in the event of his death/war(如果他死了/發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))這一習(xí)語(yǔ)往往被用作一種隱晦難懂的話來(lái)代替由if 引起的簡(jiǎn)單從句,例如:“the event of its raining來(lái)代替if it rains。從語(yǔ)義來(lái)看,case符合題意。A項(xiàng)的occasion 常與介詞on或 at搭配;而C項(xiàng) fact則常用于 in fact, as a matter of fact, in point of fact等短語(yǔ)中。
7.答案為C項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選擇都是形容詞,但只有sure 可與動(dòng)詞make作謂語(yǔ),后接 that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,make sure相當(dāng)于 make certain ,本文表示“確保;保證”,例如:Before he left the room, he made sure that all the lights were turned off.(他確信所有的燈都關(guān)掉后才離開(kāi)房間)To make sure that the letter was delivered to the adderssee, I registered it.(為了保證信能收到,我把它掛號(hào)寄了) make sure/ certain還可能指“查明;弄清楚”。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)盡管都可與 make搭配,但都不能引導(dǎo)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
8.答案為D項(xiàng)。本題必須根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)義進(jìn)行詞匯辨析。exhibit 是“展覽、展出”,英文釋義為“to show publicly for pleasure, for sale. ”;demonstrate是“證明(通過(guò)示范);論證”;expose為“暴露,展示”,英語(yǔ)釋義為“display, spread out so that there is no difficulty in seeing”;interpret 意為“解釋?zhuān)话选斫鉃椤保⑽臑椤皌o show the meaning of sth. in words or by performance ”。原文的意思是:“幫助觀眾解釋屏幕上的畫(huà)面”,因此,interpret符合此義,如I interpret your silence as consent.(我把你的沉默理解為同意)。
9.答案為C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)義作出的判斷,“電視解說(shuō)員應(yīng)適當(dāng)保持沉默,特別是當(dāng)電視畫(huà)面無(wú)須解說(shuō)時(shí)。這就是沉默的價(jià)值(the value of silence)”。 purpose是“目的、意圖”;goal為“目標(biāo)、理解”,某種程度上與 purpose同義;intention是“意圖,打算”;“沉默”既非“目標(biāo)”,亦非“意圖”,但它有它的用途或價(jià)值,value正合此義。
10.答案為B項(xiàng)。本題涉及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí),也測(cè)試考生對(duì)于上下文邏輯關(guān)系的判斷。本句是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,其先行詞為表示時(shí)間的介詞短語(yǔ)at the moment, 在這種情況,能夠引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的只有關(guān)系副詞when。因此,選擇B項(xiàng)。如果選if,句意上前后沒(méi)聯(lián)系,即后面的條件并不產(chǎn)生前面的結(jié)果;關(guān)系代詞 which在定語(yǔ)從句中不能作狀語(yǔ);as作連語(yǔ)本身就等于at the moment,故這三項(xiàng)都可排除。
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