Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister
重點詞組
1. have fun 過得愉快
2. get up起床
3. work hard努力學(xué)習/工作
4. as...as... 和…一樣
5. care about關(guān)心，在意
6. as long as只要，既然
7. bring out使顯現(xiàn)， 使表現(xiàn)出
8. be similar to與…相像的/類似的
9. primary school 小學(xué)
10. be good at= do well in擅長
11. play the drum打鼓
12. make friends交朋友
13. be different from與…不同/有差異
14. the same as與…相同/一致
15. in fact確切地說；事實上；實際上
16. talk about談?wù)?br style="font-family: Simsun; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28.8px; background-color: rgb(237, 240, 245);">17. have good grades取得好成績
18. be good with 與…相處得好
19. call sb at+ 號碼 撥打號碼給某人
20. make sb laugh 使某人發(fā)笑
重點句型
1. I’m more outgoing than my sister.我比我妹妹更外向。
2. Who’s more hard-working at school?在學(xué)校誰比較勤奮。
3. The most important thing is to learn something and have fun. 最重要的事是學(xué)到東西，并過得快樂。
4. Who os smarter, your mother or your father? 你媽媽和你爸爸誰更聰明？
重點解析：
1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drum, but Sam plays them better than Tom.
(1) both adj./pron. 兩者（都）…，用在be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，實義動詞之前。
We should both thank Tom.我們兩個都應(yīng)該感謝湯姆。
both單獨作主語時，其謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式
Both are smart.兩個人都聰明。
both作不定代詞，常用of連用，后接名詞或代詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，接名詞時名詞前需有定冠詞the或形容詞性物
主代詞my, her, his或名詞所有格等
Both of us come from the countryside.我們倆都來自農(nóng)村。
Both of her children have blue eys.她的兩個孩子都是藍眼睛。
both作限定詞，用在定冠詞the、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格前，意為“兩者的，雙方的”
Both the books are expensive.兩本書都很貴。
注意：
A. both表示“兩者都…”， all 表示“（三者或三者以上的人/物）都…”
B. not both或not all都表示部分否定，表示“并非兩者/所有都…”
C. both...and...“又…又…”“既…又…”，一般連接對等的短語或從句，相當于not only...but also...
其否定形式為neither...nor...“既不…也不…”
Both Lucy and Lily are having supper.露西和莉莉都在吃晚餐。
2. But you can tell that Lisa practiced a lot more and really wanted to win.
(1) more在這里是much的比較級，在比較級前面加a lot, a little, much, a bit, still, even, far等可以用來修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級，表示程度，起強調(diào)作用。
My room is a little smaller than yours.我的房間比你的稍小一點兒。
(2) win v.“獲得，贏，贏得”，過去式和過去分詞都為won.
(3) 辨析win & beat
win意為“獲得，贏，贏得”，后接比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、辯論、獎品、錢等，可以是事或者物。
Which tem do you think will win the basketball match this time?你認為哪個隊會在這次籃球賽中取勝呢？
beat以為“打敗，戰(zhàn)勝”，后接比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、辯論等的對手，可以是人或集體。
I can beat you at swimming.在游泳方面我能擊敗你。
3. Are you as friendly as your sister?
(1) friendly adj. 友好的。 be friendly to sb 對某人態(tài)度友好
Every student in our class is friendly to the new comer.我們班每個同學(xué)對這位新同學(xué)都很友好。
(2) “as + 形容詞/副詞原級+ as ”意為“與…一樣”，表示兩者在某方面程度相同。
“as + 形容詞/副詞原級+ as ”表示“甲方在某方面不及乙方”
Tom is as taller as his father.湯姆和他爸爸一樣高。
Japanese is not as important as English. 日語不及英語重要。
=Japanese is less important than English./ English is more important than Japanese.
4. Tina thinks she works harder than me.
(1) work hard努力工作/學(xué)習， hard work艱苦的工作， hard-working adj. 工作努力的，辛勤的
He work hard at English and he ia s hard-working student.他努力學(xué)習英語，他是一個勤奮的好學(xué)生。
(2) she works harder than me作think 的賓語，是賓語從句，賓語從句要用陳述語序。
I don’t know what her name is.我不知道她叫什么名字。
5. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
(1) make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
使役動詞make /let 和see /hear /watch等感官動詞都接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。
My teacher makes me do my homework every day.我老師每天都讓我做家庭作業(yè)。
(2) laugh v. 笑 & n. 笑；笑聲
He laughs best who laughs last. 誰笑在最后，誰笑得最好。/不要高興得太早。
We had a good laugh at his joke. 我們被他的笑話逗得哈哈大笑。
laugh at 嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him. 別嘲笑他。
6. For me , a good friend likes to do the same things as me .
(1) for pron. 對于
(2) like to do sth. = would like to do .喜歡做某事，但并非興趣愛好。 He likes to get up early in the moringl.
like doing 特指興趣愛好。 He likes playing basketball.他喜歡打籃球。
(3) the same as 和…相同， 反義詞組為 be different from和…不同
Your pen is the same as mine.你的鋼筆和我的一樣。
10. I’m shy, so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
(1) It is + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. 句型中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是動詞不定式，sb為名詞或代詞的賓格形式。
詞句中的形容詞主要有：easy, hard, difficult, important, interesting等
It’s better for you to live alone for some time.你單獨住一段時間更好些。
It is + adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth. 句型中的形容詞表示人的性格與品質(zhì)，主要有：kind, good, nice, wrong等
It is very nice of you to give me such a good present for my birthday.你給我這么好的禮物真是太好了。
(2) make friends交朋友
11. But I think friends are like books -- you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.
(1) as long as“只要…”“既然…”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保護下，我們就會平安無事。
As long as it doesn’t rain we can go. 只要不下雨，我們就可以去。
(2) as long as “與…一樣長/久”
The river is as long as that one.這條河與那條河一樣長。
12. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.
(1) bring out“使…顯現(xiàn)”“使…表現(xiàn)出”
Difficulties can bring out a person’s best qualities. 艱難困苦方能顯示出一個人的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。
(2) bring out“拿出，帶出，出版，生產(chǎn)”之意
Please bing out your cameras and take some pictures.請拿出相機照相。
13. I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids in my class.
辨析：another, one...the other..., the others, some...others
(1) another：指同類事物（三者或三者以上）的另一個，“another+ 基數(shù)詞”= “基數(shù)詞+ more”表示“再幾個”
I don’t like this book; please give me another one.我不喜歡這本書，請給我另外一本。
(2) one... the other...：兩者中的“一個…，另一個…”、
I have two pens; one is red, the other is blue.我有兩只鋼筆。一只是紅的，另一只是藍的。
(3) the others強調(diào)在一定范圍內(nèi)的“其他全部”。
There are twenty pencils in my box. Five are yours, the others are mine.
我的盒子里有20支鉛筆，5支是你的，其余都是我的
(4) some...others表示“事物中的一部分，不確定的另一部分”（并非是全部）
Some cleaned the windows; others mopped the floor.有的擦窗戶，有的擦地板。
注意：other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞= others
14. A friend who is similar to me.
(1) be similar to 與…相似
(2) who is similar to me是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞a friend是人，故關(guān)系詞用who，定從中的謂語動詞與先行詞一致，故用is.
The teacher who teaches us English is from the USA.教我們英語的老師是美國人。
重點語法：形容詞的比較級
1. 定義：
形容詞、副詞有三個級：原級(Positive Degree)，比較級(Comparative Degree)和最高級(Superlative Degree)。
英語中，表示兩者（人或物）相比較時，就要用形容詞的比較級。
2. 形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成。
(1)單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞
①一般在詞尾加-er
tall -- taller cold -- colder
②以e結(jié)尾的只加-r
nice -- nicer large -- larger
③以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，先變y為i，再加-er
heavy -- heavier easy -- easier busy -- busier funny -- funnier early -- earlier
④以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞（輔元輔），先雙寫最末的一個輔音字母，再加er
hot -- hotter wet -- wetter big -- bigger fat -- fatter thin -- thinner
口訣：熱死大胖子和瘦子
(2)多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞前直接加more為比較級
athletic -- more athletic popular -- more popular careful -- more careful \
(3)不規(guī)則變化的詞
原級 比較級 最高級
good好的 better更好的 best最好的
well好；(身體)好的,
bad, badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身體)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身體)最不舒服的
ill(身體)不舒服的
many許多的(可數(shù)) more更多的；更 most最多的；最
much許多的(不可數(shù))；非常
little少的 less更少的 least最少的
old 舊的，年齡大的 older更舊的，年齡更大的 oldest 最舊的，年齡最大的
elder親屬關(guān)系中比較年長的 eldest親屬關(guān)系中最年長的
far遠的；遠地 farther更遠的；更遠地 farthest最遠的；最遠地
further進一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地)
3. 形容詞比較級的用法
比較級用于兩者之間的比較
①表示兩者“相等”用“as+形容詞原級+as+比較對象”。
He is as tall as his mother．
English is as interesting as math.
②表示“不如”或“不相等”用“not +as／so+形容詞原級+as+比較對象”或“l(fā)ess + 形容詞 + than”
It is not so／as cold today as yesterday．
Jack is not so/as tall as Tom.
English is less important than Chinese.
③表示倍數(shù)，如“一半／兩倍/3倍／4倍／……”等用“half／twice／three／four／…times +as…as…”結(jié)構(gòu)。
I study twice as hard as you．
This room is three times as large as that one.
④用“形容詞比較級+than引導(dǎo)的從句”進行兩者的比較。
The earth is bigger than the moon．
This dress is more expensive than that one.
⑤強調(diào)比較級超出比較程度時，形容詞的比較級前可用much，far，a lot，still，no，a little，even，any,等狀語來修飾。
My brother is much older than I.
This bike is far better than that one.
⑥由and連接同一個形容詞的兩個比較級，可以表示“越來越……”。
I’m getting fatter and fatter．
I think English is becoming more and more difficult.
⑦用“the+比較級…+the+比較級…”，表示“越……就越……”。
The more you read，the more knowledge you will get．
The less junk food you eat, the healthier you feel.
⑧當比較的雙方屬于同一范圍內(nèi)時候，用other或者else排除自己，因為自己不能和自己比較。
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中國其他的城市大。
如果比較的雙方不屬于同一范圍內(nèi)時候，則不存在和自己比較的情況，所以可以不用other或者else。
Shanghai is bigger than any city in Heilongjiang. 上海比黑龍江的任何城市都大。
⑨使用比較級時，前后兩個比較項要保持一致，若前一個比較項是不可數(shù)名詞，則后一個比較項可為替代詞that;如果前一個比較項是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，則后一個比較項可為替代詞those
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
The student of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater
一、詞組、短語：
1、so far 到目前為止，迄今為止 ，
2、no problem 沒什么，別客氣，
3、have….in common
有相同特征（想法、興趣等方面）相同，
4、be up to由…決定/是…的職責，
5、all kinds of …各種各樣的…… ，
6、play a role 發(fā)揮作用，有影響
7、make up 編造（故事、謊言等），
8、for example=eg例如，
9、take …..seriously 認真對待 ，
10、not everybody并不是每個人，
11、close to 離….近 ，
12、more and more 越來越……
二、重要句子（語法）
It has the biggest screens.
1. The DJs choose songs the most carefully.
2. How do you like it so far? 到目前為止，你認為它怎么樣？
3. Thanks for telling me.多謝你告訴我。 forget telling me忘記告訴我
4. Can I ask you some questions?我能問你一些問題嗎？
5. （1）It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒服的座位。
（2）The DJs choose songs the most carefully.那些音樂節(jié)目主持人們選擇歌曲最細致。
（1）How do you like it so far? 到目前為止你認為它怎么樣？
（2）Thanks for telling me. 謝謝告訴我。
（3）Which is the worst clothes store in town?
城鎮(zhèn)里最差的服裝店是哪一家？
6. Everyone is good at something. 每個人都各有所長。
7. It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.觀看別人展示他們的天賦總是很有趣。
8. All these shows have one thing in common.所有這些節(jié)目有一個共同之處。
9. That’s up to you to decide. 這由你來決定。
10. However, and everybody enjoys watching these shows.然而，并不是所有的人都喜歡看這些節(jié)目。
三、習慣用法、搭配
1、Can I ask you some……. 2、How do you like……. 你認為……怎么樣
3、Thanks for doing sth. 4、What do you think of ……..
5、much + 形容詞或副詞比較級 …….得多 6、watch sb do sth 觀看某人做某事
7、play a role in doing sth.發(fā)揮做某事的作用 8、one of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) …..之一……
語法：
What’s the best movie theater to go to ? Town Cinema. It’s the closest to home. And you can buy tickets the most quickly there?
Which is the worst clothes store in town? Dream Clothes. It’s worse than Blue Moon. It has the worst service.
What do you think of 970 AM? I think 970 AM is pretty bad. It has worst music.
1.What’s the best clothes store in town?城里最好的的服裝店是哪家？
I think Miller’s is the best.(否定句) ----I don’t think Miller’s is the best.我覺得米勒的服裝店(不)是最好的。
①此句中best 是good 的最高級形式，其前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。
②in town 在城鎮(zhèn)，town前加不加任何冠詞或修飾成分。in the city 在城市， in the country在鄉(xiāng)村；在農(nóng) 村。City/country 前加定冠詞the。例如：
Do you like living in town or in the city?你喜歡住在城鎮(zhèn)還是住在城市里？
③此句中 Miller’s 是名詞所有格的形式，表示場所、店鋪等意義。例如：
the barber’s 理發(fā)店 the doctor’s 診所 my uncle’s 我叔叔家
④clothes 本身是復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。Clothing 是復(fù)合名詞，衣服的總稱，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。例如：
The clothes in that shop are expensive. 那家店的衣服貴。
All the clothing in the shop is very cheap. 這家店里的衣服很便宜。
(1) What’s _______ (good) clothing store in town?
(2) Who is _______ (short),Ann, Sally _______ or Mary?
(3)Among the three boys he works the _______ . A. hard B.harder C.hardest D.most hard
(4)Michael is taller than any other student in his class.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）
Michael is _______ _______ _______ in his class.
(5)你認為誰是最佳表演者？ Who do you think is _______ _______ _______ ?
2.It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒適的座位。
You can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.因為它們有最大的座位所以你可以坐得最舒服。
①comfortable 為形容詞，意為“舒適的”，用來修飾seats。most comfortable 是它的最高級形式，在句中使用時，要在其最高級前加the.
② Comfortably 為comfortable的副詞，意為“舒服地；舒適地”，用來修飾它前面的sit,即副詞修飾動詞之后，most comfortable 是它的最高級形式。在句中使用時，其最高級前可以加the也可以不加。
[拓展]類似的詞在本單元還有許多。例如： beautiful－beautifully，cheap－cheaply，careful－carefully等
③ －There are ___________seats in Town Cinema.
－Yes, you can sit there ____________ .(comfortable)
④ －Can you buy clothes the most ?
－Yes, I can buy the _______ clothes.(cheap)
⑤ He is a _______ man, he does everything __________ . (careful)
⑥ Tom sings _________in his class. He can sing many________ songs .(beautiful)
⑦－Did your father have a __________ breakfast this morning?
－Yes, he had breakfast__________. (quick)
3.It’s the closest to home. 它離家最近。
（1）close 在此句中為形容詞，意為“近的，接近的”，既可指時間，也可以指空間上的。closest 為形容詞 close的最高級形式。其反義詞為far, 近義詞為near。在表達“離……近”時用（be）close to 結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
The post office is close to the park. 郵局離公園近。 He sat close to us. 他挨著我們坐。
[拓展] ① close與near都意為“近的”，但close比near表達的距離更近，相當于very near，可以近至幾乎相接觸，而near意為“附近的；鄰近的。”
例如：My home is near our school.我家離我們學(xué)校很近。
② close還是一個動詞，意為“關(guān)；關(guān)閉”。其反義詞為open。例如：
Please close the windows before leaving. 離開前請將窗戶關(guān)上。
Don’t close your eyes, please. 請不要閉上眼睛。
（2）home 在這里為名詞，意為“家”，包含“愛；溫暖；舒適；安全”等意義，通常不用冠詞修飾,也常指人的出生地。但平時的Home為副詞。例如：
Home is where the heart is.心在哪里，哪里就是家。
He regards Shenyang as the second home. 他把沈陽作為他的第二個家鄉(xiāng)。
On one’s way home 在某人回家的路上 on one’s way to school 在某人上學(xué)的路上
get home arrive home Welcome back home
① The store is the __________my home. I often do shopping in it.A. Near B.closest C.farthest D.closes
② －David ,where do you live?
－It’s__________ Taishan.A. close from B.closing to C.close to D.far to
③ My home is __________our school, so I have to take the bus.A.far from B.closed to C. far to D .near.
4.It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.觀看別人展示他們的天賦總是很有趣。
①It’s interesting to do sth. 意思是 “做某事有趣”， 它是It’s +adj+to do sth.句型的一種形式，it 作形式主語，to do sth.是真正的主語。例如：
It’s very interesting to play computer games.玩電腦游戲很有趣。
② watch 在句中是感官動詞。watch sb.do sth. 意為“觀看某人做了某事或經(jīng)常觀看某人做某事”，強調(diào)“觀看 動作的全過程”。例如：
I watched them play football the whole afternoon.整個下午我在看他們踢足球。
watch sb.doing sth. 則表示“觀看某人正在做某事”強調(diào)“動作正在進行”。例如：
I’m watching them playing football. 我正在觀看他們踢足球。
hear，see, feel, notice 等感官動詞的用法與watch一致。例如：
I saw him get on the bus. 我看見他上了公共汽車。（動作已完成）
I saw him getting on the bus. 我看見他正在上公共汽車。（動作正在進行)
③ I saw my father__________ . It made me __________better.
A.smiling; to feel B.smile; feeling C.smile ; feel D.smile; to feel
④. The young woman watched her daughter_________ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon.
A.to play B.to play with C.playing with D.played
⑤ I often hear her__________ in the room.A.sing B.sang C.singing D.to sing
⑥ It’s nice of you __________me with my math. A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
