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MyCAT 可以視為“MySQL”集群的企業(yè)級數(shù)據(jù)庫，用來替代昂貴的Oracle集群，其背后是阿里曾經(jīng)開源的知名產(chǎn)品Cobar。MyCAT的目標(biāo)是：低成本的將現(xiàn)有的單機數(shù)據(jù)庫和應(yīng)用平滑遷移到“云”端，解決數(shù)據(jù)存儲和業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模迅速增長情況下的數(shù)據(jù)瓶頸問題。

一、部署步驟詳解

  (1) 用命令行工具或圖形化客戶端，連接mysql，創(chuàng)建DEMO所用三個分片數(shù)據(jù)庫；
 CREATE database db1;
 CREATE database db2;
 CREATE database db3;

  (2) 修改my.inf新增以下語句，my.inf 一般會放在/etc/my.cnf 或 /etc/mysql/my.cnf，設(shè)置為Mysql大小寫不敏感，否則可能會發(fā)生表找不到的問題。
 lower_case_table_names = 1

  (3) 解壓Mycat-server-1.3.0.2-20150105144205-Linux.tar.gz 到/usr/local/mycat

  (4) 解壓jdk-7u65-linux-i586.gz，拷貝jdk1.7.0_65 到/usr/local/mycat/

  (5) 修改/usr/local/conf/wrap.conf 修改wrapper.Java.command=java為上一步存放路徑
 wrapper.java.command=/usr/local/mycat/jdk1.7.0/bin/java

  (6) 創(chuàng)建mycat 用戶，改變目錄權(quán)限為mycat
 useradd mycat
 chown -R mycat.mycat /usr/local/mycat

  (7) 修改用戶密碼
 passwd mycat
 輸入：

  (8) 修改/usr/local/conf/schema.xml，URL、用戶名、密碼修改，其余不變
 <writeHost host="hostM1" url="10.1.176.104:3306" user="root"
                        password="

二、運行步驟詳解

  (1) 進入 /usr/local/mycat/bin （默認數(shù)據(jù)端口為8066，管理端口為9066）
 執(zhí)行./mycat start

  (2) 進入logs目錄，查看日志，如果wrapper.log 報錯 java.NET.BindException: Address already in use 殺掉正在執(zhí)行的相關(guān)java進程
 ps -ef|grep java
 kill -9 xxx

三、使用步驟詳解
  (1) 進入mysql bin目錄/usr/local/mysql/bin/

  (2) 登錄mysql 執(zhí)行以下命令
 ./mysql -utest -ptest -h10.1.176.104 -P8066 -DTESTDB
 
 (mycat的用戶賬號和授權(quán)信息是在conf/server.xml文件中配置)

  (3) 表創(chuàng)建測試：
 
 mysql> create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int not null);
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.30 sec)

 mysql> explain create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int not null);
 +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | DATA_NODE | SQL                                                                                            |
 +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | dn1       | create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int not null) |
 | dn2       | create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int not null) |
 +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 2 rows in set (0.04 sec)

  (4) 客戶端軟件使用：navicat

 創(chuàng)建mycat新連接：ip：10.1.176.104，用戶名：test，密碼：test，端口：8066
 可看到TESTDB數(shù)據(jù)庫下已創(chuàng)建表：employee

 打開db1，db2 數(shù)據(jù)庫也可看到已創(chuàng)建表employee

  (5) 插入數(shù)據(jù)測試
 mysql> insert into employee(id,name,sharding_id) values(1,'leader us',10000);
 ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
 No connection. Trying to reconnect...
 Connection id:    6
 Current database: TESTDB

 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

 mysql> explain insert into employee(id,name,sharding_id) values(1,'leader us',10000);
 +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | DATA_NODE | SQL                                                                   |
 +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | dn1       | insert into employee(id,name,sharding_id) values(1,'leader us',10000) |
 +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
  (6) 根據(jù)規(guī)則auto-sharding-long（主鍵范圍）進行分片測試
 mysql> explain create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
 +-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | DATA_NODE | SQL                                                                 |
 +-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | dn1       | create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100)) |
 | dn2       | create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100)) |
 | dn3       | create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100)) |
 +-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

  (7) 三個分片上都插入了3條數(shù)據(jù)
 mysql> explain insert into company(id,name) values(1,'hp');
 +-----------+---------------------------------------------+
 | DATA_NODE | SQL                                         |
 +-----------+---------------------------------------------+
 | dn1       | insert into company(id,name) values(1,'hp') |
 | dn2       | insert into company(id,name) values(1,'hp') |
 | dn3       | insert into company(id,name) values(1,'hp') |
 +-----------+---------------------------------------------+
 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  (8) 確認是分片存儲
 
 mysql> select * from employee;
 +----+-----------+-------------+
 | id | name      | sharding_id |
 +----+-----------+-------------+
 |  2 | me        |       10010 |
 |  4 | mydog     |       10010 |
 |  1 | leader us |       10000 |
 |  3 | mycat     |       10000 |
 +----+-----------+-------------+
 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 mysql> explain select * from employee;
 +-----------+----------------------------------+
 | DATA_NODE | SQL                              |
 +-----------+----------------------------------+
 | dn1       | SELECT * FROM employee LIMIT 100 |
 | dn2       | SELECT * FROM employee LIMIT 100 |
 +-----------+----------------------------------+
 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)