轉(zhuǎn)載注明出處： http://www.cnblogs.com/wade-xu/p/4298819.html
這里向大家介紹一個測試Restful web service 的框架，叫Rest-assured.
他提供了一系列好的功能，像DSL式的語法， XPath-Validate, 文件上傳，Specification重用， 使用代理， Spring MVC mock module測試Controllers等等，讓你在Java里面測試Rest service 和那些動態(tài)語言Ruby, Groovy一樣靈活。
目錄 1. 前提 2. 配置 3. Example詳解
4. Troubleshooting 5. 參考來源
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jayway.restassured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
a) 測試一個GET 請求方法，
請求URL : http://10.46.28.193:8080/service/v1/user/login
返回JSON內(nèi)容如下
{ "userInfo": { "password": null, "userId": "wadexu", "accessSecurityCodes": "10000000000000000000", "firstName": "Wade", "lastName": "Xu", "status": 8, "officePhone": "58730", "email": "wadexu@test.com", "homePhone": "123" }, "success": true, "error": null}
測試代碼如下：
@Before public void setUp() { RestAssured.baseURI= "http://10.46.28.193"; RestAssured.port = 8080; RestAssured.basePath = "/service/v1"; } @Test public void testUserLogin() { expect(). statusCode(200). body( "success", equalTo(true), "userInfo.userId", equalTo("wadexu"), "userInfo.firstName", equalTo("Wade"), "userInfo.lastName", equalTo("Xu"), "error", equalTo(null)). when(). get("/user/login?userName=wadexu&password=NzrmRcIfIW4="); }注意我這里請求時的參數(shù)直接塞進(jìn)了URL里， 稍后會講到如何指明參數(shù)。
b) 如何使用JSON path
還是同上面的例子， 測試代碼如下：
@Test public void testUserLogin_JsonPath() { Response response = get("/user/login?userName=wadexu&password=NzrmRcIfIW4="); assertEquals(200, response.getStatusCode()); String json = response.asString(); JsonPath jp = new JsonPath(json); assertEquals("wadexu", jp.get("userInfo.userId")); assertEquals("Wade", jp.get("userInfo.firstName")); assertEquals("Xu", jp.get("userInfo.lastName")); assertEquals("123", jp.get("userInfo.homePhone")); }
c) 如何使用參數(shù)
Get請求是用queryParam， 如果你直接寫param，在這個case里也可以，Rest Assured 會自動判斷參數(shù)類型(query or form parameter)， 在有些case里， Put 或 Post 你得指明參數(shù)類型
@Test public void testUserLogin_Parameter() { final String userName = "wadexu"; final String password = "NzrmRcIfIW4="; given(). queryParam("userName", userName).queryParam("password", password). expect(). statusCode(200). body("success", equalTo(true), "userInfo.userId", equalTo("wadexu"), "userInfo.firstName", equalTo("Wade"), "userInfo.lastName", equalTo("Xu"), "error", equalTo(null)).when() .get("/user/login"); }
另外，有些Post 請求URL后面是有參數(shù)的， 這時候 你可以這樣寫
post("/reserve/{hotelId}/{roomNumber}", "My Hotel", 23);
或者
given(). pathParam("hotelId", "My Hotel"). pathParam("roomNumber", 23).when(). post("/reserve/{hotelId}/{roomNumber}").then(). ..
d) 再來看一個POST 請求， 這時候需要請求消息體body了，request body是JSON體如下:
{
"customerId": "CDICC",
"broker": "test",
"editUserId": "wadexu"
}
測試代碼：
@Test public void testCreate() { final String bodyString = "{\"customerId\": \"CDICC\",\"broker\": \"test\",\"editUserId\": \"wadexu\"}"; given(). contentType("application/json"). request().body(bodyString). expect(). statusCode(200). body( "order.orderNumber", is(Number.class), "order.deleteDate", is(nullValue()), "success", equalTo(true)). when(). post("/order"); }
這時除了用到request().body
還多加了一個header 請求消息頭 -- ContentType
set Headers 的方法有很多， 上面是其一， 你還可以按如下方式做：
given().header("Content-Type", "application/json")given().headers("Accept", "application/json", "Content-Type", "application/json")另外 注意到期望結(jié)果的比較沒有， 這里用到org.hamcrest.Matchers的一些方法， 因?yàn)镺rder number 每次不一樣，無法判斷具體是多少，所以就看是否是數(shù)字就行了，刪除日期是null value
hamcrest.Matchers 里的各種匹配器有興趣的童鞋可以研究下, 對測試斷言很有幫助。
轉(zhuǎn)載注明出處： http://www.cnblogs.com/wade-xu/p/4298819.html
e) 同樣你還可以verify HTTP Status code
因?yàn)槲疫@個service是需要Content-Type=application/json的， 而我的case里并沒有賦值給contentType, 所以返回會報錯 415
The server refused this request because the request entity is in a format not supported by the requested resource for the requested method.
@Test public void testOpenOrder_error() { final String orderNumber = "3017"; final String orderVersion = "1"; final String versionType = ""; final String editUserId = ""; final String customerId = ""; final String state = ""; given(). parameters( "orderNumber", orderNumber, "orderVersion", orderVersion, "versionType", versionType, "editUserId", editUserId, "customerId", customerId, "state", state). expect(). statusCode(415). when(). post("/order/open"); }
f) Cookies 其實(shí)都大同小異了
第一個沒有set cookie 結(jié)果拋 403
"name":"Forbidden",
"detail":"The request was a legal request, but the server is refusing to respond to it. Unlike a 401 Unauthorized response, authenticating will make no difference."
@Testpublic void testCookie() { expect(). statusCode(403). when(). get("/access"); given(). cookie("userName", "wadexu"). expect(). statusCode(200). when(). get("/access");}
g） Authentication
如果你的service需要認(rèn)證，則需要設(shè)置authentication()
否則401 -- Unauthorized
@Testpublic void testAuthentication() { expect(). statusCode(401). when(). get("/service/user"); expect(). statusCode(200). when(). with(). authentication().basic("wadexu", "123456"). get("/service/user");}
H) Specification reuse 規(guī)范重用
@Test public void testSpecReuse() { ResponseSpecBuilder builder = new ResponseSpecBuilder(); builder.expectStatusCode(200); builder.expectBody("userInfo.userId", equalTo("wadexu")); builder.expectBody("userInfo.firstName", equalTo("Wade")); builder.expectBody("userInfo.lastName", equalTo("Xu")); builder.expectBody("success", equalTo(true)); ResponseSpecification responseSpec = builder.build(); //use this specification for test example -- a expect(). spec(responseSpec). when(). get("/user/login?userName=wadexu&password=NzrmRcIfIW4="); //now re-use for another example -- c that returns similar data given(). queryParam("userName", "wadexu"). queryParam("password", "NzrmRcIfIW4="). expect(). spec(responseSpec). when(). get("/user/login"); }
如果你還有更多的測試，返回期望結(jié)果又類似 則可以繼續(xù)使用 specification， 達(dá)到重用的目的。
轉(zhuǎn)載注明出處： http://www.cnblogs.com/wade-xu/p/4298819.html
測試運(yùn)行結(jié)果如下（不包含上面每一個用例）：
有些類需要Static imports
參考我的如下：
import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import static org.junit.Assert.*;import com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured;import com.jayway.restassured.builder.ResponseSpecBuilder;import com.jayway.restassured.path.json.JsonPath;import com.jayway.restassured.response.Response;import com.jayway.restassured.specification.ResponseSpecification;import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.*;import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
設(shè)置好你的請求url 路徑， 默認(rèn)http://localhost:8080
參考我的base path(即所以請求url 前面相同的部分) 配置如下：
@Before public void setUp() { RestAssured.baseURI= "http://10.46.28.193"; RestAssured.port = 8080; RestAssured.basePath = "/service/v1"; }
“WARNING: Cannot find parser for content-type: text/json — using default parser.”
– 需要注冊相關(guān)的parser: e.g. RestAssured.registerParser(“text/json”, Parser.JSON);
官方文檔：https://code.google.com/p/rest-assured/
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