1） 現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have / has + v-ing
2）現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和see為例）：
| 主 語 | 肯 定 式 | 否 定 式 | 疑 問 式 |
| 第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù) | I /We/You/ They have been here before. He/ She has been here before. .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film. | I /We/You/ They haven’t been here before. He/ She hasn’t been here before . .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people haven’t seen the film. | Have you/ they been here before? Has he/ she been here before? Have you/ they/ many people seen the film? |
現(xiàn)在完成時
1） 現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have / has + v-ing
2）現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和see為例）：
在完成時的用法：
1、表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.常與already, just, ever, never, before等詞連用. 如:
She has never read this novel.他從未讀過這本小說.(他對小說的內(nèi)容不了解)
2、表示 "過去的動作"一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去. 常與for (后跟段時間)或since (后跟點時間)等連用.如:
I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.
I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.
注：在有for 和since 引導(dǎo)時間狀語的句子中不能用短暫性動詞，應(yīng)用與之相應(yīng)的表示狀態(tài)的詞。如：
He has died for 3 years.(F)
He has been dead for 3 years.(T)
注意：①現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示明確的過去時間連用。如：in 1998, last morning等
②have/has been to 表示"去過"（去了又回來了）
have/has gone to 表示"去過"（去了沒回來了）
如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在)
Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)
例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！
--How long ______ he ______ a fever?
--- Ever since last night.
A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have
解析：此句表示從昨晚起持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，去掉答案D。因為是段時間， 所以不能用短暫行動詞，get和catch 都是短暫行動詞。 因此選B.
My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup?
A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank
解析：碗是空的了，這里強調(diào)的是所發(fā)生的動作造成的結(jié)果。 "誰把我的湯都喝了。應(yīng)選C.
3. I ______ you for a long time. Where ______ you ______?
A. Didn't seen; did, go B. didn't see; have, gone C. haven't seen; have, been D. haven't seen; have gone
解析：for+段時間一般預(yù)先在完成時連用。"你去哪兒了？ "（在這段時間你不在）應(yīng)選C。
