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因為認為女性學(xué)生最終會因為分娩及撫養(yǎng)孩子而離開醫(yī)學(xué)界，所以壓低女學(xué)生的入學(xué)考試成績以接收更多的男性學(xué)生——東京醫(yī)科大學(xué)以這樣的邏輯招生已經(jīng)長達八年之久。
不僅是職場，連高等學(xué)府也成為了性別歧視的溫床？
Tokyo Medical University officials allegedly tampered with female applicants’ exam results in a bid to reduce the number of women in medicine, according to reports in Japan.
日本媒體報道，東京醫(yī)科大學(xué)官員涉嫌篡改女性申請者的考試成績，以減少從事醫(yī)學(xué)工作的女性人數(shù)。
Tokyo Medical University, a private institution consistently ranked among the country''s best for clinical medicine, has been automatically lowering the entrance exam results of female applicants for the past decade, an attempt to keep the ratio of women in each class of students below 30 percent, the Yomiuri Shimbun reported. A specific coefficient was reportedly applied to the scores of all female applicants, lowering them by 10 to 20 percent.
東京醫(yī)科大學(xué)是一所私立大學(xué)，一直以來被列為日本最佳臨床醫(yī)學(xué)大學(xué)之一。但據(jù)《讀賣新聞》報道，在過去十年間，該校一直在自動降低女性申請者的入學(xué)考試成績，試圖將每班學(xué)生中女性的比率控制在30%以下。據(jù)報道，有一個特定的系數(shù)應(yīng)用于所有女性申請者的分?jǐn)?shù)，將她們的分?jǐn)?shù)降低10%至20%。
① tamper [''t?mp?(r)] v. 干擾；竄改(遺囑,稿件等)；賄賂
例句：I don''t want to be accused of tampering with the evidence.
我不想被指控篡改證據(jù)。
② coefficient [.k???''f??(?)nt] n. 系數(shù) adj. 共同作用的
例句：A little bit of chalk on a local place would make the friction coefficient go down.
局部沾上的粉筆灰，會讓摩擦系數(shù)減小。
Screenshot: Twitter
The Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper said Tokyo Medical University had manipulated the entrance exam results of women since about 2011 to keep the female student population low. Quoting unidentified sources, it said the manipulation started after the proportion of successful applicants who were women reached 38% in 2010.
《讀賣新聞》報稱，東京醫(yī)科大學(xué)自2011年左右開始，就在操縱女性的入學(xué)考試成績，讓女性學(xué)生人數(shù)維持在一個較低的數(shù)值上。援引匿名的消息源稱，在2010年成功的申請者中女性比例達到38%之后，這種行為就開始了。
The school’s public affairs department said officials were surprised by the Yomiuri Shimbun report and had no knowledge of the reported manipulation. It promised to look into the matter.
該校的公共事務(wù)部稱，校方人員對《讀賣新聞》的報道感到非常驚訝，并對所報道的操縱行為并不知情。校方承諾會對此事進行調(diào)查。
③ manipulate [m?''n?pj?le?t] v. 操縱；使用
例句：All this suggests that there may not be much China can do to manipulate the number of births.
所有這些表明，在操縱出生率方面，中國政府能做的不多了。
According to university insiders with knowledge of the scheme, the doctoring of tests was carefully planned – a specific coefficient was used to artificially lower the scores of all women applying to the institution.
了解該計劃的學(xué)校內(nèi)部人士表示，篡改考試是經(jīng)過精心策劃的——有一個特定的系數(shù)被用來人為地降低所有申請該校的女性的分?jǐn)?shù)。
The education minister, Yoshimasa Hayashi, said: “Entrance exams that unfairly discriminate against women are absolutely not acceptable.” He said the ministry would decide on its response after receiving the results of an investigation from the school.
教育部長Yoshimasa Hayashi表示：“不公平地歧視女性的入學(xué)考試是讓人絕對無法接受的?！彼f，教育部將在收到校方的調(diào)查結(jié)果后再做出回應(yīng)。
④ discriminate [d?''skr?m?ne?t] v. 歧視；區(qū)別；區(qū)分
例句：The upshot: China''s government and state-owned industries reserve the right to discriminate against imports.
其結(jié)果是：中國政府和國有企業(yè)保留了歧視進口商品的權(quán)利。
Screenshot: qz.com
According to an unnamed source who spoke to the Yomiuri Shimbun, the school thought female students would eventually leave the medical profession to give birth and raise their children. “There was a silent understanding [to accept more male students] as one way to resolve the doctor shortage,” the source said, adding that the policy was a “necessary evil.”
一位不愿透露姓名的消息人士告訴《讀賣新聞》稱，該校認為女性學(xué)生最終會因為分娩及撫養(yǎng)孩子而離開醫(yī)療行業(yè)。“（接收更多的男性學(xué)生）是一個默許的情況，用這種方式來解決醫(yī)生短缺的問題，”該消息人士補充道，這項政策是一種“必要的惡行”。
Yoshiko Maeda, the head of the Japan Medical Women’s Association, said it was astonishing that women were being stripped of their right to seek entry to the medical profession.
日本女性醫(yī)師協(xié)會會長Yoshiko Maeda表示，女性被剝奪進入醫(yī)學(xué)行業(yè)的權(quán)利這件事令人非常震驚。
“Instead of worrying about women quitting jobs, they should do more to create an environment where women can keep working,” Maeda said in a statement on the association’s Facebook page. “And we need working-style reform, which is not just to prevent overwork deaths but to create a workplace where everyone can perform to the best of their ability regardless of gender.”
“與其擔(dān)心女性會辭職，他們不如努力去創(chuàng)造一個能讓女性繼續(xù)工作的環(huán)境，”Maeda在該協(xié)會臉書上發(fā)表的一篇聲明中說道?！拔覀冃枰母锕ぷ鞣绞?，不僅是為了防止過勞死，也是為了創(chuàng)造一個不論性別所有人都能施展才能的工作場所。”
Screenshot: Twitter
Kyoko Tanebe, an executive board member at the Japan Joint Association of Medical Professional Women, told the Japan Times that other medical institutions probably have similar policies that discriminate against female applicants. According to recent data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, women make up less than a quarter of doctors in Japan — the lowest proportion among the 34 OECD countries studied.
日本醫(yī)療職業(yè)女性聯(lián)合會執(zhí)行委員會成員Kyoko Tanebe告訴《日本時報》稱，其他的醫(yī)學(xué)院可能也有類似的歧視女性申請者的政策。經(jīng)濟合作與發(fā)展組織最近的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，日本的醫(yī)生中女性人數(shù)不超過四分之一——這一比例在所調(diào)查的34個經(jīng)合組織國家中是最低的。
Screenshot: Twitter
Japanese citizens reacted with outrage on social media at the allegations of rigged exam results. One posted: “Women are told they have to give birth; if they don’t, they’re mocked as being ‘unproductive’, but then again, just the possibility that they might give birth is used to cut their scores. What’s a woman supposed to do?”
日本民眾針對操縱考試結(jié)果這一指控在社交媒體上做出了憤怒的回應(yīng)。其中一位寫到：“女性被教育一定要生孩子，如果不這樣做，便會被人嘲笑為‘生不了’，但是就是她們可能會去生孩子的可能性削減了她們的分?jǐn)?shù)。女人到底要怎么做？”
⑤ outrage [''a?t.re?d?] n. 憤怒；憤慨
例句：Even if official American outrage may smack of domestic political posturing, that of the victims'' relatives does not.
雖然美國當(dāng)局表現(xiàn)出的憤怒可能帶有政治手腕的味道，那遇難者家屬的憤怒絕對是發(fā)自心底的。
⑥ rig [r?ɡ] v. 裝配；（以不正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄危┎倏v
例句：Qatar won the 2022 competition despite reports from the British media that its officials may have attempted to rig the vote.
英國媒體曾報道卡塔爾官員可能有操縱選票的嫌疑，但卡塔爾仍贏得了2022年的主辦權(quán)。
除了日本的民眾，很多別的國家的網(wǎng)民也在Twitter上公開譴責(zé)東京醫(yī)科大學(xué)的做法，并表示支持受到了歧視的女性——
Screenshot: Twitter
And even if Japanese women do drop out of the profession at higher rates than men right now, it is not the role of medical schools to fix that, Yusuke Tsugawa, a Japanese doctor working as an assistant professor of medicine at UCLA, argued. “Their job, their role and their mission is to train the doctors. Their mission is not to ensure an optimal workforce in Japan,” he said.
在加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校擔(dān)任醫(yī)學(xué)助理教授的日本醫(yī)生Yusuke Tsugawa認為，即使日本女性現(xiàn)在的確在以比男性更快的速度退出職業(yè)生涯，醫(yī)學(xué)院也不是要去修正這一問題的人。他表示：“他們的工作，他們的角色和使命是培訓(xùn)醫(yī)生，而不是確保日本的最佳從業(yè)隊伍”
⑦ optimal [''?pt?m(?)l] adj. 最適宜的；最理想的
例句：A major flaw of this study was that it did not specify an optimal size.
這份調(diào)查主要的缺陷是它并沒有說明一個最理想的尺寸。
詞組拓展
in a bid to 為了…；試圖；力求
例句：Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda may carry out his first cabinet reshuffle since taking office in a bid to increase his political clout.
據(jù)日本媒體報道，日本首相福田康夫可能將于28日進行上臺以來的首度內(nèi)閣改組，以增加自己在政壇的影響力。
同樣有“為了……”意思的詞組還有for the sake和in the interests of。
例句：
①This was one compromise that Conservative colleagues were happy to make for the sake of coalition unity.
為了聯(lián)合政府的團結(jié)，這是保守黨同事們很愿意做出的妥協(xié)。
②He said he believed that the plan was in the interests of the US.
他表示，他相信該計劃符合美國的國家利益。
