五年級(jí)上知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析
Unit 1
1. ----Who’s your English teacher?
----Mr Carter.
這是由who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)人的姓名、身份、職業(yè)等，對(duì)人提問(wèn)。
2. ----What’s he like?
----He’s tall and strong.
這是由what 引導(dǎo)的詢問(wèn)外貌特征或性格特征的固定句子，意為“某人長(zhǎng)什么樣/性格怎么樣？”be like …，這里like 是介詞，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，常和連系動(dòng)詞（be,look）連用，意為“像……一樣”。由like構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)還有：look like“看起來(lái)像”e.g. He looks like his father.
Like 作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，意為“喜歡”。e.g. She likes sports.
注意：要區(qū)分開(kāi)What is … like? “長(zhǎng)什么樣？”和 What does…like?“喜歡什么？”這兩個(gè)句型的用法。
3. ----Is she quiet?
----No, she isn’t. She’s very active.
----Is she strict?
----Yes, she is, but she’s very kind.
這是以be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句。其答語(yǔ)為肯定回答和否定回答，注意，yes后面要跟肯定形式；no后面要跟否定形式。還要注意問(wèn)句與答語(yǔ)中的人稱要保持一致。
Unit 2
4. ----What day is it today?
----It’s Wednesday.
這是對(duì)星期提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，其答語(yǔ)常用“It’s…”來(lái)回答。
5. ----What do you have on Thursdays?
----We have English, math and science on Thursdays.
這是詢問(wèn)某人在某一天有什么課的句型，對(duì)have/has提問(wèn)要借助助動(dòng)詞do/does。其后通常會(huì)跟一個(gè)限定詢問(wèn)范圍的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，由“on+星期幾”組成。注意首先要看是對(duì)第幾人稱進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，如對(duì)第二人稱（you）進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，則答語(yǔ)要用第一人稱（I / we）;本句型中的星期要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，詞尾要加-s或-es.
6. ----What do you do on Saturdays?
---- I watch TV on Saturdays. What about you?
---- I do homework, too.
這是詢問(wèn)某人在某一天經(jīng)常做什么的句型，對(duì)所做的事情提問(wèn)。注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，問(wèn)句中的助動(dòng)詞“do”一定要用第三人稱單數(shù)“does”!答語(yǔ)中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。e.g. ----What does Tom do on weekends? ----He plays ping-pong with his friends.
Unit 3
7. ----What do you have for lunch on Mondays?
----We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.
這是詢問(wèn)對(duì)方“哪一餐吃什么？”的句型。句子中“have”是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，有“吃，喝”和“進(jìn)行，從事”等意思。當(dāng)問(wèn)句中有“for +三餐”時(shí)，答語(yǔ)中have后跟食物；當(dāng)問(wèn)句中沒(méi)有“for +三餐”時(shí)，我們常用“have+課程”來(lái)回答，要根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)決定答語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。注意：would like是“想要，想吃或想喝”的意思，用would like 提問(wèn)，就要用would like來(lái)回答。區(qū)分好以下三組句型：
（1）----What do you have on Thursdays?
----I (We) have English and P.E.
（2）----What do you have for lunch on Thursdays?
---- I (We) have tofu and onions.
（3）----What would you like for lunch today?
---- I’d like some mutton and cabbage.
fish意為“魚(yú)肉”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞。
8. ----What’s your favourite fruit?
----I like apples. They’re sweet.
----I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes. They’re sour.
這是詢問(wèn)“你最喜歡的……是什么？”同義句：“What…do you like best?”答語(yǔ)用“I like…”或“I don’t like…”或“My favourite…is …”此句一般疑問(wèn)句為“Do you like…?”否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句要借助助動(dòng)詞do或does. 一般疑問(wèn)句要把助動(dòng)詞do/does提前；否定句要在主語(yǔ)后加don’t或doesn’t.
Unit 4
9. ----What can you do?
----I can sweep the floor. / I can cook the meals. / I can water the flowers.
這是由what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，意為“你會(huì)做什么？”其答語(yǔ)要用“I can +動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)回答。注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后一定接動(dòng)詞原形。
10. ----Can you make the bed?
----No, I can’t.
----Can you use a computer.
----Yes, I can.
這是由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，其肯定回答“Yes, I can.”否定回答“No, I can’t.”情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，只能和緊挨它的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。
Can的用法口訣：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, can, can，“能，會(huì)”意思記在前；不管主語(yǔ)怎么換，can的模樣不會(huì)變。句中只要出現(xiàn)can,動(dòng)詞原形跟后面。一般疑問(wèn)can提前，否定can后not添。
Unit 5
11. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.
There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.
這是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，它表示“某處有某物”。there is 后跟可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞;there are 后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。there be 常和具體的地點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)連用。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“There be+某物（人）+地點(diǎn)”。
注意：
（1）there be句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式采取“就近原則”即看離be動(dòng)詞最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)是“可數(shù)”還是“不可數(shù)”，是“單數(shù)”還是“復(fù)數(shù)”，從而確定be 動(dòng)詞是用單數(shù)形式“is”還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式“are”。
（2）there be結(jié)構(gòu)和have的區(qū)別：
There be 表示“有”時(shí)，側(cè)重于客觀存在，常用于表示“某地有某物”，至于此物品屬于誰(shuí)則無(wú)關(guān)緊要；have/has 表示“有”時(shí)，側(cè)重于主觀方面，有“擁有；所有”的意思，常用于“某人（某物）有某物”，至于此物品在何地則無(wú)需談及。
12.The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet. The trash bin is behind the door.
英語(yǔ)中表示方位的介詞有很多，常見(jiàn)的有：in, on, under, behind, near, over, in front of 等，當(dāng)我們用介詞表示地點(diǎn)、方位時(shí)，一般要遵循這樣的模式：介詞+定冠詞the+名詞。
Unit 6
13. ----Is there a forest in the park?
----Yes, there is.
----Is there a river?
----No, there isn’t.
這是there be 句型的一般疑問(wèn)句形式，直接把系動(dòng)詞be提到there的前面。其答語(yǔ)通常有肯定回答“Yes, there is/are.”，否定回答“No, there isn’t/aren’t.”兩種形式。要注意保持問(wèn)答一致。
14. ----Are there any pandas in the mountains?
----No, there aren’t. Are there any fish in the river?
----Yes, there are.
There be 句型小結(jié)：
（1）肯定句：There is a bridge in the village.
There are some books on the desk.
（2）一般疑問(wèn)句：----Is there a bridge in the village?
----Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
----Are there any books on the desk?
----Yes, there are./ No, there aren’t.
（3）否定句：There is not a bridge in the village.
There are not any books on the desk.
注意：用來(lái)修飾名詞的“some”，在一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，要變成“any”。There be句型記憶口訣：
There be 結(jié)構(gòu)是倒裝，主語(yǔ)位于be后方。
單數(shù)主語(yǔ)用is,復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)要用are。
變否定特簡(jiǎn)單，not添在be后邊。
變疑問(wèn)也不難，把be提到there 前。
肯定句用some,否定疑問(wèn)要用any 來(lái)替換。
