什么是Webquest?
譯者：柳棟
being@k12.com.cnWebquest有一個(gè)容易記住的奇特名字，名字后面則是那些我們能完全理解的事物。簡單地說，Webquests是利用因特網(wǎng)資源的授課計(jì)劃或者是課程單元。這是非常令人興奮的，因?yàn)榘l(fā)展創(chuàng)造性課程是我們教師引以為豪的工作。
當(dāng)然Webquest與一般的教案或者單元教案相比增加了一些復(fù)雜性。Webquest通過向?qū)W生提問一些本質(zhì)性問題、提供進(jìn)一步探索的機(jī)會、讓孩子們在動手做的過程中應(yīng)用他們的知識，從而努力讓孩子在較高的水平上思考。
我們通過討論Webquest的各個(gè)部分和每一部分的具體實(shí)例來進(jìn)一步說明。
本質(zhì)問題：
每一個(gè)Webquest的核心是一個(gè)開放性問題。這個(gè)問題設(shè)定了Webquest的清晰目標(biāo)，鼓勵學(xué)生回顧原先掌握的知識，激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)一步探索的動機(jī)。
任務(wù)與步驟：
中小學(xué)生能否運(yùn)用已有知識進(jìn)行探索，進(jìn)而在更高的水平上思考？Webquest的任務(wù)與步驟部分提供了一個(gè)“腳手架”引導(dǎo)學(xué)生經(jīng)歷體驗(yàn)專家的思維過程。“腳手架”意味著將令人望而生畏的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃打碎成若干個(gè)片段，讓學(xué)生能夠繼續(xù)鉆研相對單一的任務(wù)，引導(dǎo)他們通過研究中相對困難的步驟，從而能夠運(yùn)用他們的知識。
海量資源：
在一個(gè)Webquest中，老師創(chuàng)建一些到其他互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)的鏈接來共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。這些提供了有質(zhì)量的、最新信息的在線資源具有不同的樣式，如web站點(diǎn)、電子刊物、虛擬旅行、電子公告版、電子郵件。生動的圖形和交互的特性引發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)者的注意、提升興奮水平。通過運(yùn)用多樣化的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源，一個(gè)Webquest為不同學(xué)習(xí)水平或不同學(xué)習(xí)方式的學(xué)生提供信息。有時(shí)，Webquest也向?qū)W生提供容易采用的離線資源，如兒童文學(xué)讀物、電子光盤、雜志、實(shí)地考察、貴賓演講……。常用的一種離線方式是提供參考書目。
注意：Webquest資源提供可以便捷存取的、有質(zhì)量的信息。這讓學(xué)習(xí)者較快地集中收集信息，學(xué)生進(jìn)而能夠分配更多的時(shí)間用于解釋、分析信息。
動手做活動：
Webquest的焦點(diǎn)是要讓學(xué)生應(yīng)用他們的知識建設(shè)性解決真實(shí)的問題。Webquest的終極活動是提供更高水平的思維指南。這類終極包括創(chuàng)編好萊塢式的歌舞表演、通過電子郵件提交實(shí)地考察或動手做活動的報(bào)告，一直到學(xué)生制作他們自己的網(wǎng)頁。
可靠的估價(jià):
當(dāng)使用Webquest問題，學(xué)生在更高水平進(jìn)行思考的時(shí)候，老師有效估價(jià)學(xué)生活動的努力程度十分重要。很多Webquest用量規(guī)詳細(xì)說明了教師如何評估學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)活動。這些量規(guī)也提供了學(xué)生和教師對他們學(xué)習(xí)的自我評估。
原文－－
What Are Webquests?
Webquests have a fancy name that is catchy but beneath the name there is something simple that we can all understand. Simply put, Webquests are a really good lesson plan or curriculum unit that utilizes resources from the Internet. That‘s really exciting because developing creative lessons are what us teachers are really great at.
O.K. , Webquests are just a little more complicated than a lesson plan or unit plan. Webquests strive to get kids thinking at a higher level by asking students an essential question, providing opportunities for kids to explore further, and then getting kids to apply their knowledge with a hands-on activity.
I will explain further by discussing each part of a Webquest and then providing an example of that part.
Esssential Question:
At the heart of every webquest is an open-ended question. The question creates a clear purpose for the webquest, inspires students to access prior knowledge, and creates a level of excitement that motivates students to explore further.
Stay on Task:
Can students in elementary and middle school think at a higher level where they not only research but apply their new knowledge? The Task Section of a Webquest provides a "scaffolding" to lead students through the kind of thinking process that more expert learners use. "Scaffolding" means breaking the daunting project into smaller pieces so students can work on specific sub-tasks that will lead them through the difficult steps of researching and then applying their knowledge.
Great Resources:
In a Webquest the teacher creates links to other Internet sites. I usually create a Hot List to share these resources. These Online Resources come in varying forms (web sites, online journals, virtual tours, message boards, and e-mail.) These sites provide quality, current information. Excitement is created with stimulating graphics and interactive features. By utilizing a variety of Internet resources a webquest provides information for all students- no matter their learning level or learning style. Also, webquests provide easy access to Offline Resources such as Children‘s literature, CD-ROM‘s, magazines, field trips, guest speakers... I usually use a bibliography to provide offline resources.
Note: Webquest Resources provide easy access to quality information. This allows students to no longer focus on gathering information. Now, students can spend more time interpreting and analyzing the information.
Hands-On Activity:
The focus of a webquest is to get students to apply their knowledge to constructively solve authentic problems. The culminating activity of a Webquest provides the guidelines for this higher level thinking. The culminating activity can range from creating a Hollywood Presentation, e-mailing an expert in the field, hands-on (offline) activity, to students creating their own web page.
Authentic Assessment:
When using a webquest, students are asked think at a higher level. It is important teachers effectively evaluate student‘s hard work. Many Webquests provide rubrics to clearly define how a student‘s work will be assessed. Rubrics also provide an opportunity for students and teachers to reflect on their learning.
2001年12月2日譯文發(fā)布
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http://www.being.org.cn/webquest/whatarewebquests.htm
