解題攻略 II
一、速讀文章，找重點(diǎn)詞句
速讀每一段，關(guān)注段首段尾句和段內(nèi)重點(diǎn)單詞區(qū)域(例如邏輯關(guān)系等)段首或段尾句可以迅速告知本段主要內(nèi)容，而常見(jiàn)閱讀重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ)區(qū)域則是段內(nèi)重點(diǎn)信息的表達(dá)。
因果轉(zhuǎn)折類：but, however, unfortunately, since, because, the reason…
讓步關(guān)系：although, though
遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：not only…but also…, merely, but
比較關(guān)系類：more even, more than, most
選擇關(guān)系：either…or…, or
事實(shí)羅列：for example, in fact
序數(shù)詞：first, second, at last
【Eg 1】:
段尾句的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：
But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
定位至本句后，根據(jù)長(zhǎng)難句中關(guān)注謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)或表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，重點(diǎn)位置再次被定位至：has made universities a powerful force，以此句去匹配剩余題目即可。
瀏覽至54題，發(fā)現(xiàn)：
Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.
【Eg 2】:
F段重點(diǎn)句包含BUT：
The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible.
瀏覽至53題，發(fā)現(xiàn)：
Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.
二、用同意替換解決速讀無(wú)法解決的段落及題目
1、同意替換是閱讀類題目終極解決方案，它包括單詞或短語(yǔ)甚至句子用另一種含義表達(dá)的所有形式。相對(duì)而言，四級(jí)部分更多強(qiáng)調(diào)詞語(yǔ)的同意替換，例如上題中，段落中的link變成題目中的linking。
當(dāng)然，也有一定難度的題目來(lái)影響考生的分?jǐn)?shù)。
【Eg】:
[E] Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
本段可以定位的位置有：
首句尾句；4,300，95(精確數(shù)字)；Fudan University(非高頻大寫(xiě)專有)等。仔細(xì)瀏覽完畢題目，發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有任何明顯信息可以進(jìn)行匹配。
只有49題：
The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization。包含一個(gè)globalization。
仔細(xì)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)這句話對(duì)應(yīng)的就是E段段首。其同意替換對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系為：
Reshape-has changed; research is done-research is carried out.
2、同意替換因?yàn)橛幸欢y度，于是成為匹配題最佳解決方案，這是一個(gè)需要積累和鍛煉的能力。
● 平時(shí)背詞匯時(shí)，多多注意目標(biāo)詞匯的同意詞和近義詞，以及短語(yǔ)。特別關(guān)注其英文解釋，這會(huì)逐漸給大家省很多力氣。
● 每次做完題目后，都積累閱讀和聽(tīng)力科目中全部同意替換的方式，今后考試中被重復(fù)考到幾率是很高的。
3、總結(jié)段落信息匹配題的做法：
● 先看題再回文章，包含兩步：關(guān)注主題(主標(biāo)題或副標(biāo)題)+定位簡(jiǎn)單特殊明確的位置(如特殊數(shù)據(jù))。
● 速讀文章再看題，需要關(guān)注重點(diǎn)詞匯區(qū)域。
● 最后使用同意替換能力來(lái)解決剩余題目。
三、常見(jiàn)段落信息匹配的高頻考點(diǎn)位置
1、涉及到首段的提示詞：
● overview /past/introduction
● initiation/orientation
● main idea/view/concept
● definition/cause/demonstration
● essence/explanation… + topic
2、涉及到尾段的提示詞：
● future / in the future / solution
● conclusion / suggest or suggestion
● Summary/prediction/effect…+ topic
3、特殊詞幫助定位：
● 含有rate / ratio / proportion / percentage等詞的信息往往對(duì)應(yīng)% 較多的段落
● 含有number / figure / amount statistical / demographics等詞的信息往往對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)字集中的段落
● 含有financial / business / income / revenue / salary/ wage / commercial等詞的信息往往對(duì)應(yīng)￥ $ 符號(hào)多的段落。
● 含有time/ period等詞的信息往往對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)間較多的段落
搞定閱讀，胸有成竹！
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