下載軟件包：My
SQL-client-community-5.1.42-0.rhel5.i386
My
SQL-devel-community-5.1.42-0.rhel5.i386
MySQL-shared-community-5.1.42-0.rhel5.i386
MySQL-server-community-5.1.42-0.rhel5.i386
安裝軟件包：
[root@rhel5a tmp]# rpm -ivh MySQL-*.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-shared-community ########################################### [ 25%]
2:MySQL-client-community ########################################### [ 50%]
3:MySQL-devel-community ########################################### [ 75%]
4:MySQL-server-community ########################################### [100%]
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/
mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/
mysqladmin -u root -h rhel5a password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
Starting MySQL...[ OK ]
Giving mysqld 2 seconds to start
------------------------------------------------------
確認(rèn)安裝成功并啟動(dòng)：mysql 監(jiān)聽的端口為3306
#netstat -na |grep 3306
[root@rhel5a tmp]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root 10869 1 0 02:06 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/rhel5a.pid
mysql 10924 10869 0 02:06 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/ --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/rhel5a.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/rhel5a.pid
root 10974 9479 0 02:11 pts/1 00:00:00 grep mysqld
相關(guān)配置事項(xiàng)：
1、了解下面的文件路徑：
配置文件：/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
MySQL啟動(dòng)腳本/etc/init.d/mysql /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
默認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)文件存放目錄 /var/lib/mysql
2、注冊為 service 服務(wù)
#chkconfig --add mysql
以后就可以使用
#service start mysql 啟動(dòng)或停止mysql 數(shù)據(jù)庫了
是否要設(shè)置為開機(jī)自啟動(dòng)：
#chkconfig mysql on/off
# chkconfig mysql --list
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
3、修改初始用戶密碼：
#mysqladmin password -uroot '123456'
4、重新設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)文件位置：
(1)、把mysql服務(wù)進(jìn)程停掉：
#service mysqld stop 【1：service mysql stop】
(2)、把/var/lib/mysql整個(gè)目錄移到/dbdata/mysql5.1 【2：】
#mv /var/lib/mysql /dbdata/mysql5.1
這樣就把mysql的數(shù)據(jù)文件移動(dòng)到了/dbdata/mysql5.1 下
(3)、編輯mysql的配置文件/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf 【不需要】
為 保證mysql能夠正常工作
，需要指明mysql.sock文件的產(chǎn)生位置
。修改socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock一行中等號(hào)右邊的值為：
/dbdata/mysql5.1/mysql/mysql.sock
。操作如下：
命令: vi /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf (用vi工具編輯my.cnf文件
，找到下列數(shù)據(jù)修改之)
# the mysql server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
#socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock（原內(nèi)容，為了更穩(wěn)妥用"#"注釋此行）
socket = /dbdata/mysql5.1/mysql/mysql.sock ?。由洗诵校?/div>
(4)、修改mysql啟動(dòng)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 【3：/etc/rc.d/mysql 】
最后，需要修改mysql啟動(dòng)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql，把其中datadir=/var/lib/mysql一行中，等號(hào)右邊的路徑改成你現(xiàn)在的實(shí)際存放路徑：
/dbdata/mysql5.1
[root@test1 etc]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql ?。ㄗ⑨尨诵校?br>datadir=/dbdata/mysql5.1 （加上此行）
按照軍哥說的方法，更改data文件失敗了。啟動(dòng)總是提示：
Starting MySQL..Manager of pid-file quit without updating file. failed!
查過網(wǎng)上的資料都不能正常解決。
修改/etc/my.cnf文件：【4：/etc/my.cnf】
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir = /data1/mysql/var/ #這個(gè)不能加在上面
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir = /data1/mysql/var/ #只要這里加就可以了，
修改完后如果報(bào)上面的錯(cuò)誤，那么請修改 /etc/init.d/下mysql文件，記得用ultraedit或者直接在SSH下用VI修改：
將
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var
改為：
datadir=/data1/mysql/var/ #你所指定的路徑
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5、字符集的支持：
·編輯配置文件，支持中文。
#vi /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
#character-set-client=gb2312 ［以前用這一行，現(xiàn)在提示重復(fù)定義??？顧不用了。］
character-set-server=gb2312
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=gb2312
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
6、登陸測試：
#mysql -u root -p
Enter password: （輸入密碼）
mysql> show database
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE shop (
article INT(4) UNSIGNED ZEROFILL DEFAULT '0000' NOT NULL,
dealer CHAR(20) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
price DOUBLE(16,2) DEFAULT '0.00' NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(article, dealer));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO shop VALUES
(1,'A',3.45),(1,'B',3.99),(2,'A',10.99),(3,'B',1.45),(3,'C',1.69),
(3,'D',1.25),(4,'D',19.95);
Query OK, 7 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 7 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from shop;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0001 | A | 3.45 |
| 0001 | B | 3.99 |
| 0002 | A | 10.99 |
| 0003 | B | 1.45 |
| 0003 | C | 1.69 |
| 0003 | D | 1.25 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| shop |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc shop;
+---------+--------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+--------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| article | int(4) unsigned zerofill | NO | PRI | 0000 | |
| dealer | char(20) | NO | PRI | | |
| price | double(16,2) | NO | | 0.00 | |
+---------+--------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
---------------------------------
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫
mysql> CREATE DATABASE menagerie;
在Unix下，數(shù)據(jù)庫名字是區(qū)分大小寫,windows 下不需要.
mysql> USE menagerie 使用該數(shù)據(jù)庫
Database changed
登陸時(shí),指定使用該數(shù)據(jù)庫
shell> mysql -h host -u user -p menagerie
Enter password: ********
-------------------------
查看數(shù)據(jù)庫中有哪些表
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
---------------------------------
裝載數(shù)據(jù):
你可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文本文件“pet.txt”，每行包含一個(gè)記錄，用定位符(tab)把值分開，并且以在CREATE TABLE語句中列出的列次序給出。對(duì)于丟失的值(例如未知的性別，或仍然活著的動(dòng)物的死亡日期)，你可以使用NULL值。為了在你的文本文件表示這些，使用\N。例如，對(duì)Whistler鳥的記錄看起來像這樣的(這里在值之間的空白是一個(gè)單個(gè)的定位字符)：
Whistler Gwen bird \N 1997-12-09 \N
為了裝載文本文件“pet.txt”到pet表中，使用這個(gè)命令：
mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "pet.txt" INTO TABLE pet;
mysql> INSERT INTO pet VALUES ('Puffball','Diane','hamster','f','1999-03-30',NULL);
------------------------------------
用戶及權(quán)限控制
1、查看當(dāng)前的用戶
use mysql;
select * from user;
這樣就可以了
------------------
創(chuàng)建用戶:
mysql> create user test identified by "test";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
yy表示你要建立的用戶名，后面的123表示密碼
上面建立的用戶可以在任何地方登陸。
如果要限制在固定地址登陸，比如localhost 登陸：
用戶權(quán)限控制:
1、grant:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO user;@localhost
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