翻譯了國(guó)外網(wǎng)站上一個(gè)人有關(guān)Zeiss Ikon 的評(píng)論，后面因?yàn)闀r(shí)間暫時(shí)仍貼上英文，翻譯水平實(shí)在有限，大家隨便看看。
Zeiss Ikon成立于1926年，是Contessa-Nettel, Goerz, Ernemann and Ica（其本身由Huttig, Krugener, Wunsche, Zulauf，Carl Zeiss Palmos 工廠(chǎng)合并而成）合并而成。 Zeiss Ikon包含了太多的歷史。一個(gè)名叫August Nagel的Dr離開(kāi)Zeiss Ikon后成立了自己的Nagel Camera工廠(chǎng)，后來(lái)被Eastman Kodak收購(gòu)，成為Kodak A.G.，生產(chǎn)了所有的Retina，及許多其他高質(zhì)量Kodar相機(jī)。
Zeiss Ikon生產(chǎn)價(jià)格與特性跨度很大的的相機(jī)種類(lèi)，包括當(dāng)時(shí)許多攝影師夢(mèng)寐以求的Contax, Contarex and 雙反 Contaflex 相機(jī)。所有Zeiss相機(jī)都有著Zeiss的高品質(zhì)。
但是正如能夠生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的相機(jī)一樣，他們似乎無(wú)法以同樣的效率經(jīng)營(yíng)公司事務(wù)，雖然已合并，然而每一個(gè)獨(dú)立的工廠(chǎng)都生產(chǎn)各自的產(chǎn)品，而這些產(chǎn)品也無(wú)法在相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)方，他們生產(chǎn)了太多的不同鏡頭/開(kāi)門(mén)組合的相機(jī)。有一年，在他們的產(chǎn)品目錄上，有104種不同的型號(hào)，有近1000中可供選擇的型號(hào)、鏡頭、畫(huà)幅、快門(mén)程度的組合。
戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)改變了一切，在Dresden的工廠(chǎng)在轟炸中被破壞，同樣遭到破壞的還有他們的標(biāo)志相機(jī)計(jì)劃Contax。機(jī)器被運(yùn)往基輔，Jena生產(chǎn)透鏡的工廠(chǎng)被蘇聯(lián)占領(lǐng)，而許多主要的設(shè)計(jì)人員卻在鐵幕下的聯(lián)邦德國(guó)一側(cè)。Jena逐漸恢復(fù)Contax SLR的生產(chǎn)。隨之即來(lái)的是東西蔡斯之間有關(guān)Zeiss商標(biāo)的法律戰(zhàn)，最終Jena放棄了Zeiss商標(biāo)。
隨后的歲月十分艱難，雖然借助剩下來(lái)的資產(chǎn)，Zeiss Ikon成功的生產(chǎn)了Contax、Contaflex，然而Zeiss Ikon卻再也未盈利。在1956年他們擁有了Voigtlander20%的股份，卻用了近10年的時(shí)間合并兩家公司及生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)。直到1969年，聯(lián)合體仍不完整，加之zeiss不同生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，zeiss與Voigtlander之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，當(dāng)然還有日本相機(jī)的巨大競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，在1972年僅僅手工組裝了有限的相機(jī)。
通常Zeiss所出售的每一件產(chǎn)品都有對(duì)應(yīng)的產(chǎn)品型號(hào)目錄號(hào)，一般以一個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)表示，分子表示型號(hào)，分母表示畫(huà)幅。如生產(chǎn)折疊相機(jī)的Icarette生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)有4種機(jī)身型號(hào)：509, 500, 512 and 551，分別由5種畫(huà)幅（包括卷狀膠卷與干版），6X9的序號(hào)是2，509/2就表示509機(jī)身，畫(huà)幅為6X9。畫(huà)幅6.5 x 11, 4.5 x 6, 6 x 6 與 8 x 10.5 分別為509/15, 509, 509/16與 509/17 。他們沒(méi)有為畫(huà)幅4.5 x 6分配序號(hào)，他們僅僅稱(chēng)之為1號(hào)。
在1958年他們決定將他們的目錄系統(tǒng)改為十位數(shù)。到這時(shí)，同一型號(hào)有不同畫(huà)幅的情況結(jié)束了。
假想如果他們從一開(kāi)始就看到自己在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的困境，又將是什麼樣子？Zeiaa Ikon的失敗并非是因?yàn)樗麄兊漠a(chǎn)品，相反，他們的產(chǎn)品相當(dāng)優(yōu)秀。他們的失敗是由于經(jīng)營(yíng)與管理的失敗，試圖以太小的成本去贏得太大的市場(chǎng)，還包括對(duì)不同生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)的無(wú)理性的組織。
以下的目錄為Zeiss Ikon 中畫(huà)幅的簡(jiǎn)單描述
Zeiss Ikon Ikonta A, catalog number 520. Early 1930s, with Tessar 75/4.5 lens. 4.5 X 6 on 120. Extremely compact but hard to use with modern film as it has 2 red windows and one tends to allow light to strike the edges of the film.
Zeiss Ikon Ikonta B, catalog number 520/16. takes 6 X 6 exposures on 120 rollfilm. Prewar model with Carl ZeissJena Tessar in Compur. This one has a small brass plate on the backj that says "made for China" in Chinese characters.
Zeiss Ikon Ikonta B, catalog number 521/16. 6 X 6 on 120 film, with 75/3.5 uncoated Carl Zeiss Jena Tessar in Compur shutter. Double exposure prevention is a big advance over model 520. Probably made in 1937, the first year of production for this model.
Zeiss Ikon Ikonta B 524/16 (Mess-Ikonta). Uncoupled rangefinder, coated Zeiss-Opton Tessar 75/3.5 in Synchro-Compur shutter. Made in the early to mid 1950s by Zeiss Ikon, Stuttgart.
Zeiss Ikon Nettax 6 X 6 folder. Made in the mid to late 1950s by Zeiss Ikon, Stuttgart. Coated 75/3.5 Novar lens in Pronto shutter. Built-in uncoupled selenium light meter. There seems to be some confusion about the Zeiss catalog number for these; apparently it was officially 513/16, but mine, and at least one other I know of, say 534/16 on the back, which is the catalog number of the Super Ikonta IV.
Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta III, 531/16. Late 1950s, from Zeiss Ikon, Stuttgart. 6 X 6 on 120, with coupled rangefinder and 75/3.5 coated Zeiss-Opton tessar in Synchro-Compur shutter. Still a very nice picture taker.
Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta IV, 534/16. Late 1950s to very early 1960s. Coupled rangefinder, built-in uncoupled selenium light meter, 75/3.5 Zeiss Tessar lens in Synchro-Compur shutter. A beautiful, light, portable picture taker.
Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta A, catalog number 530. Early to mid 1930s. Coupled rotating-prism rangefinder, uncoated Carl Zeiss Jena Tessar 75/3.5 in Compur shutter. fold-up optical, non-Albada, finder. Location of one red window makes using it with pan film difficult.
Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta A, catalog number 531. Prewar, with uncoated 75/3.5 Carl Zeiss Jena Tessar. Coupoled rangefinder, Albada finder. Note the Zeiss-Ikon nameplate, some have this, some have the more usual impression in the leather. Note also the polished aluminum edges; this was done after the camera left the factory, probably because the black enamel became chipped (very common problem). In this case, and a few others I have seen, the removal of enamel and polishing were done so nicely that it looks almost like it was meant to be that way.
Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta A, 531. Early-1950s postwar camera with 75/3.5 coated Zeiss Opton Tessar in X-synced Compur Rapid shutter. Coupled rangefinder, Albada finder. This one works but is not in very pretty cosmetic condition.
Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta C, 531/2. Early-1950s camera with coated Zeiss-Opton Tessar 105/3.5 in X-synced Compur Rapid. Coupled rotating-prism rangefinder. this is one of my favorite picture takers, folds up small, takes sharp 6 X 9 negatives.
Zeiss Ikon Ikoflex Ia. Early 1950s. This camera is equipped with the coated Zeiss Opton Tessar 75/3.5 taking lens and is capable of taking very nice pictures, despite being near the bottom of the Ikoflex line. This particular camera is in near-mint condition and was professionally CLAed recently, so it works very nicely.
