利用XMLBean輕輕松松讀寫XML
一、關(guān)于XML解析
XML在Java應(yīng)用程序里變得越來越重要, 廣泛應(yīng)用于數(shù)據(jù)存儲和交換. 比如我們常見的配置文件,都是以XML方式存儲的. XML還應(yīng)用
于Java Message Service和Web Services等技術(shù)作為數(shù)據(jù)交換.因此,正確讀寫XML文檔是XML應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ).
Java提供了SAX和DOM兩種方式用于解析XML,但即便如此,要讀寫一個稍微復雜的XML,也不是一件容易的事.
二、XMLBean簡介
Hibernate已經(jīng)成為目前流行的面向Java環(huán)境的對象/關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫映射工具.在Hibernate等對象/關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫映射工具出現(xiàn)之前,對數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作是通過JDBC來實現(xiàn)的,對數(shù)據(jù)庫的任何操作,開發(fā)人員都要自己寫SQL語句來實現(xiàn). 對象/關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫映射工具出現(xiàn)后,對數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作轉(zhuǎn)成對JavaBean的操作,極大方便了數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā). 所以如果有一個類似的工具能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)將對XML的讀寫轉(zhuǎn)成對JavaBean的操作,將會簡化XML的讀寫,即使對XML不熟悉的開發(fā)人員也能方便地讀寫XML. 這個工具就是XMLBean.
三、準備XMLBean和XML文檔
XMLBean是Apache的一個開源項目,可以從http://www.apache.org下載,最新的版本是2.0. 解壓后目錄如下:
xmlbean2.0.0
+---bin
+---docs
+---lib
+---samples
+---schemas
另外還要準備一個XML文檔(customers.xml),在本文的例子里,我們將對這個文檔進行讀寫操作. 文檔源碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Customers>
<customer>
<id>1</id>
<gender>female</gender>
<firstname>Jessica</firstname>
<lastname>Lim</lastname>
<phoneNumber>1234567</phoneNumber>
<address>
<primaryAddress>
<postalCode>350106</postalCode>
<addressLine1>#25-1</addressLine1>
<addressLine2>SHINSAYAMA 2-CHOME</addressLine2>
</primaryAddress>
<billingAddress>
<receiver>Ms Danielle</receiver>
<postalCode>350107</postalCode>
<addressLine1>#167</addressLine1>
<addressLine2>NORTH TOWER HARBOUR CITY</addressLine2>
</billingAddress>
</address>
</customer>
<customer>
<id>2</id>
<gender>male</gender>
<firstname>David</firstname>
<lastname>Bill</lastname>
<phoneNumber>808182</phoneNumber>
<address>
<primaryAddress>
<postalCode>319087</postalCode>
<addressLine1>1033 WS St.</addressLine1>
<addressLine2>Tima Road</addressLine2>
</primaryAddress>
<billingAddress>
<receiver>Mr William</receiver>
<postalCode>672993</postalCode>
<addressLine1>1033 WS St.</addressLine1>
<addressLine2>Tima Road</addressLine2>
</billingAddress>
</address>
</customer>
</Customers>
<xb:config xmlns:xb="http://xml.apache.org/xmlbeans/2004/02/xbean/config">
<xb:namespace>
<xb:package>sample.xmlbean</xb:package>
</xb:namespace>
</xb:config>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<xs:element name="Customers">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="customer"
type="customerType"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:complexType name="customerType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="id" type="xs:int"/>
<xs:element name="gender" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="phoneNumber" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="address" type="addressType"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="addressType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="primaryAddress" type="primaryAddressType"/>
<xs:element name="billingAddress" type="billingAddressType"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="primaryAddressType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="postalCode" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="addressLine1" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="addressLine2" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="billingAddressType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="receiver" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="postalCode" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="addressLine1" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="addressLine2" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>
2. 利用scomp來生成Java Classes
scomp是XMLBean提供的一個編譯工具,它在bin的目錄下. 通過這個工具,我們可以將以上的Schema文件生成Java Classes.
scomp的語法如下:-
scomp [options] [dirs]* [schemaFile.xsd]* [service.wsdl]* [config.xsdconfig]*主要參數(shù)說明:
scomp -src build\src -out build\customerXmlBean.jar schema\customer.xsd
-compiler C:\jdk142_04\bin\javac customer.xsdconfig
CustomersDocument.java -- 整個XML文檔的Java Class映射
CustomerType.java -- 節(jié)點sustomer的映射
AddressType.java -- 節(jié)點address的映射
BillingAddressType.java -- 節(jié)點billingAddress的映射
PrimaryAddressType.java -- 節(jié)點primaryAddress的映射
package com.sample.reader;
import java.io.File;
import sample.xmlbean.*;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlOptions;
public class CustomerXMLBean {
private String filename = null;
public CustomerXMLBean(String filename) {
super();
this.filename = filename;
}
public void customerReader() {
try {
File xmlFile = new File(filename);
CustomersDocument doc = CustomersDocument.Factory.parse(xmlFile);
CustomerType[] customers = doc.getCustomers().getCustomerArray();
for (int i = 0; i < customers.length; i++) {
CustomerType customer = customers[i];
println("Customer#" + i);
println("Customer ID:" + customer.getId());
println("First name:" + customer.getFirstname());
println("Last name:" + customer.getLastname());
println("Gender:" + customer.getGender());
println("PhoneNumber:" + customer.getPhoneNumber());
// Primary address
PrimaryAddressType primaryAddress = customer.getAddress().getPrimaryAddress();
println("PrimaryAddress:");
println("PostalCode:" + primaryAddress.getPostalCode());
println("AddressLine1:" + primaryAddress.getAddressLine1());
println("AddressLine2:" + primaryAddress.getAddressLine2());
// Billing address
BillingAddressType billingAddress = customer.getAddress().getBillingAddress();
println("BillingAddress:");
println("Receiver:" + billingAddress.getReceiver());
println("PostalCode:" + billingAddress.getPostalCode());
println("AddressLine1:" + billingAddress.getAddressLine1());
println("AddressLine2:" + billingAddress.getAddressLine2());
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void println(String str) {
System.out.println(str);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filename = "F://JavaTest//Eclipse//XMLBean//xml//customers.xml";
CustomerXMLBean customerXMLBean = new CustomerXMLBean(filename);
customerXMLBean.customerReader();
}
}
Customer#0
Customer ID:1
First name:Jessica
Last name:Lim
Gender:female
PhoneNumber:1234567
PrimaryAddress:
PostalCode:350106
AddressLine1:#25-1
AddressLine2:SHINSAYAMA 2-CHOME
BillingAddress:
Receiver:Ms Danielle
PostalCode:350107
AddressLine1:#167
AddressLine2:NORTH TOWER HARBOUR CITY
Customer#1
Customer ID:2
First name:David
Last name:Bill
Gender:male
PhoneNumber:808182
PrimaryAddress:
PostalCode:319087
AddressLine1:1033 WS St.
AddressLine2:Tima Road
BillingAddress:
Receiver:Mr William
PostalCode:672993
AddressLine1:1033 WS St.
AddressLine2:Tima Road
public void createCustomer() {
try {
// Create Document
CustomersDocument doc = CustomersDocument.Factory.newInstance();
// Add new customer
CustomerType customer = doc.addNewCustomers().addNewCustomer();
// set customer info
customer.setId(3);
customer.setFirstname("Jessica");
customer.setLastname("Lim");
customer.setGender("female");
customer.setPhoneNumber("1234567");
// Add new address
AddressType address = customer.addNewAddress();
// Add new PrimaryAddress
PrimaryAddressType primaryAddress = address.addNewPrimaryAddress();
primaryAddress.setPostalCode("350106");
primaryAddress.setAddressLine1("#25-1");
primaryAddress.setAddressLine2("SHINSAYAMA 2-CHOME");
// Add new BillingAddress
BillingAddressType billingAddress = address.addNewBillingAddress();
billingAddress.setReceiver("Ms Danielle");
billingAddress.setPostalCode("350107");
billingAddress.setAddressLine1("#167");
billingAddress.setAddressLine2("NORTH TOWER HARBOUR CITY");
File xmlFile = new File(filename);
doc.save(xmlFile);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filename = "F://JavaTest//Eclipse//XMLBean//xml//customers_new.xml";
CustomerXMLBean customerXMLBean = new CustomerXMLBean(filename);
customerXMLBean.createCustomer();
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Customers>
<customer>
<id>3</id>
<gender>female</gender>
<firstname>Jessica</firstname>
<lastname>Lim</lastname>
<phoneNumber>1234567</phoneNumber>
<address>
<primaryAddress>
<postalCode>350106</postalCode>
<addressLine1>#25-1</addressLine1>
<addressLine2>SHINSAYAMA 2-CHOME</addressLine2>
</primaryAddress>
<billingAddress>
<receiver>Ms Danielle</receiver>
<postalCode>350107</postalCode>
<addressLine1>#167</addressLine1>
<addressLine2>NORTH TOWER HARBOUR CITY</addressLine2>
</billingAddress>
</address>
</customer>
</Customers>
public void updateCustomer(int id,String lastname) {
try {
File xmlFile = new File(filename);
CustomersDocument doc = CustomersDocument.Factory.parse(xmlFile);
CustomerType[] customers = doc.getCustomers().getCustomerArray();
for (int i = 0; i < customers.length; i++) {
CustomerType customer = customers[i];
if(customer.getId()==id){
customer.setLastname(lastname);
break;
}
}
doc.save(xmlFile);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filename = "F://JavaTest//Eclipse//XMLBean//xml//customers_new.xml";
CustomerXMLBean customerXMLBean = new CustomerXMLBean(filename);
customerXMLBean.updateCustomer(3,"last");
}
public void deleteCustomer(int id) {
try {
File xmlFile = new File(filename);
CustomersDocument doc = CustomersDocument.Factory.parse(xmlFile);
CustomerType[] customers = doc.getCustomers().getCustomerArray();
for (int i = 0; i < customers.length; i++) {
CustomerType customer = customers[i];
if(customer.getId()==id){
customer.setNil() ;
break;
}
}
doc.save(xmlFile);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filename = "F://JavaTest//Eclipse//XMLBean//xml//customers_new.xml";
CustomerXMLBean customerXMLBean = new CustomerXMLBean(filename);
customerXMLBean.deleteCustomer(3);
}
