一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于非真實(shí)條件句中
1庇胂衷謔率迪嚳吹男檳庥鍥形式
If＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞的過去式（be要用were）……, 主句主語(yǔ)＋would（或should, could, might）＋動(dòng)詞原形。例如:
If I were you, I would buy a car. 如果我是你, 我就買輛車。（注: 在第一人稱中, 主句中的would也可用should）
2. 與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式
If＋主語(yǔ)＋had＋過去分詞……, 主句主語(yǔ)＋would（或should, could, might）＋have＋過去分詞。例如:
①If my lawyer __________ here last Saturday, he __________ me from going. （MET’89）
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
此題的正確答案為A。
②I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she __________, she would have met my brother. （NMET’94）
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
此題的正確答案為D。
3. 與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式
If＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞的過去式（或were to ＋動(dòng)詞原形, 或should ＋動(dòng)詞原形）……, 主句主語(yǔ)＋would（或should, could, might）＋動(dòng)詞原形。例如:
If it should rain tomorrow, what would we do? 如果明天下雨, 我們?cè)趺崔k? （注: 從句中的should rain可以換成were to rain或rained）
二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其它句型
1斃檳庥鍥用在動(dòng)詞wish帶的賓語(yǔ)從句中, 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為:
①謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式（be用were）表示現(xiàn)在的情況。例如:
I wish I didn't have a cold. 但愿我沒有感冒。
②謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去完成式表示過去的情況。例如:
I wish I __________ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
此題的正確答案為C。
③謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would（或could, might）＋動(dòng)詞原形表示將來的情況。例如:
I wish you could come tomorrow. 但愿你明天會(huì)來。
注: as if（＝as though）引導(dǎo)的從句和if only后面所跟的句子也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 其形式和動(dòng)詞 wish所帶的賓語(yǔ)從句的形式相同。例如:
①When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________. （NMET’95）
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
此題的正確答案為C。
②If only I had followed his advice. 若是我聽了他的勸告就好了。
2庇媒櫬識(shí)逃錚╳ithout..., butfor... ）、副詞（otherwise）表示某種假設(shè)的情況, 相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。例如:
Without electricity human life __________ quite different today. （MET’91）
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
此題的正確答案為D。
3斃檳庥鍥用在It ＋be ＋important（necessary, strange, natural）＋that clause句型中, that clause的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為“（should ＋）動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:
It is necessary that he __________ to the hospital at once.
A. should send B. be sent C. would be sent D. sent
此題的正確答案為B。
4斃檳庥鍥用在It ＋be ＋time ＋that clause句型中, that clause的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為“動(dòng)詞的過去式（be用were）或should ＋動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:
It is time that he went（should go）to bed. 他睡覺的時(shí)間到了。
5. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在order, ask, suggest（建議）, demand, request, insist（堅(jiān)持要）等動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中, 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為“（should ＋）動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:
He suggested that she __________ at once.
A. starts B. start C. should start D. started
此題的正確答案為B和C。
6. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在advice, idea, order, plan, suggestion, demand, proposal等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中, 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為“（should ＋）動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:
①M(fèi)y suggestion is that you __________ the meeting next Sunday.
A. held B. would hold C. should hold D. could hold
此題的正確答案為C。
②The teacher gave orders that the work __________ before 4 o'clock.
A. finished B. be finished C. should be finished D. finish
此題的正確答案為B和C。
7. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在It ＋be ＋suggested（ordered, demanded, requested... ）＋that clause句型中, that clause的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為“（should ＋）動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:
It is suggested that we（should）start the work at once. 有人建議我們立即開始工作。
8. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在would rather后面的從句中。用過去式（be用were）表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r; 用過去完成式表示過去的情況。例如:
①I would rather you went next Sunday. 我愿你下星期天去。
② I would rather you hadn't done that. 我真希望你沒做那件事。
