WINDOWS 98 / QNX / RED-HAT LINUX MULTIPLE BOOT INSTALLATION GUIDE.Author: Vilas Kumar Chitrakaran, Aug 2001 This document supplements the Microsoft Windows 98 Installation Manual ( available with Microsoft Windows), the QNX Installation Manual (available with QNX OS or http://qdn.qnx.com/support/docs/qnx4/user_guide/install.html), and the Red-Hat Linux Installation Manual (http://www.redhat.com/support/manuals/RHL-6.1-Manual/install-guide/index.html). This manual guides the user to get a PC up and running with all the three operating systems installed as per the requirements of the Mechatronics Laboratory here in Clemson University. Preliminaries 1. Selection of proper hardware. The following are some general hardware requirements: a) Atleast a 13 GB Hard-disk, preferrably running at 7200 RPM. b) AGP video card. (Avoid cards from 'Number Nine' - they are not well supported in Linux 6.1). c) A PCI Ethernet Network Card (We have a lot of 'Netgear' ones that work just fine). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Precaution: Whenever possible, leave static-sensitive devices in their original packaging. Transport circuit boards and peripherals in an anti-static metallized bag if you do not have the original packaging material. However, do not put this material inside your PC, or plug in a motherboard while it is sitting on top of one of these bags. They are anti-static because they are partially conductive; you don't want your motherboard shorted out by firing it up while several hundred pins from its components are touching a partially conductive material. Not all PC hardware is supported by all Operating Systems, especially Red-Hat Linux 6.1 that we use extensively in labs here. Hardware supported by Red-Hat Linux 6.1 are at http://www.redhat.com/support/hardware/index.html --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Note down the make and model number of the AGP card and the Network card. This will come handy during system configuration later. 2. Softwares you will need. You will need the following software packages for a complete triple boot installation. a) Microsoft Windows 98 installation CD with license number. b) QNX 4.0 installation CD. c) Red Hat Linux 6.1 installation CD. d) QNX OS license floppy. e) QNX Watcom C/C++ compiler license floppy. f) Video card drivers e) Network card drivers. f) An empty floppy that can later be used to create a boot-disk for linux. (This boot-disk is not the same as the boot-disk used for installation of the OS.) g) Real-Time Linux Target 1.2 (RTLT 1.2) CD. (RTLT 1.2 includes automated installation for Real Time Linux as well.) h) BaseQRTS packages ( find it in RTLT1.2 CD). i) MATLAB for Linux j) MATLAB License floppy for Linux. j) MATLAB for Windows, with License number. k) DOS boot floppy with 'Partition Magic'. 3. Partitioning the Hard-disk. Each Operating system resides in it's own partition in the hard-disk. The disk size allocated to each Operating System are as follows: a) Windows 98 - 4 GB. b) QNX 4.0 - 4 GB. c) Red-Hat Linux 6.1 - 4 GB or more. Boot up the computer using the DOS boot-disk and use 'Partition Magic' (http://www.powerquest.com/partitionmagic/) to first remove all previous partitions, if any. Create a primary DOS FAT 32 partition of size 4 GB, and format this partition. MS Windows 98 will be installed in this partition. The partitions for the other two OSs can be made using their installation program itself. If your version of Partition Magic does not allow you to make a partition of size greater than 2 GB, then just use Partition Magic to remove all partitions. Make the required primary partition during installation of Windows 98 (the automated installation program will prompt user for the size of the partition). This is the easiest thing to do. Another option is to use Partition Magic to make the 2 GB partition for Windows. Add another 2 GB of extended FAT partition later after installing Linux. A third option is to use Linux FDISK program to make the 4 GB partition. Do this if you are comfortable using the program. Installation of Operating Systems. In order to boot into any operating system (Windows 98, QNX, and/or Linux), the bootable partition of the operating system (i.e., the ‘C:\’ drive for Windows 98, everything except the /home directory for Linux/QNX partition) should be present within the first 1024 cylinders of the hard disk. For a multiple boot installation the operating systems MUST be installed in the following order: Windows 98 - 4GB QNX - 4 GB is sufficient for QNX, QMotor, and related software Linux (uses LILO) - at least 4 GB is required for Linux, RT-Linux, RTLT, and related software. An extended partition may be created to mount the /home directory. Note that proper Linux installation is a pre-requisite for RT-Linux and RTLT installation. When installing a triple boot system of Windows 98, QNX, and Linux, it is necessary to install the operating systems in the order mentioned above because it is simpler to configure LILO Loader in Linux to boot into Windows 98, QNX, Linux, and RT-Linux. The procedure of configuring the QNX loader to allow for boot up options in Windows 98 and/or Linux is more involved and should be avoided. The user should also ensure that during Linux installation, the LILO is written to the Master Boot Record. When installing a double boot system of QNX and Linux, the Windows 98 Installation procedure is simply neglected. That is, the user starts with the QNX installation and proceeds as per the instructions given in this document. Upon completion of the QNX installation, the user installs Linux followed by RT-Linux. When installing a single boot system of QNX or Linux, the user directly follows the instructions given in the QNX and Linux installation manuals, respectively. 1. Windows 98 installation. a) After switching the PC on, the user hits the or key to enter into the CMOS setup. b) The user then sets the boot-seek order to CDROM, Floppy, then Hard Disk (contact the system administrator for information specific to particular CMOS settings). c) The user now inserts the Windows 98 Installation CD into the CDROM drive. d) The user then selects the Save and Exit option to write the new settings to the CMOS and the system will reboot. e) Windows 98 installation is automatically initiated upon reboot. When prompted, the user provides the size of the Windows 98 installation (for example, 2 GB). Note that a partition per se is not created but only a part of the hard disk is used for Windows. The unused space in the hard disk is then partitioned in QNX and later in Linux installations. The Windows 98 installation appears as a partition /dev/hd0 in QNX and /dev/hda1 in Linux installations. Follow the Windows 98 installation guide to proceed and complete installation. The user should note that the Windows 98 partition is of the FAT32 (LBA) type (as opposed to Windows NT that uses the NTFS). 2. QNX Installation a) After switching the PC on, the user hits the or key to enter into the CMOS setup. b) The user then sets the boot-seek order to CDROM, Floppy, then Hard Disk (contact the system administrator for information specific to particular CMOS settings). c) The user now inserts the QNX Installation CD in the CDROM drive. d) The user then selects the Save and Exit option to write the new settings to the CMOS. e) The system now boots off the CD into QNX. f) The user executes fdisk (to partition the hard disk) when prompted. The user should be able to see the Windows 98 partition (as /dev/hd0). Note that the Windows 98 reference name changes to /dev/hda1 during Linux installation. g) The user now creates the QNX partition by typing in the required size in MB. For a 2 GB QNX partition, the user types 2048. This creates the QNX partition. h) The user writes the partition table hitting "Save and Continue." i) The QNX installation now continues. When prompted, use the license disks for the OS as well as the Watcom C/C++ compiler to update the licenses. (They are two separate disks. Use them one after the other.) j) Make sure that Watcom C/C++ compiler option is selected during installation. k) For more information, refer to the QNX installation guide. http://qdn.qnx.com/support/docs/qnx4/user_guide/install.html 3. Linux Installation If you installed only Windows without QNX, you will need to use Partition Magic or some other method to resize the Windows partition to 2 MB before attempting to install Linux. Linux can not resize an existing partition of Windows. a) After switching the PC on, the user hits the or key to enter into the CMOS setup. b) The user sets the boot-seek order to Floppy, Hard Disk, then CDROM (contact the system administrator for information specific to particular CMOS settings of the machine). c) The user inserts the Linux Installation Floppy into the Floppy drive and the Red Hat Linux 6.1 CD into the CDROM drive. d) The user then selects the Save and Exit option to write the new settings to the CMOS. e) The user now follows exactly the procedure listed in Appendix A of the Real-Time Linux Target Manual (http://support.qrts.com/support/manuals/rtlt_linux/index.html) until the hard disk partition data is displayed. f) The user checks to see whether the Windows 98 partition and the QNX partition are seen. If the aforementioned order is specified, the Windows 98 partition is assigned /dev/hda1, the QNX partition is assigned /dev/hda2, and the Linux partition is assigned /dev/hda3. g) It is important to note that this bootable Linux partition must be within the first 1024 cylinders. The cylinder information is also provided in the partition table display. h) As explained in the Linux installation guide, the user sets the Linux Swap partition. i) If space beyond 1024 cylinders is available, the user sets the extended partition as a Linux partition and mounts the /home directory in this partition. The ‘/’ mount must be done in the /dev/hda3 partition. If this is not correctly implemented the system may not boot into Linux correctly. j) Once the hard disk is partitioned, the user continues with the Linux installation as elaborated in the Linux installation guide. A sample /etc/lilo.conf file for a triple-boot system with Windows 98, QNX and Linux is shown below. boot=/dev/hda map=/boot/map install=/boot/boot.b prompt timeout=50 default=linux image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.2.12-20 label=linux initrd=/boot/initrd-2.2.12-20.img read-only root=/dev/hda3 other=/dev/hda2 label=qnx other=/dev/hda1 label=win98 This allows Windows 98 to boot from partition /dev/hda1, QNX OS to boot from partition /dev/hda2, and Linux/RT-Linux to boot from /dev/hda3. k) Checking Partitions - Another way to check the partitions is to boot into Linux, login as root, and type at the Linux prompt # fdisk /dev/hda The partition table is displayed on the screen by typing ‘p’ at the command prompt. For example, shown below is the partition table of a hard disk with 1584 cylinders. Disk /dev/hda: 255 heads, 63 sectors, 1584 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/hda1 1 128 1028128+ c Win95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/hda2 129 651 4200997+ 4d QNX4.x /dev/hda3 * 652 1023 2988090 83 Linux /dev/hda4 1024 1313 2329425 5 Extended /dev/hda5 1024 1040 136521 82 Linux swap /dev/hda6 1041 1313 2192841 83 Linux Note that Linux, QNX and Windows are within the first 1024 cylinders. The Linux Swap partition another Linux partition (that mounts /home) is in the space between cylinders 1024 and 1313. The * indicates the active boot partition, which is easily changed by configuring LILO. Configuring the PC into the Network. 1. Windows 98 a) Install the drivers for your network card. You can do this from My Computer > Control Panel > Add New Hardware. b) Open My computer > control panel > network c) In the 'configuration' tab, do the following c.1) Add > protocol > Microsoft > TCP/IP c.2) Add > client > Microsoft > Client for microsoft Networks d) Double click on 'Client for microsoft Networks' in 'configuration' tab and select 'logon to Windows NT domain'. Enter 'WindowsNT domain' as MICROSOFTSUCKS. e) Double click on TCP/IP. e.1) Enter DNS configuration. e.2) Select 'Enable DNS'. e.3) In the 'Host' field, enter the hostname. For example, if the hostname of your computer is crb14.ces.clemson.edu, enter crb14 here, and enter ces.clemson.edu in the 'Domain' field. e.4) Add the following to the DNS Server Search Order 130.127.37.11 130.127.200.15 130.127.8.8 e.5) Add the following to Domain Suffix Search Order. ces.clemson.edu clemson.edu e.6) Click on the 'IP Address' tab and enter the IP Address of the machine. The netmask is 255.255.255.0 e.7) Click on the 'Gateway' tab and enter the gateway as 130.127.172.2. Click OK. f) Click on the 'Identification' tab and enter the computer name ( for example crb14.ces.clemson.edu). The workgroup is MICROSOFTSUCKS. g) Click on 'Access Control' tab and select User-level Access Control and enter MICROSOFTSUCKS in the field for 'Obtain list of users and groups from'. This finishes your network configuration for Windows 98. 2. Red-Hat Linux 6.1 The network configuration for linux is a part of the installation process. If you haven't confiured network yet, use 'linuxconf' or 'netconf' commands to do the same. 3. QNX 4.0 Follow the manual Setting up a QNX machine for networking to configure QNX into the network. Installation of other softwares. Refer the appropriate manuals for installation of the following softwares : 1. In Windows 98: a) MATLAB : Just run the setup program in the CD and follow on-screen instructions. b) QRTS Base Package : http://ece.clemson.edu/crb/procedures/qrts_mat_win.htm 2. In linux: a) QRTS Base Packages : http://support.qrts.com/support/manuals/baseqrts_linux/ b) MATLAB : http://ece.clemson.edu/crb/procedures/LinuxMATLABInstall.htm c) RT Linux Target 1.2 : http://support.qrts.com/support/manuals/rtlt_linux/index.html --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Back to Documentation index --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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