Oracle RAC安裝完畢后，監(jiān)聽、tnsname.ora按照Oracle默認配置好后，在服務器端用sqlplus連接沒有問題，但是用客戶端連接，會出現有時候連不上的錯誤，解決方法：
1、修改監(jiān)聽文件，增加SID_LIST_LISTENER，兩臺機器都要修改，修改完畢后如下：
LISTENER_ORCL1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER_ORCL1 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0)
(SID_NAME = ora1)
)
)
2、修改tnsname.ora，兩臺機器都要修改，例如第一臺機器：
用Oracle的netca配置的時候，只配置了一個監(jiān)聽LISTENERS_ORCL，手工增加另外兩個監(jiān)聽。
LISTENER_ORCL2 =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))
)
LISTENER_ORCL1 =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
LISTENERS_ORCL =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
ORCL1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
ORCL2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))
(LOAD_BALANCE = yes)
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
3、修改pfile，將兩個本地監(jiān)聽設置上。
可以先導出一份spfile，修改完畢后再導入pfile。增加以下三行：
*.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL'
ora1.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL1'
ora2.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL2'
另外，在啟動oralce時，出現ora-32006的錯誤，數據庫倒是起來能用。到網上搜索一通，說是oracle10g以后 將*.log_archive_start=TRUE 這個參數去掉了，把這行從spfile中刪除了，再啟動沒有報錯。是否真的不需要這個參數，還需要再確認。
4、oracle驅動
經測試發(fā)現，在oracle RAC環(huán)境下，如果down掉一個實例，應用出現以下錯誤：
Io 異常: Software caused connection abort: socket write error
org.apache.cocoon.ProcessingException: error on execute servlet:login: javax.servlet.ServletException: error on execute servlet:login
cause: java.sql.SQLException: Io 異常: Software caused connection abort: socket write error
經反復測試，確定原因是oracle的驅動ojdbc14.jar沒有放到WEB-INF/lib下的原因。此啟動在公共lib下，必須COPY到當前工程下，才能實現fail-over的自動切換.
5、測試jdbc連接的程序：
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
public class RacTest {
/**
* 測試RAC
*
* @param args
* @throws ClassNotFoundException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
String url;
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
Properties conProps = new Properties();
conProps.put("user", "sys");
conProps.put("password", "XXXX");
conProps.put("internal_logon", "sysdba");
url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@(description= (ADDRESS_LIST =";
url += "(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=192.168.0.1)(port=1521))"; // 服務器IP
url += "(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=192.168.0.2)(port=1521))";
url += "(load_balance=yes))"; // 是否負載均衡
url += "(connect_data =";
url += "(server = dedicated)";// 專用服務器模式 可以去掉？
url += "(service_name=orcl)"; // 服務名
//url += "(failover_mode =";
//url += "(type=session)";
//url += "(method=preconnect)";
//url += "(retries=5)";
//url += "(delay=15))";
url += " ))";
/**
* LOAD_BALANCE = yes表示程序走sword連接的時候，將在下面的地址里面隨機的選擇一個，達到接點間連接均勻
* failover表示開啟TAF(Transparent Application Failover)特性，其中TYPE = * SESSION表示當一個連接好的會話 * 的實例發(fā)生故障，系統(tǒng)會自動將會話切換到其他可用的實例，前臺應用無須再度發(fā)起連接，但會話正在執(zhí)行的SQL 需要重新執(zhí)行，METHOD = * BASIC表示初始連接就連接一個接點，他還有個選項是preconnect，表示初始連接所有的 * 接點，在failover的時候可以很快就切過去，這個基本是資源浪費 RETRIES:重試次數 DELAY:重試間的延遲(以秒為單位)
* 如果指定了RETRIES，DELAY默認為1 如果指定了DELAY，RETRIES默認為5
*/
// String sql = "select * from oa_sfm_fb_fwgl t where t.pk_id =
// '17233'";
String sql = "select * from v$instance";
try {
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, conProps);
// conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
stmt = conn.createStatement();
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
if (rs.next()) {
System.out.print(rs.getString("INSTANCE_NAME"));
}
rs.close();
rs = null;
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
conn.close();
conn = null;
} catch (SQLException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
rs = null;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
conn = null;
} catch (SQLException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
第一步就是：$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listerer.ora那個文件，用netca自動生成時只有LISTENER_ORCL1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
)
