3. quantity or amount 數(shù)目; 數(shù)量: the number of...匼plain ......
的數(shù)目; ......的數(shù)量(作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù))
a number of ...(= some)一些; 若干; 許多(后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式, 作主語時, 謂
語動詞用復(fù)數(shù))
a large/ great/ big number (= a great / good many)大批; 大量
ant. a small number of
to the number of匼plain(= as many as) 達(dá)到......數(shù)目; 總數(shù)為
in number (= by number) 總計(jì); 總共
nurse [n[:s]n. 1.a person, typically a woman, who is trained to take care of sick,
hurt, or old people, esp. as directed by a doctor in a hospital
護(hù)士
a doctor and nurse 一名醫(yī)生和一名護(hù)士(英語中表示成雙成對的一對名詞, 第二
個名詞前的冠詞可以省略)
2.a woman employed to take care of a young child褓姆; 保育員
nut [nQt] n.1. a dry fruit with a seed surrounded by a hard shell consisting of usu.
2 parts 堅(jiān)果; 硬殼果;
2. this seed, which is eaten 果仁
for nuts (用于否定句) 一點(diǎn)也(不); 怎么也(不)
a hard / tough nut難題; 難處理的情況
obey v. to do what one is asked or ordered to do by someone
服從; 遵守; 順從
obey the law/orders rules/ones instructions/sb.
遵守法律/服從命令/遵守規(guī)則/按照說明/遵從某人
obey to sb.遵從某人; 服從某人
ant. break
object I. n. 1.a thing; substance 物; 物體
2.purpose; aim目的; 目標(biāo)
3. 賓語 no object (= not a difficulty) 毫無困難; 不成問題
II. v. (+ to ) to be against something or someone
反對某事或某人(后接介詞to)
objection n. (= disapproval; opposition)不贊成; 反對
ocean n. 1.[(the +) U] the great mass of salt water that covers most of the earth
(帶定冠詞the)海洋
2.[C](often cap. As part of a name) any of the great seas into which
this mass is divided(當(dāng)名稱時常大寫)洋
oceans of (= lots of)許多
occur v.1. (occurred; occurring) (esp. of unplanned events) to happen; take
place (指未計(jì)劃的事件)發(fā)生
2.(often neg.) ( esp. of something not alive) to exist
(常否定) (指無生命物的)存在
occur to sb. 浮現(xiàn)于
[辨析]: occur所指的事情, 既可以是意料中的, 也可以是意外的; happen強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的
意外與偶然; take place通常強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的預(yù)先安排.
occurrence n.
o'clock adv. (of the clock的縮寫)......點(diǎn)鐘 （只用于表示正點(diǎn)）
October n. the 10th month of the year 十月
of prep. 1. belonging to(表示所屬關(guān)系)......的
2.(that is )part in relation to ( a whole or all)(after expression
of quantity)(表示數(shù)量)......的
3.from among (表示其中)......的
be of great little/some/any/no/not/much + 抽象名詞(如: value, importance, use,
significance等 ) = be +形容詞(valuable, important, useful, useless,
significant 等) 表示主語的特性;
be of a size/ an age/ a style/ ...= be the same size/ age/ style/... 表示 同一 .......; of one s own 某人自已的;
in spite of 盡管;
be tired of ...厭倦;
be fond of ... 喜歡;
a row of ...一排;
a friend of mine/ my father's我的/我父親的一位朋友
off I. adv. 1. away 離開; 離去; 脫離; 脫落
drive off 開走;
get off 從 ......下來;
take off 起飛； 脫掉
be off 離開;
2. aside 向旁邊
3. (表示中斷) (電, 自來水)停了
turn off 關(guān)
ant. on
II. prep. away from 離開(表面)
Keep off the grass勿踐踏草地;
jump off跳離;
offer v. to hold out; to give 提供; 提出; 給與
n. 提供；提出；提議；報(bào)價
offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. (主語) 拿給某人某物; 給與;
offer to do sth. ( 主語)提出做某事
offer sb. a lift home 讓某人搭車回家
office n. 1.a place where business is done 辦事處；事務(wù)所；營業(yè)所
2.a place where written work is done in connection with a business)
辦公室；辦事處；
3. a place where a service is provided 服務(wù)處
4.a government department (通常大寫）政府的部、局、處
5.employment and special duties 職務(wù); 職責(zé)
6. a position of some importance, esp. in government高級職位
be fit for ones office勝任職務(wù);
take office 就職;
work in an office當(dāng)職員;
an office girl女職員
an office boy勤雜工
office hours辦公時間; 營業(yè)時間; 門診時間
officer n.1.a person in a position of command in the armed forces軍官
2. A person who holds a position of some importance, esp. in
government, a business, or a group
（政府，企業(yè)或團(tuán)體中）高級官員；高級職員
3.a policeman警察
official I. n. a person who works in government, esp. one whose job is
less import than that of a government officer.
文職官員；公務(wù)員（指其職務(wù)較government officer次要的）
II. adj. of or about a position of trust, power, and responsibility
官方的；正式的
often adv. 1.(at) many times 多次地； 時常地
2. In many cases在許多情況下
[用法] 1. 一般位于be動詞之后, 或第一個助動詞之后, 或行為動詞之前
2. 多與一般現(xiàn)地時連用.
[辨析] always, often, usually: always ( = at all times)作 總是講, 含有 毫
無例外之意; often指桑罵槐經(jīng)常性 的動作; usually 也可指 經(jīng)常 的動作, 但
側(cè)重從已形成 習(xí)慣 的角度來說明動作.
ant. seldom
oh interj. （expressing surprise, fear, etc.）(表示驚訝, 恐懼等)啊; 哦; 哎呀
oil n. any of several types of fatty liquid ( from animals, plants, or under
the ground) used for buring, for making machines run easily, also for
cooking 油
burn the midnight oil (= stay up late at night to read or study)
讀書至深夜; 開夜車; 挑燈夜讀
O.K./ okay adj. 1. all right; satisfactorily順利地； 令人滿意地
2. all right; agreed; yes 好的；可以 （用于征詢尋建議的意
見，或表示同意，或表示許可）
old adj.1. advanced in age; of age(年紀(jì)）大的；年歲的
2. having lived or existed for a long time or long enough to show signs
of age.年老的；舊的； 古老的
the old/young/poor/sick 老人/年輕人/窮人/病人（the +adj. 相當(dāng)于名詞，作主語
時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。）
the older of the two men 兩個人中年紀(jì)較大的那個（the+比較級：表示兩者中最高
級，意為“兩者中最/較......的那一個”）;
a boy of 5/ a five-year-old boy/ a boy five years old 一個五歲的男孩;
[辨析] older 與 elder: older表示年齡較大的, 用于比較兩者之間年齡, 可與than連
用; 還可以表示事物年代的久遠(yuǎn); elder表示年長的, 用于比較兩個人的長幼, 表
示兄弟姐妹關(guān)系, 不與than連用
elder brother/ sister哥哥/姐姐
on I. prep. 1. (so as to be)touching ( a surface) 在.......上
2. during; at the time of 在......時候; 在從事......中
3.about 關(guān)于
4. by means of靠
5.to; towards; in the direction of朝向;向......方向
6. supported by, hanging from, or fastened to 由......支持;
自......懸下; 綁于......上
7.very near非常近
8.along ( esp. a long or flat surface)沿著
9. on the occasion of or directly after在...場合; 一.....就
10. because of; as a result of; through
因?yàn)? 由于; 依據(jù)...... ; 照.....
11. in a state of 在...情況之下
12.as a member of 為......之一員
13.working for; belonging to為......工作; 屬于.
14.by means of and /or in 以......方式
II.adv. 1.in or into a state of being connected or in place(穿,戴,放......)上
2. so as to be connected to the electrical supply, lit, or in use
(電燈,水管等)接通
3. continuously, instead of stopping進(jìn)行下去; 繼續(xù)下去
4.further更向前; 更遠(yuǎn)的
5. forward向前
and so on等等;
on and on繼續(xù)不斷
on board在船上
on doing sth(= as soon as...)一.......就.......
on ones own獨(dú)立地, 獨(dú)自地
on ones/the way (to)在去......的路上, 即將......
on the point of...正要......的時候
on the/an open fire在篝火上
on time準(zhǔn)時, 按時
on the top of在......上面
on average平均; on foot步行
on holiday/vacation休假, 度假
on fire著火, 失火
on the air(用無線電, 電視)播送
on the radio通過收音機(jī)
on show展覽, 陳列
on strike罷工
on guard站崗
on duty值班
talk on the telephone在電話里交談
on business出差;
once I. adv. / n. 1.one time; on one occasion一次; 一回
2. some time ago; formerly 從前; 曾經(jīng); 一度
II. conj. from the moment that...一旦......就......(接時間狀語從句,與as soon
as相反, 都有表示主句動作是緊接在從句的動作之后發(fā)生, 但as
soon as強(qiáng)調(diào)時間性緊接, once則帶有條件意味)
all at once突然
at once立即, 馬上
once again/ more再一次, 重新
once in a while偶爾, 隔些時候
once upon a time從前
once or twice數(shù)次,幾次, 一兩次
one num. & adj. 1.a 一個
2.a certain某一個
3.some哪一
4.the same同樣的
pron.一(個,只, .......) (pl. ones)
one after another一個接一個地
one another(= each other)互相, 彼此
one ...another...一個......另一個......;
one by one依次地, 一個一個地;
one ...the other... (用于二者之間)一個......另外......
[辨析] 1. a(n) 與 one: 二者都表示 一(個)的意思, 有時可以互換, 特別在表示時間、
長度及重量時： in a word = in one word 概括地說， 總而言之。 但在
多數(shù)情況下，它們?nèi)匀淮嬖谥欢ǖ牟町悾饕谟冢翰欢ü谠~意在說明“類
別”， 而數(shù)詞one意在強(qiáng)調(diào)“數(shù)目”； 在表示數(shù)目對比的場合里， 只能用
數(shù)詞one， 而不能用不定冠詞；有些習(xí)語中，用不定冠詞和用數(shù)詞one意義
不同.
at a time每次
at one time一度
more than a year一年多（如一年又三個月）
more than one year不止一年（如兩年或三年）
one day 有一天
an hour or two = one or two hours 一、二個小時， 若干時辰
a day or two = one or two days一兩天
one rainy day = on a rainy day在一個下雨天
2. it, one, that: 三者都可用來代替前面提到過的人或物，但三者用法有別：it
可代替前面提到過的同一事物，表示 “同一”； 既可以代替可數(shù)名詞，也可以
代替不可數(shù)名詞；還可以代替上文中的某個句子或句子中的一部分；通常不加
修飾語；復(fù)數(shù)形式為them; one可代替前面提到過的同類人或物， 表示 “同
類”；只能代替可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones; 其前一般帶有修飾語； 其前加
上定冠詞則表示特指； that可代替前面提到過的同類事物，表示特指，相當(dāng)于
“the +名詞”，其后一般帶有修飾語（介詞短語或定語從句），其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 those.
Oneself pron. (反身代詞)自己， 親自
all by oneself獨(dú)自（沒有別人幫助）
enjoy oneself（=have a good time）自己娛樂，玩得快活
teach oneself sth.自學(xué)
by oneself獨(dú)自地
of oneself自發(fā)地，自動地；for oneself獨(dú)自， 獨(dú)立，自己
help oneself to sth.（= take what one want or like）隨便拿或取
give oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于......
only adj. having no others; in the same group; of the same quality; the best
唯一的；僅有的; 最高分
adv. and nothing more; and no one else只；僅僅；只是；才
if only但愿(句中動詞要用虛擬語氣)
not only ...(but) also...不僅......而且......(用來連接兩個平衡結(jié)構(gòu), 如果連接的是兩個
主語, 句子的謂語動詞要采用就近原則)
only a little(= not much)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)
only just剛剛, 正好
only too(=very)太......了, 很, 非常
the only one of the + n.(pl.)+ 定語從句（定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式）
[注意] only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝；修飾主語
時，句子不倒裝。和不定式連用常構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語。
Onto prep. to a position or point on到......的上面
jump onto / on the horse跳到馬上/跳上馬
open adj. 1.not shut開的
with open eyes張開眼睛
push the door open把門推開
2.not enclosed開放的；空曠的
be open to sb.對某人開放
open fields空曠的田野
3.not covered露天的；無蓋的
in the open air在露天，室外， 戶外
on an open fire 在篝火上
4. ready for business（商店等）開著的；營業(yè)的
vt./vi. 開， 打開， 睜開；開放；開始，開學(xué)，開幕
open fire at/on (= start shooting at)開火
open out (= speak more freely) 自由地說出
open up 打開， 開放；開創(chuàng)；開辟
ant. closed adj. close v.
operate vt./ vi. 1.to (cause to ) work; 操作；操縱；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
2. to produce effects 生效
3. to be in action實(shí)行
4. to cut the body in order to set right or remove a
diseased part（做）手術(shù)
operate a machine操作機(jī)器
operate on sb. 給某人做手術(shù)
operation n.1.[U] a start of working; the way a thing works; a state in
which effects can be produced運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn); 運(yùn)用; 操作; 實(shí)施
come / go into operation實(shí)施; 生效; 開始運(yùn)作; 開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
in operation實(shí)施中的; 操作中的; 正生效的
2.[C] the cutting of the body in order to set right or remove
a diseased part手術(shù)
perform/ give an operation on sb. for...為......病而給某人做手術(shù)
need an operation需要手術(shù)
opinion n. that a person thinks about something 看法; 見解
have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of (= think well/ badly of )
對......印象好/壞; 對......評價高/低
in ones opinion(= in ones view) 依某人見解; 據(jù)某人看來
What's your opinion about ...?你對......的看法怎樣?
opposite adj. 1.as different as possible from相反的;
2. facing對面的; 相對的
be opposite to在......的對面
in the opposite direction 在/朝相反的方向
adv. 對面; 相反
or conj. 1.and not[用于否定句中的并列]也不 not ...or...
2. [表示選擇]還是
either...or...要么......要么; 不是......就是......;
whether...or... 是......還是......; 是不是......[用來引導(dǎo)主語從句, 賓語從句或讓步狀語從
句]
3.大約; 或許
two or three days兩三天
sooner or later遲早
or so(=about; at least; or more大約; 左右
4.or (else) (= if not ; otherwise)否則; 要不然
syn. otherwise
orange n. a type of very common round bitter-seet fruit from hot areas with
a reddish-yellow outside and divided into parts inside
橙子; 柑子; 橙色
adj. the colour of an orange橙色的
order n. 1. a command or direction or something to be done, given by a person
who has the right or power to command[常用復(fù)數(shù)形式]命令
obey the orders 服從命令
give orders for ...吩咐做......;
2.a request (as to a tradesman) to supply goods 定貨; 定貨單
be on order已經(jīng)訂購
place an order for sth. with sb.向某人訂購某物
3. the special way in which a group of people, objects, etc., are
arranged in connection with each other順序; 次序
in order整齊; 按順序
in order of...以......為序
in good order(= orderly adj.) 井井有條
out of order出了故障
4. purpose目的; 意向: in order to(+do sth) 以便; 為了
in order that(+ 從句)(=so that) 以便; 為了[從句的謂語動詞之前要有情態(tài)動詞might,
can, could, may等]
5. the condition in which laws and rules are obeyed by most of the
people and the government or the person(s) in charge can keep
control規(guī)則; 秩序
v. to give an order; command命令[后接that 從句, 從句謂語動詞用should +動詞原
形, should可以省略. order 作名詞后接同位語從句和表語從句也一樣]
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
ordinary adj. not usual; common 普通的; 平常的; 平凡的
in an ordinary way 用普通的方法
in the ordinary way按慣例
out of the ordinary(= unusual; uncommon) 不尋常的; 特殊的
ordinary-looking adj. 長相一般的
ordinarily adv. (= in an ordinary way; usually) 正常的, 一般地; 通常
ant. special ; extraordinary
organize/ organise vt./vi. to form (parts ) into a whole
組織, 建立; 組織起來
organization n. the arrangement of parts so as to form an effective whole/ a
group of people with a special purpose, such as a club or
business 組織
organizer n. 組織者
other adj. 1.the remaining (one or ones ) of a set; what is/are left as well
as that / those mentioned剩余的, 其余的
2.( +than) additional ; more as well多余的;其他的;更多的
3. not the same; not this; not oneself; not one's own, etc.
不同的;不是這個的;別人的;非自己的
the other day every other day write on every other line pron.
另一個人(物); 其余的人(物); 其他人(物): each other相互; 彼此; one...the other一個......另一個
some...others... 一些.......另一些......; 比較級+than any other +n.(單) /比較級+ than any
of the other +n.(復(fù)): 比任何...都...;
the two other books = the other two books = two other books 還有兩本書;
[辨析] other, the other, others, the others, another: other作前置定語, 修飾
單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 表示泛指; another用于泛指三者以上的不定數(shù)目中的 另一
個. 其名詞前不要加冠詞. the other表示兩者加的 另一個 或兩部分中的 另
一部分. 是特指. others用作代詞, 泛指 其他人 或 其它物. the others指
整體中除去一部分后, 剩余的全部. 表特指.
otherwise adv. if not; or else 否則, 要不然 [同]or , or else
ought aux. v. to have the moral duty (to do something); should
應(yīng)當(dāng); 應(yīng)該(須與to 連用)
ought to do sth.應(yīng)該做某事
oughtn’t (=ought not )to do sth.不應(yīng)該做某事
ought to have done sth.(過去)本應(yīng)該做某事(而實(shí)際上沒做)(表示后悔或責(zé)備)
syn. should
our pron. belonging to us[we的所有格, 形容詞性物主代詞]我們的
ours pron. that/those belonging to us[名詞性物主代詞](= our + n.) 我們的
ourselves pron. [we的反身代詞]我們自己
by ourselves 獨(dú)立地
out adv. away from the inside; in or to the open air, the outside, etc.
在外; 向外; 離開
be worn out穿破; 累壞
go out出去; 熄滅
find a way out 找到出路
tire out使精疲力竭
put out(使)熄滅
turn out熄滅
work out算出; 解出
speak out 大聲說
be sold out被賣完了
out of 在......外; 在外; 缺乏; 沒有; 用完; 由于; 出于
out of work失業(yè)
out of ones reach夠不著
out of breath 上氣不接下氣
outdoors adv. in the open air在戶外; 在野外
outdoor adj. existing, happening, done, or used in the open air
戶外的; 室外的
ant. indoor
outside n. the outer part of a solid object; the part that is furthest from
the centre, or that faces away towards other people or towards
the open air外部；外面；外表；外層
adj. 1. facing the outside外部的
