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詞   法

冠詞、不定冠詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 對(duì)于the與a, an的理解（弄請(qǐng)“特指”與“泛指”）
● 牢記常見(jiàn)固定搭配（詞組 / 短語(yǔ)）
● 牢記只能用the或只能用零冠詞的幾種情況
◇例題：1. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____leg.（2001年）
A. a B. one C.the      D. his
2. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _____good knowledge of basic word information.（2002年）
A. / B. the C.a       D. one
3. I earn 10 dollars _____ hour as _____ supermarket cashier onSundays.（2003年）
A. a, an B. the, a C. an,a    D. an, the

名 詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 常用的修飾名詞，表示名詞數(shù)量的詞組辨析
       ● 一些常見(jiàn)名詞的不規(guī)則單復(fù)數(shù)變化
       ● 名詞的所有格 (’s / of) 及雙重所有格 (of +’s)
       ● 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系
       ● 名詞修飾名詞
◇例題：1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ ofdesert _____ covered the land.
        （2001年）
A. number,has      B. quantity, has   C. number,have   D. quantity, have
2. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothesthat we took _____ pictures of them. （2003年）
A. large amount of B. massesof    C. the number of   D. many of

代 詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 人稱(chēng)代詞（主格 / 賓格）、物主代詞、反身代詞
       ● 指示代詞（it, that, this）的用法
          "it的用法：指代上文中的物或事；用作表示年份、時(shí)間、季節(jié)、氣候的主語(yǔ)；
用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)
          "that 在同類(lèi)事物的比較句中的用法
       ● 不定代詞：" another, other(s), the others
                    " both, either, neither, all, none
                    " one, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little
                    " each, every
       ● 復(fù)合不定代詞：（與形容詞的位置關(guān)系）-thing, -one, -body
◇例題：1. Both team were in hard training; _____ was willing tolose the game. （2001年）
A. either B. neither C.another D. the other
2. Shanghai is really a nice city and we decided to stay for _____two weeks. （2003年）
A. another B. other C. theother D. other’s
3. I had to buy ____ these books since I didn’t know which one wasthe best. （2004年）
A.both       B. none C.neither        D. all
4. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side wouldaccept the conditions of _____. （2005年）
A. either B. the other C.others D. another

數(shù) 詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 分?jǐn)?shù)、時(shí)間、編碼的用法
       ● hundred, thousand, million, billion, score, dozen + s +of表示數(shù)量多
       ● 表示數(shù)量單位的詞作定語(yǔ)的用法

形容詞"副詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 形容詞在句中的位置（前置定語(yǔ) / 后置定語(yǔ) /表語(yǔ)）
       ● 多個(gè)形容詞的排序
       ● 形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換（-ly）
       ● 副詞在句中的位置（動(dòng)詞的前后）
       ● 常用程度副詞的辨析：very, much, (by)far, quite, rather, fairly,too, so, such, enough, badly, much too, almost, nearly, hardly,that, this…
       ● 形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)：
          "不規(guī)則變化； "比較級(jí)的修飾詞； "降級(jí)比較；"比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)；
"as…as的用法（倍數(shù)的位置）；    "the more…the more的用法；
"no+比較級(jí)+than與not+比較級(jí)+than的用法辨析
◇例題：1. In recent years travel companies have succeeded inselling us the idea that the farther we go, __________.（2001年）
A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday willbe the better
C. the better our holiday will be D. the betterwill our holiday be
2. As I know, there is _____ car in this neighborhood.（2001年）
A. no such B. no a C. notsuch D. no such a
3. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and themore you learn, _____. （2002年）
A. the more for life are you equipped  B. the moreequipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for  D. you areequipped the more for life
4. The house rent is expensive. I have got about half the space Ihad at home and I’m paying _____ here. （2003年）
A. as three times much B. as much threetimes
C. much as three times D. three times asmuch
5. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a nativespeaker. （2004年）
A. as fluent as  B. more fluentthan
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
6. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _____ Great Britain.（2005年）
A. three times the size as B. the size three timesof
C. three times as the size of D. three times thesize of

動(dòng) 詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 連系動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法功能：（+表語(yǔ)）
       ● 延續(xù)動(dòng)詞和瞬間動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化
       ● 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：can, may, must, need, dare, shall, should, oughtto
       ● ＊情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的用法
       ●動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)、
將來(lái)完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）
       ● 動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)：（注意：用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的情況）
●＊?jiǎng)釉~虛擬語(yǔ)氣
◇例題：1. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be wateredif they _____. （2001年）
A. have survived B. are tosurvive C. wouldsurvive    D.will survive
2. –Will you go skiing with me this wintervacation?   –It _____.（2002年）
A. is all depended B. alldepends C. is alldepending    D.all depend
3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he_____ from the university next year. （2002年）
A. will graduate B. will havegraduated 
C. graduates   D. is to graduate
4. I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child.（2002年）
A. is toblame   B. isgoing to blame  
C. is to be blamed   D. shouldblame
5. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, buthe ____it. （2003年）
A. doesn’t mention  B. hadn’tmentioned
C. didn’t mention  D. hasn’tmentioned
6. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power_____ increased enormously ever since. （2004年）
A.is         B.was       C. hasbeen      D. had been
7. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatlyif people _____ to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004年）
A.persuade           B. willpersuade 
C. be persuaded   D. arepersuaded
8. More than a dozen students in that school _____ abroad to studymedicine last year.
 （2005年）
A. sent B. were sent C. hadsent     D. had been sent

       ● 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法：
          "理解非謂語(yǔ)的概念、基本形態(tài)（doing, done, to do）及時(shí)態(tài)變化
          "非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)（it做形式主語(yǔ)；動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）
          "非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做表語(yǔ)
          "非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)（it做形式賓語(yǔ)；部分動(dòng)詞+doing與+todo的辨析；
動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略）
          "非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞不定式做部分動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)時(shí)“to”的省略以及在被動(dòng)句中“to”的還原）
          "非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)（-ing和-ed分詞的辨析）
          "非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)（分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句的邏輯主語(yǔ)一致）
◇例題：1. The bell _____ the end of the class rang, _____ ourheated discussion. （2001年）
A. indicating, interrupting B. indicated,interrupting
C. indicating, interrupted D. indicated,interrupted
2. Finding her car stolen, _______. （2001年）
A. a policeman was asked tohelp        B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked foreverywhere         D. she hurried to a policeman for help
3. I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island.（2001年）
A. to have had time B. havingtime    C. tohave time   D. to havingtime
4. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _____. （2001年）
A. he’d like to collect coins aswell       B. he feels like collecting coins, too
C. to collect coins is also hishobby       D. collecting coins also pleases him
5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market,many state-run companies are striving _____ their products morecompetitive. （2002年）
A. to make B. making C. to havemade  D. having made
6. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster ___if a mirrorwas broken. （2002年）
A. was sure of striking  B. wassure of having struck
C. was sure to be struck  D. wassure to strike
7. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him touniversity. （2002年）
A. lacked B. lacking of C.lacking      D. lacked in
8. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases_____only to people withspecific knowledge. （2002年）
A. being known B. having known C.to be known   D. known
9. _____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.（2002年）
A. Exposed   B.Having exposed
C. Being exposed  D. After beingexposed
10. The discovery of new evidence led to _____. （2003年）
A. the thief having caught  B.catch the thief
C. the thief being caught  D. thethief to be caught
11. Generally speaking, when _____ according to the directions, thedrug has no side effect. （2003年）
A. taking B. taken C. totake      D. to be taken
12. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had beenordered _____ clear warning before firing any shots.（2003年）
A. to issue B. being issued C. tohave issued  D. to be issued
13. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of privatecars _____ road conditions need _____. （2003年）
A. that, to be improved  B.which, to be improved
C. where, improving  D. when,improving
14. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25hours a week _____ TV.
   （2004年）
A. towatch        B. to watching C.watching    D.watch
15. The flu is believed _____ by viruses that like to reproduce inthe cells inside the human nose and throat. （2004年）
A. causing B. being caused C. tobe caused   D. be havecaused
16. The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract thevisitors to the beauty of nature. （2004年）
A. tosmell         B. smelling      C.smelt         D. to be smelt
17. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic atthe party. （2004年）
A.recorded         B.recording      
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
18. Having been attacked by terrorists, _____. （2004年）
A. doctors cane to their rescue B. the tallbuilding collapsed
C. an emergency measure wastaken      D. warnings were given to tourists
19. –English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
–Yes, _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easierto read and communicate. （2004年）
A.Know          B.Knowing       C. Toknow      D. Known
20. He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’trisk _____ the good opportunity. （2005年）
A. to lose B. losing C. to belost    D. beinglost
21. _____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant forresidents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.（2005年）
A. Put B.Putting        C. Having put   D. Beingput
22. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym forthree hours just _____ a look at the sports stars. （2005年）
A. had B.having         C. tohave      D. have
23. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays,_____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.（2005年）
A. taking B. taken C. havingtaken   D. being taken
24. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with treesproviding shade and _____ down to eat our picnic lunch.（2005年）
A. sitting B. havingsat      C. tosit    D. sat

介 詞

★要點(diǎn)：● 牢記固定的介詞詞組
       ● 準(zhǔn)確把握重要介詞的用法
       ● 辨析意義相近的介詞
◇例題：1. The sunlight came in _____ the windows in the roof andlit up the room. （2001年）
A. through B. across C.on D. over
2. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _____ an inch.（2002年）
A. by B. at C.to D. from
3. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism_____ the wildlife in the area. （2003年）
A. in B. on C.at D. with
4. The accident is reported to have occurred _____ the first Sundayin February.
（2004年）
A.at             B.on            C.in             D. to
5. John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _____ thebeginning of March. 05 （2005年）
A. on B. for C.with D. at