Unit One Great scientists一、重點導(dǎo)學(xué)根據(jù)所給句子判斷知識點的詞性詞義，并歸納其用法1、discover 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?那位科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)水中有一種力量能幫助物體漂?。?div style="height:15px;">
※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)Columbus discovered America in 1492.Do you know who discovered electricity?She discovered that he was excited.It was never discovered how he died.We soon discovered the truth.He discovered his mistake too late.Entering the room, I discovered him sitting near the fire, reading.We discovered her to be a good cook.※ 重點操練There were many talented actors out there just waiting .（被發(fā)現(xiàn)）2、put forward 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)Who put forward a theory about black holes? 誰提出了有關(guān)黑洞的原理？※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)Are you serious in putting forward such an idea?May I put your name forward as a possible monitor?The warm weather has put the crops forward by a month.Put the clock forward by ten minutes.※ 重點操練The meeting had been ______an hour.（提前）3、prove 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?你知道在一項科學(xué)實驗中怎樣來證明一個新觀點嗎？※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)He proved his courage in battles.Can you prove it to the court?Can you prove where you were last night?One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad.He proved himself to be an interesting man on the long journey.What he said proved right.The book proved a best seller.My suggestion proved to be better.This book will prove of great use to senior students.※ 重點操練Every means has been tried, but none proved _______.（成功）4、set out 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new scientific idea.分小組討論新的科學(xué)觀點的形成步驟。※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)They set out at six and hoped to arrive before dark.He set out to write a new novel.The runner set out to break the world record.He set out his ideas in simple English.They set out all their reasons.Set out the chairs for the meeting in rows of ten.The goods were set out on the shelves.※ 重點操練It’s ten years since the scientist _____ on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.（開始）5、attend 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.約翰·斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生—他醫(yī)術(shù)如此精湛因此成了照顧維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)I didn’t attend their wedding.His parents insisted that he attend a medical school.In his last illness he was attended by Dr. Li.The patient has three nurses attending him.Success often attends hard work.Our plans were attended with great difficulties.※ 重點操練She didn't ______ to what I was saying. （在意）6、expose 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)But he became inspired when he thought about helping exposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通老百姓時，他就感到很興奮。※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)Don’t expose it to the sun.New fashions are exposing more and more of the body.Her youth and beauty will expose her to many dangers.Her house is exposed to the weather.He exposed the plan to the newspapers.I threatened to expose him to the police.※ 重點操練The newspaper published an______of the film star's past life. （揭露）7、absorb 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)The sponge absorbed all the water on the desk.Living things absorb energy from the sun.Can the students absorb the lesson in an hour?The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teachers could gave him.The book absorbed his attention.Liu Wei sat down to study it and became absorbed.He was absorbed in his book.Completely absorbed in his work, he didn’t notice my coming.※ 重點操練She won't be able to ______ another heavy blow.（承受）8、suspect 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854,he was ready to begin his enquiry. 約翰·斯諾推測第二種理論是正確的，但他需要證據(jù)。因此，在1854年倫敦再次爆發(fā)霍亂時，他就準(zhǔn)備調(diào)查。※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)Everybody suspects his story about what he did during the war.I never told the police what I suspected.The police suspected that Bill did it. I suspect they'll come.We suspected that it was a trick to get our money.I suspect him to be a liar.We suspect him to have done it.We suspect they will be a little late.I suspect you may be right.The policeman suspected the thief of lying.The two men were suspected of receiving stolen property.※ 重點操練Little did we ______ that the district was so rich in mineral resources.(懷疑)9、blame 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)It seemed that the water was to blame. 看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?div style="height:15px;">
※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)I don’t blame you, I blame myself.None of the blame was yours.He blamed his failure on his teacher.I will not have you blame it on me.I must say that I am very much to blame.Nobody is to blame for it.She will put the blame on us if it turns out badly.Don’t lay the blame for that on me.I am going to take all the blame on myself.The driver must bear the blame.：Who is to blame?※ 重點操練The driver was not to ______ for the accident.（責(zé)怪）10、link 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在倫敦的另一地區(qū)，他從兩個與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)的死亡病例中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力證據(jù)。※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)The two towns were linked by a railway.They walked with linked arms.Fingerprints link the suspect to crime.I have heard his name linked with that of a well-known figure.The two units would link up.※ 重點操練Is there a ______between smoking and lung disease? （聯(lián)系）11、make sense 詞性： 詞義：※ 原句再現(xiàn)Only you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sence.只有你把太陽放在中心位置,天空中其它星體的運動才說得清楚.※ 拓展學(xué)習(xí)Your sentence doesn’t make sense.The article doesn’t make sense because there are too many new words.Your remark doesn’t make sense here.※ 重點操練Can you ______ of what this writer is saying?（理解）二、操練鞏固I、翻譯下列詞語1、提出（建議）2、專心3、特征，特性4、有意義，有道理5、減慢6、結(jié)束，推斷出7、挑戰(zhàn)，向……挑戰(zhàn)8、并且，另外9、得出結(jié)論10、.建設(shè)，結(jié)構(gòu)，建筑11、暴露，揭露，使曝光12、除了……之外13、對……嚴(yán)格要求14、吸收，使專心15、捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)，捐助16、調(diào)查17、在……的控制之下18、積極的，肯定的19、因某事責(zé)備某人20、通向，導(dǎo)致21、對某事熱心22、宣告，通告23、懷疑，嫌疑犯II. 根據(jù)語境填寫適當(dāng)?shù)脑~第一組：movement, construction, theory, cure, absorb, engine, positive, contribute, characteristic, control1 The new tunnel hasn’t been finished; it is still under _________.2 It is said that this kind of new medicine can _________ people of heart disease.3 _________ are to machines what hearts are to animals.4 As we know, exercise _________ to better health.5 The hotel fire was completely under _________ the moment the firemen arrived.6 The need to communicate is a key _________ of human society.7 I am a witness. I am _________ about what time it happened.8 He seemed totally _________ in that book. When I came in he didn’t notice me at all.9 According to the _________ of relativity, nothing travels faster than light.10 Wearing loose clothing gives you greater freedom of _________.第二組：handle, serve, enthusiastic, scientific, analyse, complete, blame, valuable, spin, conclude11 She is a ________ woman who never smiles.12 They didn’t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of ________ experiments.13 It came as a _________ surprise to me. I never thought of that.14 This kind of gold watch is really _________. It costs a lot of money to buy one.15 He _________ his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home.16 Suddenly the plane was _________ out of control.17 Who is to _________ for this road accident?18 It took us a long time to _________ what went wrong. And eventually we knew the problem.19 She was even less _________ about going to Japan.20 She turned the _________ and opened the door.第三組：cautious, repeat, reject, pump, virus, announce, expose, defeat, instruct, radium21 I _________ three times but he still couldn’t remember it.22 This engine is used for _________ water out of the mine.23 The government _________ yesterday to the media plans to create a million new jobs.24 This is the first time that our team has been _________ at basketball match.25 Madame Curie is always remembered by people as the discoverer of _________.26 You will be _________ where to go as soon as the car is ready.27 Don’t _________ yourself to strong sunlight; it will harm your skin.28 He was seriously ill because of a _________ infection.29 This proposal was firmly _________ at the meeting.30 He is very _________ about committing(承諾) himself to anything.III. A核心詞匯 根據(jù)句子意思寫出括號內(nèi)所給中文的正確形式。1．If we ____________(打敗) the Italian team，we’ll be through to the final.2．About two hundred students ____________(參加)the lecture by Professor Smith yesterday.3．Being ____________(暴露)to strong sunlight too much time is bad for your skin.4. Finding a cure for AIDS is one of the greatest ____________(挑戰(zhàn))facing doctors today.5．Two new roads have recently been opened，and several others are still under __________(建設(shè))．6．I applied for a job as a secretary there，but was ____________(拒絕)．7．His brother is a businessman who has already____________(捐助)500,000 yuan to the earthquake stricken area.8．Cigarettes give off too much poisonous vapour into the air，which ____________(污染)the environment badly.9．No one knows who stole her car，but the police have ____________ her neighbors.At last，the two ____________ were arrested today in connection with the robbery.(suspect)10．用conclude 的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Taking into account of all these factors，we may reach the ____________ that parents are the best teachers of their children.(2)Johnson ____________ from his studies that equality between the sexes is still a long way off.B 根據(jù)下列中文提示完成下面短文：(每空只填一詞)在歷史的長河中，科學(xué)家為這個世界做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。我認(rèn)為，科學(xué)家就是那些在工作中嚴(yán)格要求自己及專注于他們所從事的每件事的人。好的科學(xué)家從不莽撞地做出結(jié)論。反之，他對自己所提出的結(jié)論都極為謹(jǐn)慎，為此，他可以一次又一次做實驗?？茖W(xué)家都牢記這么一點：一個理論如果無法幫助世人從不可預(yù)料的困境中解脫的話，就不能稱之為好理論。而且，好的理論應(yīng)該是可以為其它理論的建立提供基礎(chǔ)的。因此，我們不難看到科學(xué)家們耗盡一生的心血，只為找到一個放諸四海而皆準(zhǔn)的理論。1)__________ history, scientists have made great 2)__________ to the world. In my 3)__________, scientists are those who are 4)__________ in their work and are always 5)__________ in everything they do. A good scientist never jumps to a 6)__________. Instead, he is 7)__________ of every 8)__________ he draws so that he does 9)__________ again and again to test the theory he has put 10)__________. Scientists keep it in 11)__________ that a theory makes no 12)__________ if it can’t help the world that is 13)__________ to unexpected dangers. In 14)__________, a good theory must be a base on which other ideas can be built. Because of this, it’s not rare for us to find scientists who devote all their life to a 15)__________ theory.IV.根據(jù)本單元課文內(nèi)容填寫恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~（每空一詞）John Snow was a well-known ① in London in the ② century. He wanted to find the ③ of cholera in order to ④ it. In 1854 when a cholera ⑤ out, he began to gather information. He ⑥ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ⑦ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the ⑧ of all water supply be ⑨ and new ways to ⑩ with polluted water be found. Finally ,“King Cholera” was defeated.V. 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的提示翻譯下列句子.1. 現(xiàn)在很有必要馬上通知他們會議取消了。(There’s a great need to…)2. 為了不讓野獸接近,我們讓火通宵達(dá)旦地燃燒著。（keep, have ）3. 在那種場合下你還惹麻煩真是丟人。（It’s a shame that…）4. 當(dāng)被問到為什么曠課時,他低著頭不說話。（absent , drop ）5. 他建議教室一天打掃兩次。（clean 虛擬 ）6. 只有用這種方法你才能解決問題。（in this way 倒裝 ）7. 孩子們不應(yīng)受到譴責(zé)。（不用被動形式）8. 你剛才說的話很有道理。 ( makes sense)9. 讓我用一句諺語結(jié)束我的演講：有志者，事竟成。( conclude … with)10. 第一次來到西安，他就決定在此安家。（settle）參考答案一、重點導(dǎo)學(xué)1、to be discovered 2、put forward 3、successful 4、set out 5、attend 6、expose 7、absorb8、suspect 9、blame 0、link 11、make sense二、操練鞏固I、1、put forward 2、be absorbed in 3、characteristic 4、make sense 5、slow down 6、conclude 7、challenge 8、in addition 9、draw a conclusion 10、construction 11、expose 12、apart from13、be strict/severe with 14、absorb 15、contribute 16、look into 17、under the control of 18、positive 19、blame sb. for sth 20、lead to 21、be enthusiastic for/about sth 22、announce 23、suspectII.第一組：1 construction 2 cure 3 Engines 4 contributes 5 control 6 characteristic 7 positive 8 absorbed9 theory 10 movement第二組：11 severe 12 scientific 13 complete 14 valuable 15 concluded 16 spinning 17 blame18 analyze 19 enthusiastic 20 handle第三組：21 repeated 22 pumping 23 announced 24 defeated 25 radium 26 instructed 27 expose28 virus 29 rejected 30 cautiousIII.A 1.defeat 2.attended 3.exposed 4.challenges 5.construction 6.rejected/refused 7.contributed 8.pollute 9.suspected；suspects 10.(1)conclusion (2)concludedB 1）Throughout 2）contributions 3）opinion 4）strict 5）absorbed 6）conclusion 7）cautious8）conclusion 9）experiments 10）forward. 11）mind 12）sense 13）exposed 14）addition15）universalIV. ① doctor ②19th ③cause ④defeat ⑤broke ⑥marked ⑦pump ⑧source ⑨examined ⑩dealIV.1. There’s a great need to tell them at once that the meeting has been called off/ cancelled.2. In order to keep wild animals away, we had the fire burning all night long.3. It’s a shame that you should have got into trouble on that occasion.4. When asked why he was absent from school, he dropped his head without a word.5. He suggests the classroom be cleaned twice a day.6. Only in this way can you solve the problem.7. The children were not to blame.8. What you said just now makes much sense.9. Let me conclude my speech with a saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.10. The first time he came to Xi’an，he decided to settle here.
