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先試試 connect / as sysdba,看行不行，如果行的話，
再試試connect / @ as sysdba看看監(jiān)聽配置是否有問題。
如果這一步有問題，說明監(jiān)聽這塊有問題。

1.cmd
2.sqlpls /nolog
3.connect sys/test as sysdba
沒有問題
1.cmd
2.sqlplus /nolog
3.connect sys/test@test as sysdba
ORA-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
說明監(jiān)聽有問題

查到了相關(guān)資料如下：
http://www.dba-oracle.com/sf_ora_12518_tns_listener_could_not_hand_off_client_connection.htm

The reason ORA-12518 is being throw may be because of DEDICATED connections because Oracle 10g has a value of PROCESSES is defaulted at 150 which can be lower than necessary in a production system. Also, in pre-9i MTS, ORA-12518 may be thrown in SHARED SERVER because the dispatcher may have reached the maximum connection value, so it denies all other.

There are two solutions for ORA-12518 depending on which symptom you may be experiencing.
a.For the DEDICATED occurrence of ORA-12518, you would need to try increasing the PROCESSES parameter so that it can handle the needed number of processes. You can ensure that you have the needed value by monitoring the listener log for ORA-12518. Also, note that because the PROCESSES parameter is static, the database will need to be bounced.
b.If you are experiencing ORA-12518 because of a shared server issue, you first would need to use the command below to shutdown the dispatcher:
SQL> alter system shutdown immediate 'D001';
Then, add on new dispatchers:
SQL> alter system set DISPATCHERS = '(protocol=tcp)(dispatchers=3)';

通過以上資料分析得出可能出現(xiàn)問題的原因有兩種：一是processes值設(shè)的過小，二是需要增加參數(shù)DISPATCHERS。

考慮到之前經(jīng)常遇到ora-00020超出最大進(jìn)程數(shù)的問題在安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的時(shí)候已經(jīng)把processes設(shè)到800了，為保險(xiǎn)起見再show parameter processes

SQL> show parameter process;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- -----
aq_tm_processes                      integer     0
db_writer_processes                  integer     1
gcs_server_processes                 integer     0
job_queue_processes                  integer     10
log_archive_max_processes            integer     2
processes                            integer     1000

再查進(jìn)程數(shù)

SQL> select count(*) from v$session;

  COUNT(*)
----------
       224

所以最后得出結(jié)論應(yīng)該不是processes的問題，應(yīng)該用b方法來解決
1.connect sys/test as sysdba
2.show parameters dispatchers;
NAME                TYPE             VALUE
dispatchers         string           (protocol=tcp)(service=oracle10xdb)
max_dispatchers      integer  
5.SQL>alter system set dispatchers = '(protocol=tcp)(dispatchers=3)(service=oracle10xdb)';
system altered
問題解決。
當(dāng)然根據(jù)實(shí)際情況你也可以用a方法解決，

可以用show parameters processes;

命令查看processes的值，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在安裝時(shí)默認(rèn)為150，對(duì)于大型應(yīng)用，32位的oracle一定要注意這個(gè)問題