作者：Amy Norton
NEW YORK | Fri Sep 16, 2011 2:18pm EDT
紐約/2011年9月16日 星期五
(Reuters Health) - Simply suggesting that a treatment will ease chest pain may not only dampen the pain, but directly alter heart arteries, a small study concludes.
（路透社健康頻道）一項(xiàng)小型研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，簡(jiǎn)單的暗示治療不僅可以緩解患者的胸部疼痛，而且可以直接改變心臟動(dòng)脈。
Among 30 patients having a procedure to evaluate their chest pain, researchers found that those who were told they were being given an infusion of a pain-relieving drug did, on average, report a decrease in pain.
有30名患者參與了試驗(yàn)，評(píng)估他們的胸部疼痛。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，平均而言，那些被告知將要接受鎮(zhèn)痛藥輸液治療的患者報(bào)告疼痛有所減輕。
But the participants also showed a measurable change in their heart arteries: a slight but distinct narrowing of the vessels.
但是受試者的心臟動(dòng)脈還表現(xiàn)出了一個(gè)可測(cè)量的變化：血管有輕度的但是明顯的縮小。
Exactly what the findings mean, and whether they have implications for heart disease patients, is not clear.
這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)究竟意味著什么，心臟動(dòng)脈的改變對(duì)患者是否有影響，目前尚不清楚。
None of the chest-pain patients actually had heart disease; they were told about the "drug" (which was actually harmless saline) only after testing had shown no blockages in their heart arteries.
這些胸痛患者實(shí)際上沒(méi)有人患有心臟疾?。凰麄儽桓嬷獙⒁褂玫?#8220;藥物”（事實(shí)上是無(wú)害的生理鹽水）僅在經(jīng)過(guò)檢測(cè)表明患者的心臟動(dòng)脈無(wú)阻塞后才使用。
The key point is that the power of suggestion created an objective change in the blood vessels, according to Drs. Karin Meissner and Joram Ronel of Technical University Munich in Germany.
德國(guó)慕尼黑科技大學(xué)的Karin Meissner博士和Joram Ronel博士稱，最關(guān)鍵的是，暗示的作用導(dǎo)致血管出現(xiàn)了實(shí)質(zhì)上的改變。
"The major finding was that the coronary vessels reacted so clearly to a mere psychological intervention," they told Reuters Health in an email.
他們?cè)谝环鈱?xiě)給路透社健康頻道的電子郵件中稱，“重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)在于冠狀動(dòng)脈血管對(duì)于一個(gè)單純的心理干預(yù)作出了如此明顯的反應(yīng)”。
And the reaction was in a direction opposite to the one researchers had expected to see.
而且這個(gè)翻譯與研究人員所期望看到的完全相反。
The patients were actually told that the "drug" they were receiving would widen their arteries to relieve their chest pain. Instead, there was a small amount of blood vessel constriction in the group overall.
實(shí)際上，患者被告知他們將要接受的“藥物”可以擴(kuò)張他們的動(dòng)脈，從而緩解胸痛。結(jié)果與之相反，有一小部分血管出現(xiàn)了收縮。
But that constriction does make biological sense, according to Meissner and Ronel.
不過(guò)，按照Meissner和Ronel博士的說(shuō)法血管收縮并沒(méi)有生物學(xué)意義。
In a healthy person who is under stress, the nervous system triggers a widening in the blood vessels so that blood circulation increases to meet the body's needs. When stress fades, the vessels can narrow again.
當(dāng)一個(gè)健康人在緊張時(shí)，神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)會(huì)激發(fā)血管擴(kuò)張，使血液循環(huán)增加，以滿足身體的需要。當(dāng)壓力減退，血管可以再度收縮。
"When the heart works less," Meissner and Ronel explained, "there is less need for blood supply, and the vessels will be less dilated than in a stressful situation. This is how we interpret our data."
Meissner和Ronel博士解釋說(shuō)，“當(dāng)心臟工作減少，血液需求水平會(huì)降低，而相對(duì)于緊張狀態(tài)，血管會(huì)有所收縮。這是目前我們對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的解釋。”
They added, though, that this is the process in a healthy person. The situation may be different in a person with heart disease.
然而，他們補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這是在健康人身上發(fā)生的過(guò)程。在患有心臟病的患者身上，情況可能會(huì)有所不同。
The findings, reported in the American Heart Journal, build on a phenomenon seen in clinical trials studying heart disease. That is, some people receiving placebos (inactive "treatments") report improvements in symptoms like chest pain.
《美國(guó)心臟雜志》報(bào)道了這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，該發(fā)現(xiàn)是建立在心臟病臨床研究時(shí)觀察到的現(xiàn)象上的。也就是說(shuō)，一部分接受安慰劑（無(wú)效“藥物”）的患者報(bào)告胸痛之類的癥狀得到緩解。
How much of that reaction is due to psychological or even biological effects is unclear.
這個(gè)反應(yīng)多大程度上取決于心理效應(yīng)或者甚至是生物效應(yīng)并不清楚。
To examine whether there might be placebo effects on the heart arteries, Meissner and Ronel's team looked at 30 patients who underwent coronary angiography to evaluate chest pain symptoms.
為了檢查心臟動(dòng)脈的改變是否是安慰劑效應(yīng)，Meissner和Ronel博士的團(tuán)隊(duì)觀察了30名接受冠狀動(dòng)脈造影的患者，以評(píng)估胸痛癥狀。
During coronary angiography, a thin tube (catheter) is threaded through a blood vessel into the heart, where a special dye is injected. Using X-rays, doctors can then look for blockages in the heart arteries that may be the source of the chest pain.
在冠狀動(dòng)脈造影時(shí)，一個(gè)細(xì)管（導(dǎo)管）通過(guò)血管進(jìn)入心臟，注入一種特殊的染料。通過(guò)X射線，醫(yī)生可以尋找心臟動(dòng)脈上的阻塞，這些阻塞可能是胸痛的根源。
The 30 patients were included in this study only after the test turned up no blockages. While still on the exam table, they were randomly assigned to either a "verbal suggestion" group or a control group.
只有當(dāng)檢查結(jié)果表明冠狀動(dòng)脈沒(méi)有阻塞以后，30名患者才被列入此項(xiàng)研究。然后，受試患者被隨機(jī)分配在“口頭暗示”組或者對(duì)照組。
In both groups, patients received an injection of saline into the catheter. Those in the verbal-suggestion group were told it was a drug that would widen their heart arteries and boost blood flow to the heart. Patients in the control group were told nothing.
這兩個(gè)組的患者都接受了通過(guò)導(dǎo)管注射生理鹽水的治療。那些“口頭暗示”組的患者被告知這種藥物會(huì)擴(kuò)張他們的動(dòng)脈和促進(jìn)血液流向心臟。而對(duì)照組的患者沒(méi)有被告知任何事項(xiàng)。
On average, the study found, the verbal-suggestion group reported a dip in their chest pain after the procedure, while showing some blood vessel narrowing. The opposite was true in the control group: slightly more pain and a little more vessel dilation.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，平均而言，“口頭暗示”組在治療后報(bào)告胸痛減輕，同時(shí)一些血管收縮。而對(duì)照組則與此相反：胸痛有所增強(qiáng)，血管有少許擴(kuò)張。
The researchers say they suspect the pain reduction was an "indirect effect" of the verbal suggestion, but they cannot know for sure whether or to what degree the blood vessel changes might have contributed to it.
研究人員稱，他們懷疑胸痛的減輕是口頭暗示的一個(gè)“間接效應(yīng)”，但是他們不能確定地知道是否或者在多大程度上血管的改變?cè)斐闪诉@個(gè)結(jié)果。
More studies on this question are still needed, according to Meissner and Ronel. If verbal suggestion does have a measurable effect "at the level of the heart" in people with actual heart disease, they said, that would be important to know.
Meissner和Ronel博士表示，在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，仍然需要更多的研究。他們說(shuō)，若口頭暗示對(duì)于患有實(shí)質(zhì)心臟疾病的患者“在心臟水平上”有著可測(cè)量的效果，了解這個(gè)過(guò)程將會(huì)是很重要的。
SOURCE:http://www.answers.com/topic/stress American Heart Journal, September 2011.
來(lái)源：http://www.answers.com/topic/stress 《美國(guó)心臟雜志》，2011年9月
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