10. Manila
第十名：馬尼拉
Current population: 16.3 million
現(xiàn)有人口：16,300,000人
After Dresden, elegant Manila — once known as the Pearl of the Orient — was the most bombed-out city during World War II. Still, it has grown exponentially since the American recapture of the Philippine archipelago and now is a city of multiple cities, at once opulent and desperately poor, threaded together by slums, brackish canals and packed roads. The ravages of Typhoon Ketsana in 2009 — the worst to hit Manila, killing nearly a thousand and submerging swaths of the city — showed how rapid urbanization and lax municipal management had left Manila prone to such natural calamity. Plans to shift some businesses and government offices away from the dense Manila capital region have yet to be implemented and may do little to turn the overcrowding tide.
曾經(jīng)以“東方明珠”著稱的優(yōu)雅的馬尼拉，在二戰(zhàn)中受轟炸的程度僅次于德累斯頓（東德的一都市）。但自從美國(guó)再次奪回菲律賓群島后馬尼拉的城市人口已呈現(xiàn)了指數(shù)增長(zhǎng)，現(xiàn)在她已是一個(gè)擁有多個(gè)子城市的大城市；城市里珠簾串著貧民窟，散發(fā)鹽味而可厭的運(yùn)河，和擁擠的道路，一時(shí)間貧富差距非常明顯。2009年的凱薩娜臺(tái)風(fēng)是襲擊馬尼拉的臺(tái)風(fēng)中最厲害的，它造成了接近千人的死亡，淹沒(méi)了城市的廣闊地帶，使馬尼拉滿目瘡痍。凱薩娜帶來(lái)的破壞，體現(xiàn)了都市化與松散的市政管理以多么快的速度使馬尼拉淪為動(dòng)不動(dòng)就被此類自然災(zāi)難所襲擊的城市。有計(jì)劃提出要把一些商貿(mào)與政府部門(mén)轉(zhuǎn)移出密集的馬尼拉首都區(qū)，雖然這樣的計(jì)劃還沒(méi)有執(zhí)行，但即使執(zhí)行的話，對(duì)于馬尼拉過(guò)度擁擠的趨勢(shì)也只能做出極其有限的改善。
9. Shanghai
第九名：上海
Current population: 16.7 million
現(xiàn)有人口：16,700,000人
In some ways, the growth of Shanghai tells the story of contemporary China. In 1980, it had a population of less than 6 million and was not among the top 15 global cities. In 30 years, it has nearly tripled in size to 16.7 million and leaped to the ninth spot on the list. In 2010, the city became the busiest container port the world, surpassing Singapore. It is also a burgeoning financial hub, drawing migrants from across the region. To cope with rapid growth, the government has invested in massive infrastructure projects, including the subway system, which is now the largest in the world.
某種程度上來(lái)說(shuō)，上海的發(fā)展講述了當(dāng)代中國(guó)的發(fā)展故事。1980年，上海的人口不足六百萬(wàn)，并不在全球前15的大城市排名中。過(guò)了30年，上海的人口幾乎是當(dāng)年的三倍，達(dá)到了一千六百七十萬(wàn)，在這份榜單里急速上升到了第九位。2010年，上海超越了新加坡，成為了全球最繁忙的貨柜港口。她同時(shí)也是一個(gè)急速發(fā)展的金融中心，吸引了來(lái)自各地的移民。為了應(yīng)對(duì)快速的發(fā)展，政府投資了大量的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，包括現(xiàn)在全球最大的地鐵網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
8. New Delhi
第八名：新德里
Current population: 18.6 million
現(xiàn)有人口：18,600,000人
Between the downtown core and its vast network of city-size suburbs, the cosmopolitan Indian capital is home to some 18.6 million. Like many fast-growing cities, New Delhi has struggled to accommodate waves of migrants from rural areas, leaving millions to live in unplanned shantytowns where water, electricity and proper sewer systems are spotty. The city is famous for its traffic jams, but public transportation isn't always an option: the train system is supercrowded. Deadly stampedes at train stations have led to calls for urgently needed infrastructure improvements.
不論是市中心，還是有城市規(guī)模大小的廣闊的郊區(qū)城市網(wǎng)，全球化的印度首都（新德里）已經(jīng)容納了大約18,600,000人。如同許多迅速發(fā)展的城市一樣，新德里努力地想要為一波又一波的農(nóng)村移民提供住房，但還是有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人住在了無(wú)計(jì)劃的貧民窟里，那里的水電供應(yīng)以及排水系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量都是參差不齊的。這座城市因交通擁堵而出名，但乘坐公共交通并不一定是好的選擇：這里的鐵路系統(tǒng)擁擠得超乎你的想象。在火車站里有著極可能致命的蜂擁亂竄的人流，這樣的現(xiàn)狀急迫地需要城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的升級(jí)。
7. São Paulo
第七名：圣保羅
Current Population: 18.8 million
現(xiàn)有人口：18,800,000人
Brazil's financial and cultural hub is a thriving city of 18.8 million people, making it one of the largest cities in the southern hemisphere. São Paulo's economy runs on global demand for its iron ore and offshore oil, while international banks and hedge funds are attracted to its strong currency. But the city has in recent years been unable to cope with the exploding population, resulting in inadequate housing, skyrocketing property prices and slums known as favelas. With 35% of its residents living in extreme poverty, the city's high crime rate doesn't come as much of a surprise.
巴西的金融、文化中心是一個(gè)茁壯成長(zhǎng)中的城市，她擁有18,800,000人，這是她成為了南半球最大的城市之一。圣保羅的經(jīng)濟(jì)基于國(guó)際上的鐵礦及近海石油的需求而運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，而國(guó)際銀行以及對(duì)沖基金都被吸引到這些強(qiáng)通貨上。但圣保羅近幾年來(lái)一直不能應(yīng)對(duì)其飛速增長(zhǎng)的人口，導(dǎo)致了城市里出現(xiàn)了供房不足、房?jī)r(jià)飛漲的問(wèn)題，被叫做“棚屋”的貧民窟也因此出現(xiàn)。由于35%的城市居民都生活在極度貧困的環(huán)境中，圣保羅的高犯罪率似乎也就不那么令人驚奇了。
6. Jakarta
第六名：雅加達(dá)
Current population: 18.9 million
現(xiàn)有人口：18,900,000人
Any visitor to Indonesia's capital city can tell you it's a traffic nightmare. What was once a sleepy Dutch colonial outpost in the 17th century stands to be one of the most important (and congested) cities in Southeast Asia in the 21st century. Jakarta is a teeming metropolis drawing in migrants from every corner of the diverse archipelago nation, but poor urban planning and ramshackle development have led to annual floods that inundate much of the city, turning streets into rivers and daily life into a diluvial struggle. Tentative plans to tie the administration of Jakarta up with that of outlying areas surrounding it in West Java — creating a megacity with the awkward-looking name of Jabodetabekjur — are still infant and have yet to yield any real results for beleaguered commuters and city dwellers.
任何一個(gè)去印尼首都的旅客都會(huì)告訴你，在那里交通出行簡(jiǎn)直是噩夢(mèng)。17世紀(jì)，雅加達(dá)曾是荷蘭殖民地中毫無(wú)生氣的邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，而在21世紀(jì)的今天她卻成為了東南亞最重要（且最擁擠）的城市之一。雅加達(dá)這個(gè)熱鬧的大都市，吸引著來(lái)自印尼這個(gè)群島國(guó)各地的移民，但是蹩腳的城市規(guī)劃和腐敗的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致洪水每年都會(huì)淹沒(méi)城市的很大一部分地區(qū)，使得街道成為了江河，每日都得在洪水洪積層上艱苦地生活。有些具有試驗(yàn)性質(zhì)的計(jì)劃提出將雅加達(dá)與其周圍西爪哇偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的管理部門(mén)綁定到一起，這樣將會(huì)創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)有著尷尬的min巨型都市——Jabodetabekjur。這樣的計(jì)劃還十分不成熟，至今還沒(méi)有為苦惱的通勤者和城市居民們帶來(lái)任何實(shí)質(zhì)成果。
5. Mumbai
第五名：孟買(mǎi)
Current population: 19.2 million
現(xiàn)有人口：19,200,000人
The commercial capital of India is also home to Bollywood, one of the largest film producers in the world. Mumbai has grown tremendously following India's economic liberalization in 1991, but its population explosion has left an estimated 60% of its 19.2 million people living in slums. Waves of migrants have built low structures of concrete, corrugated metal and cardboard on land that has since become valuable. The government wants to raze the slums, move millions of poor people to high-rise buildings and let developers build expensive flats. It's a plan that has many of Mumbai's residents crying foul as they are forced from their homes.
印度的商業(yè)首都（孟買(mǎi)）也是全球最大電影制片方之一寶萊塢的故鄉(xiāng)。隨著1991年印度的經(jīng)濟(jì)自由化改革，孟買(mǎi)取得了驚人的發(fā)展，但人口爆炸性增長(zhǎng)也造成了19,200,000人中60%住在了貧民窟。一波又一波的移民建造了底層混凝土，波紋金屬和厚紙板組合的房子。政府想要把貧民窟夷為平地，讓數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)貧困居民遷到高樓大廈中，并且讓開(kāi)發(fā)商建造昂貴的公寓。這個(gè)計(jì)劃讓許多孟買(mǎi)居民十分不滿，他們認(rèn)為自己被趕出了自己的家。
4. New York City
第四名：紐約
Current population: 19.8 million
現(xiàn)有人口：19,800,000人
The New York City metropolitan area was the world's first megacity and remains a 19.8 million–strong powerhouse with global reach in everything from fashion to finance. It's been the most populated place in the U.S. since Census Bureau records began in 1790, and the city's five boroughs, spread over 301 sq. mi. (780 sq km), are also the most densely populated in America. New York City attracted nearly 50 million visitors in 2010 and is home to people from all corners of the globe (its residents speak an estimated 800 languages). It's also the second wealthiest city in the world, after Tokyo.
紐約市區(qū)是全球第一個(gè)超級(jí)都市，現(xiàn)在也擁有19,800,000居民。這是個(gè)精力旺盛的城市，將其的觸角伸向各個(gè)角落，包括時(shí)尚，包括金融。自人口普查紀(jì)錄起始的1790年，這里就一直是美國(guó)最受歡迎的移民目的地，并且其覆蓋面積達(dá)到780平方公里的五個(gè)區(qū)也是美國(guó)人口密度最高的地方。2010年，紐約吸引了接近50,000,000名游客，而且來(lái)自世界各地的人們都在此安居（據(jù)估計(jì)，紐約居民運(yùn)用著大約800種語(yǔ)言）。紐約也次于在東京，是世界上第二富有的城市。
3. Mexico City
探花：墨西哥城
Current population: 20.5 million
現(xiàn)有人口：20,500,000人
The Mexican capital's population has grown extraordinarily over the past six decades. In 1950, the city had a population of just 2.9 million — making it the 16th largest in the world. But the population of Mexico City quadrupled over 30 years and has continued to expand ever since, with the current population at 20.5 million. The breakneck pace of growth has caused suffocating air pollution. Recent initiatives, including a World Bank–sponsored pollution-reduction program, have improved conditions, but smog persists.
墨西哥城的人口在過(guò)去的六十年里增長(zhǎng)地格外迅速。1950年時(shí)，城市僅有2,900,000人口，在全球排名第十六位。但墨西哥城的人口在之后30年里增長(zhǎng)到當(dāng)時(shí)的4倍，并在之后繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，現(xiàn)在人口數(shù)已達(dá)到20,500,000。如此危險(xiǎn)的增長(zhǎng)速度造成了窒息的空氣污染。近來(lái)，墨西哥城開(kāi)展了一些初步的整治行動(dòng)，包括世界銀行贊助的污染整治項(xiàng)目。這些行動(dòng)的開(kāi)展已經(jīng)改善了現(xiàn)狀，但城市里空氣中的煙霧依然存在。
2. Seoul
榜眼：首爾
Current population: 20.6 million
現(xiàn)有人口：20,600,000人
Home to 20.6 million people, the Seoul metropolitan area owes its gargantuan size to its inclusion of surrounding areas like the Incheon metropolis and the Gyeonggi province. The South Korean capital is highly developed and plans to offer free wi-fi in outdoor spaces around the city by 2015. But its advanced infrastructure belies the typical urban problems that are magnified because of its size. Its high population density makes for severe air pollution and smog, overtaxed sewers, crowded public transportation and an affordable-housing shortage.
韓國(guó)首都首爾現(xiàn)有居民20,600,000人。其市區(qū)范圍非常巨大，涵蓋了周圍的許多區(qū)域，如仁川和京畿道。首爾如今高度發(fā)達(dá)，正計(jì)劃著于2015年在城市戶外提供免費(fèi)無(wú)線局域網(wǎng)。其完備的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施掩蓋了因城市規(guī)模增長(zhǎng)而被放大的傳統(tǒng)城市問(wèn)題。而高密度的人口使得首爾居民忍受著嚴(yán)重的空氣污染，煙霧，收費(fèi)過(guò)高的排水系統(tǒng)，擁擠的公共交通以及住房短缺等問(wèn)題。
1. Tokyo
狀元：東京
Current population: 32.5 million
現(xiàn)有人口：32,500,000人
You know what's big in Japan? Tokyo. The 32.5 million–strong metropolitan area is the thriving heart of the country and the most populous urban area in the world. Although Japan's overall birthrate is dropping and Tokyo's population peaked in 2004, people from across Japan still flock to the capital in search of good jobs. Every day, 2 million souls commute in and out of the metropolitan area on a vast network of always-on-time trains. The March 11 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear crisis in northeastern Japan scared some Tokyo residents away, but the exodus of 4,000 barely made a dent in the population of this high-density city.
你知道在日本有什么是超級(jí)大的嗎？告訴你，是東京。這個(gè)容納了32,500,000人的大都市是整個(gè)國(guó)家的繁榮興旺的中心，也是全球人口最稠密的區(qū)域。雖然日本的總體出生率在下降，東京的人口也在2004年到達(dá)頂峰，但來(lái)自日本各地的人們?yōu)榱苏业胶霉ぷ魅匀环鋼硐蛉藵M為患的首都。每天，有2,000,000通勤者通過(guò)巨大而從不誤點(diǎn)的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)出東京。今年3月11日發(fā)生的地震，以及隨后在日本北部的海嘯、核危機(jī)嚇跑了一些東京居民，但僅僅4,000人的離開(kāi)，幾乎沒(méi)有緩和這個(gè)高密度人口城市的壓力。
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