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MIME類型

在使用IE打開下載文件的時候,會用到MIME。MIME是什么呢?可能你在使用的過程中了解到一些text/xml,text/html,image/jpeg諸如此類的MIME類型。但是具體的MIME是什么呢?下面將會做一個詳細的介紹。

1 MIME類型就是設定某種擴展名的文件用一種應用程序來打開的方式類型,當該擴展名文件被訪問的時候,瀏覽器會自動的使用指定的應用程序來打開。用于指定一些客戶端自定義的文件名,以及一些媒體打開的方式。

2 MIME的英文名稱是Mutipurpose internet mail extensions—多功能internet郵件擴充服務。他是一種多用途的網際郵件擴充協(xié)議。在1992年最早的使用在電子郵件系統(tǒng)中。但是后來使用在瀏覽器上面。服務器會將它們發(fā)送的多媒體數據的類型告訴瀏覽器,通知手段就是說明該多媒體數據的MIME類型。這樣瀏覽器就知道接收到的信息那些是word文件,那些事mp3文件等等。服務器將MIME標志放入傳送的數據中來告訴瀏覽器使用哪種插件來讀取相關的文件。

3 另外MIME還支持ASCII字符,二進制格式的文件以及多種格式的郵件信息。這些標準被定義在RFC中。也正因為如此,電子郵件的標準并不允許在郵件消息中使用7位ASCII字符以外的字符,所以MIME就規(guī)定了各種各樣的數據類型的符號化的方法。

常用的MIME類型:

超文本標記語言文本 .html text/html   

xml文檔 .xml text/xml   

XHTML文檔 .xhtml application/xhtml+xml   

普通文本 .txt text/plain   

RTF文本 .rtf application/rtf   

PDF文檔 .pdf application/pdf   

Microsoft Word文件 .word application/msword   

PNG圖像 .png image/png   

GIF圖形 .gif image/gif   

JPEG圖形 .jpeg,.jpg image/jpeg   

au聲音文件 .au audio/basic   

MIDI音樂文件 mid,.midi audio/midi,audio/x-midi   

RealAudio音樂文件 .ra, .ram audio/x-pn-realaudio   

MPEG文件 .mpg,.mpeg video/mpeg   

AVI文件 .avi video/x-msvideo   

GZIP文件 .gz application/x-gzip   

TAR文件 .tar application/x-tar   

任意的二進制數據 application/octet-stream

其他的MIME類型文件(比較全面):

.asx,video/x-ms-asf
.xml,text/xml
.tsv,text/tab-separated-values
.ra,audio/x-pn-realaudio
.sv4crc,application/x-sv4crc
.spc,application/x-pkcs7-certificates
.pmc,application/x-perfmon
.lit,application/x-ms-reader
.crd,application/x-mscardfile
.isp,application/x-internet-signup
.wmlsc,application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
.vst,application/vnd.visio
.xlam,application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12
.ttf,application/octet-stream
.pfm,application/octet-stream
.csv,application/octet-stream
.aaf,application/octet-stream
.one,application/onenote
.hta,application/hta
.atom,application/atom+xml
.323,text/h323
.mhtml,message/rfc822
.midi,audio/mid
.p7r,application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp
.mny,application/x-msmoney
.clp,application/x-msclip
.vsd,application/vnd.visio
.lpk,application/octet-stream
.bin,application/octet-stream
.onetoc,application/onenote
.x,application/directx
.wvx,video/x-ms-wvx
.vcf,text/x-vcard
.htc,text/x-component
.htt,text/webviewhtml
.h,text/plain
.mht,message/rfc822
.mid,audio/mid
.p7b,application/x-pkcs7-certificates
.gz,application/x-gzip
.dvi,application/x-dvi
.cpio,application/x-cpio
.vdx,application/vnd.ms-visio.viewer
.sldm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12
.xlm,application/vnd.ms-excel
.fdf,application/vnd.fdf
.setreg,application/set-registration-initiation
.eps,application/postscript
.p7s,application/pkcs7-signature
.toc,application/octet-stream
.mdp,application/octet-stream
.ics,application/octet-stream
.chm,application/octet-stream
.asi,application/octet-stream
.afm,application/octet-stream
.evy,application/envoy
.wmp,video/x-ms-wmp
.qt,video/quicktime
.mpv2,video/mpeg
.xslt,text/xml
.etx,text/x-setext
.cod,image/cis-cod
.snd,audio/basic
.au,audio/basic
.man,application/x-troff-man
.qtl,application/x-quicktimeplayer
.pmw,application/x-perfmon
.class,application/x-java-applet
.iii,application/x-iphone
.csh,application/x-csh
.z,application/x-compress
.vtx,application/vnd.visio
.vsw,application/vnd.visio
.wps,application/vnd.ms-works
.potx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template
.ps,application/postscript
.p7c,application/pkcs7-mime
.thn,application/octet-stream
.mso,application/octet-stream
.dot,application/msword
.doc,application/msword
.sgml,text/sgml
.nws,message/rfc822
.pbm,image/x-portable-bitmap
.ief,image/ief
.wav,audio/wav
.texi,application/x-texinfo
.mvb,application/x-msmediaview
.hdf,application/x-hdf
.vsx,application/vnd.visio
.dotm,application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12
.docm,application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12
.pptx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.psm,application/octet-stream
.java,application/octet-stream
.eot,application/octet-stream
.jar,application/java-archive
.mpeg,video/mpeg
.xsf,text/xml
.map,text/plain
.uls,text/iuls
.rf,image/vnd.rn-realflash
.m3u,audio/x-mpegurl
.wma,audio/x-ms-wma
.aifc,audio/aiff
.mdb,application/x-msaccess
.mvc,application/x-miva-compiled
.stl,application/vnd.ms-pki.stl
.ppsx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow
.xlsb,application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12
.setpay,application/set-payment-initiation
.prm,application/octet-stream
.mix,application/octet-stream
.lzh,application/octet-stream
.hhk,application/octet-stream
.onepkg,application/onenote
.xaf,x-world/x-vrml
.flr,x-world/x-vrml
.IVF,video/x-ivf
.cnf,text/plain
.asm,text/plain
.tiff,image/tiff
.wax,audio/x-ms-wax
.ms,application/x-troff-ms
.tcl,application/x-tcl
.shar,application/x-shar
.sh,application/x-sh
.nc,application/x-netcdf
.hlp,application/winhlp
.oda,application/oda
.pfb,application/octet-stream
.fla,application/octet-stream
.wm,video/x-ms-wm
.rgb,image/x-rgb
.ppm,image/x-portable-pixmap
.ram,audio/x-pn-realaudio
.sit,application/x-stuffit
.dir,application/x-director
.mpp,application/vnd.ms-project
.xla,application/vnd.ms-excel
.ssm,application/streamingmedia
.axs,application/olescript
.ods,application/oleobject
.psp,application/octet-stream
.jpb,application/octet-stream
.wrz,x-world/x-vrml
.m1v,video/mpeg
.mno,text/xml
.cmx,image/x-cmx
.jpeg,image/jpeg
.dib,image/bmp
.rmi,audio/mid
.aiff,audio/aiff
.wmd,application/x-ms-wmd
.wri,application/x-mswrite
.pub,application/x-mspublisher
.ins,application/x-internet-signup
.wks,application/vnd.ms-works
.xls,application/vnd.ms-excel
.ai,application/postscript
.crl,application/pkix-crl
.qxd,application/octet-stream
.dwp,application/octet-stream
.xof,x-world/x-vrml
.wmv,video/x-ms-wmv
.nsc,video/x-ms-asf
.mpa,video/mpeg
.pnm,image/x-portable-anymap
.rpm,audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin
.aif,audio/x-aiff
.me,application/x-troff-me
.pml,application/x-perfmon
.trm,application/x-msterminal
.m13,application/x-msmediaview
.js,application/x-javascript
.dxr,application/x-director
.potm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12
.xltx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template
.xlt,application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlc,application/vnd.ms-excel
.p10,application/pkcs10
.smi,application/octet-stream
.sea,application/octet-stream
.hqx,application/mac-binhex40
.spl,application/futuresplash
.movie,video/x-sgi-movie
.lsf,video/x-la-asf
.txt,text/plain
.jfif,image/pjpeg
.jpe,image/jpeg
.zip,application/x-zip-compressed
.wmf,application/x-msmetafile
.m14,application/x-msmediaview
.latex,application/x-latex
.wcm,application/vnd.ms-works
.pptm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12
.xlsx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.hhp,application/octet-stream
.aca,application/octet-stream
.accdb,application/msaccess
.jcz,application/liquidmotion
.wrl,x-world/x-vrml
.wmx,video/x-ms-wmx
.asr,video/x-ms-asf
.lsx,video/x-la-asf
.xsl,text/xml
.html,text/html
.tif,image/tiff
.der,application/x-x509-ca-cert
.pfx,application/x-pkcs12
.p12,application/x-pkcs12
.ppsm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12
.cur,application/octet-stream
.accdt,application/msaccess
.hdml,text/x-hdml
.htm,text/html
.xbm,image/x-xbitmap
.jpg,image/jpeg
.texinfo,application/x-texinfo
.ppam,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12
.xlw,application/vnd.ms-excel
.rm,application/vnd.rn-realmedia
.pdf,application/pdf
.rar,application/octet-stream
.psd,application/octet-stream
.inf,application/octet-stream
.emz,application/octet-stream
.dsp,application/octet-stream
.onea,application/onenote
.jck,application/liquidmotion
.mpe,video/mpeg
.mp2,video/mpeg
.sct,text/scriptlet
.ras,image/x-cmu-raster
.swf,application/x-shockwave-flash
.wmz,application/x-ms-wmz
.gtar,application/x-gtar
.dcr,application/x-director
.sldx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide
.pps,application/vnd.ms-pps
.p7m,application/pkcs7-mime
.xsn,application/octet-stream
.ocx,application/octet-stream
.accde,application/msaccess
.mov,video/quicktime
.wmls,text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
.cpp,text/plain
.c,text/plain
.bas,text/plain
.css,text/css
.art,image/x-jg
.mp3,audio/mpeg
.t,application/x-troff
.roff,application/x-troff
.tar,application/x-tar
.hhc,application/x-oleobject
.scd,application/x-msschedule
.pko,application/vnd.ms-pki.pko
.sst,application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore
.ppt,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.xtp,application/octet-stream
.u32,application/octet-stream
.pcx,application/octet-stream
.msi,application/octet-stream
.exe,application/octet-stream
.asd,application/octet-stream
.onetoc2,application/onenote
.fif,application/fractals
.mpg,video/mpeg
.vml,text/xml
.xdr,text/plain
.vcs,text/plain
.hxt,text/html
.eml,message/rfc822
.xpm,image/x-xpixmap
.ico,image/x-icon
.gif,image/gif
.dwf,drawing/x-dwf
.src,application/x-wais-source
.tr,application/x-troff
.pmr,application/x-perfmon
.pma,application/x-perfmon
.dll,application/x-msdownload
.bcpio,application/x-bcpio
.wmlc,application/vnd.wap.wmlc
.wdb,application/vnd.ms-works
.dotx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template
.docx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.pot,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.xltm,application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12
.rtf,application/rtf
.prf,application/pics-rules
.snp,application/octet-stream
.cab,application/octet-stream
.avi,video/x-msvideo
.asf,video/x-ms-asf
.dtd,text/xml
.wml,text/vnd.wap.wml
.vbs,text/vbscript
.rtx,text/richtext
.dlm,text/dlm
.xwd,image/x-xwindowdump
.pgm,image/x-portable-graymap
.bmp,image/bmp
.crt,application/x-x509-ca-cert
.ustar,application/x-ustar
.tex,application/x-tex
.sv4cpio,application/x-sv4cpio
.tgz,application/x-compressed
.cdf,application/x-cdf
.vss,application/vnd.visio
.cat,application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat
.thmx,application/vnd.ms-officetheme
.xlsm,application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12
.prx,application/octet-stream
.pcz,application/octet-stream
.onetmp,application/onenote
.acx,application/internet-property-stream
.wsdl,text/xml
.disco,text/xml
.xsd,text/xml
.wbmp,image/vnd.wap.wbmp
.png,image/png
.pnz,image/png
.smd,audio/x-smd
.smz,audio/x-smd
.smx,audio/x-smd
.mmf,application/x-smaf

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