示例代碼如下:
using System;
using System.Threading;
namespace ProcessTest
{
class Program
{
//資源
static int theResource = 0;
//讀、寫操作鎖
static ReaderWriterLock rwl = new ReaderWriterLock();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//分別創(chuàng)建2個(gè)讀操作線程,2個(gè)寫操作線程,并啟動(dòng)
Thread tr0 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Read));
Thread tr1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Read));
Thread tr2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Write));
Thread tr3 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Write));
tr0.Start();
tr1.Start();
tr2.Start();
tr3.Start();
//等待線程執(zhí)行完畢
tr0.Join();
tr1.Join();
tr2.Join();
tr3.Join();
System.Console.ReadKey();
}
//讀數(shù)據(jù)
static void Read()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
try
{
//申請(qǐng)讀操作鎖,如果在1000ms內(nèi)未獲取讀操作鎖,則放棄
rwl.AcquireReaderLock(1000);
Console.WriteLine("開始讀取數(shù)據(jù),theResource = {0}", theResource);
Thread.Sleep(10);
Console.WriteLine("讀取數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)束,theResource = {0}", theResource);
//釋放讀操作鎖
rwl.ReleaseReaderLock();
}
catch (ApplicationException)
{
//獲取讀操作鎖失敗的處理
}
}
}
//寫數(shù)據(jù)
static void Write()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
try
{
//申請(qǐng)寫操作鎖,如果在1000ms內(nèi)未獲取寫操作鎖,則放棄
rwl.AcquireWriterLock(1000);
Console.WriteLine("開始寫數(shù)據(jù),theResource = {0}", theResource);
//將theResource加1
theResource++;
Thread.Sleep(100);
Console.WriteLine("寫數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)束,theResource = {0}", theResource);
//釋放寫操作鎖
rwl.ReleaseWriterLock();
}
catch (ApplicationException)
{
//獲取寫操作鎖失敗
}
}
}
}
}
上例中分別創(chuàng)建2個(gè)讀取線程和2個(gè)寫入線程,交替進(jìn)行讀、寫操作。運(yùn)行結(jié)果如下圖:
觀察運(yùn)行結(jié)果,我們很容易看出:讀操作鎖是共享鎖,允許多個(gè)線程同時(shí)讀取數(shù)據(jù);寫操作鎖是獨(dú)占鎖,僅允許一個(gè)線程進(jìn)行寫操作。
如果一個(gè)線程在獲取讀操作鎖后,進(jìn)行讀操作的途中,希望提升鎖級(jí)別,將其變?yōu)閷懖僮麈i,可以調(diào)用ReaderWriterLock類的UpgradeToWriterLock(int timeOut)方法,該方法返回一個(gè)LockCookie值,該值保存了UpgradeToWriterLock方法調(diào)用前線程鎖的狀態(tài)。待寫操作完成后,可調(diào)用DowngradeFromWriterLock(LockCookie lockcookie)方法,該方法根據(jù)傳入的LockCookie參數(shù)值,將線程鎖恢復(fù)到UpgradeToWriterLock方法調(diào)用前的狀態(tài)。具體使用方法,大家可以查看MSDN以獲取相關(guān)示例。
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