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英語(yǔ)詞匯（158）    表示“選擇”的名詞

                                 choice、selection、option、alternative

                                             佳中

choice     普通用詞，指一任何方式進(jìn)行選擇，側(cè)重指自由選擇的權(quán)利或特權(quán)。

1）The choice facing the company is simple: diversify or go bankrupt.

             擺在公司面前的道路不難選擇：要么進(jìn)行多種經(jīng)營(yíng)，要么破產(chǎn)。

2）Given my choice of reading matter, I am happy to have a classic book to read.

      如果讓我選擇閱讀材料，我會(huì)非常高興地選一本經(jīng)典著作。

selection   用法同其動(dòng)詞的用法，著重選擇者的識(shí)別力或鑒賞力。

1）The selection of sewage treatment processes is important in the construction of sewage treatment plants.

           （建造污水處理廠時(shí)選擇用什么污水處理工藝非常重要。）

2）The process by which the fittest are singled out for survival is natural selection.

      (適者生存的過(guò)程就是自然選擇。)

option   強(qiáng)調(diào)選擇者有選擇的權(quán)利。

1) It is really very hard for me to make my option between these alternatives.

            (讓我在這兩個(gè)選擇上作出選擇真的是非常難。)

2）For dessert, pieces of fruit are generally the best option.

    (說(shuō)起餐后甜品，切成片的水果通常是最好的選擇。)

alternative     作“選擇”解時(shí)只用于兩者之間的選擇。另外alternative可表示“可供選擇的

               東西”、“可替代的物”、“可供選擇的解決辦法(或方案)”。

1)      After graduation, she has the alternative/choice of either being employed in a company or of taking

      on a career of her own.  

 （畢業(yè)后她可以選擇受雇于一家公司工作或者自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。）

2) While homeschooling offers an alternative to the school environment, it has become a controversial issue.

    （雖然父母在家教孩子提供了替代的學(xué)校環(huán)境學(xué)習(xí)的一種選擇,但它一直是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。）

3) When traveling, you are advised to take traveler’s checks, which provide a secure alternative to carrying

     your money in cash.

             （出去旅行時(shí)建議你使用旅行支票。旅行支票提供一種替代攜帶現(xiàn)金安全方法。）

no choice / alternative / option to do sth.

這是特定句型結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“別無(wú)選擇只能做某事”的意思。

      1）The house having been surrounded by the police, the kdnappers fell into despair and had no choice /

          alternative / option but to surrender.

           （這房子已經(jīng)被警察包圍,綁匪陷入絕境之中,除了投降別無(wú)選擇。）

      2）It was so serious a matter that I had no choice / alternative / option but to call the police.

            (這是一個(gè)十分嚴(yán)重的事,我沒(méi)有選擇只能報(bào)警。)

      3）Since neither of them gives in, we have no choice / alternative / option but to invoke the law

          to settle the dispute between them.

        (既然他們雙方都不肯讓步,我們沒(méi)有選擇只能付諸于法律來(lái)解決他們之間的爭(zhēng)端。)

    4) There was no option but to quit her job in order to take care of her child.

            (為了照顧孩子，她別無(wú)選擇只好辭職。)