Many students say there is no easy way to write college papers.很多學(xué)生表示大學(xué)論文寫作沒有捷徑。This may be especially true if English is not your first language.在英語不是你的母語的情況下，尤其是這樣。Most teachers agree that there is no single correct way to create а personal essay or research paper.大多數(shù)老師都認(rèn)為,個人陳述或研究論文寫作沒有唯一正確的方法。But there are methods to help you structure your papers.但有些方法可以幫助你來構(gòu)建論文體系。One way often used to structure writing is the traditional five-paragraph essay.其中常用的方法之一是傳統(tǒng)的五段式論文。Many students learn this form in middle and high school.很多學(xué)生在初中和高中學(xué)過這種格式。The paragraphs follow conventions or established rules.段與段之間要遵從一些慣例或既定規(guī)則。The first paragraph is introductory. It tells the reader what the paper is about.第一段是序言。告訴讀者論文主題。It is followed by three paragraphs containing evidence that support the writer's argument.接下來三段提供能支持作者論點(diǎn)的論據(jù)。The final paragraph is the conclusion. It provides a reasoned opinion based on theevidence.最后一段是結(jié)論?；谡摀?jù)提出合理的論點(diǎn)。Allison Cummings teaches English at Southern New Hampshire University.艾莉森.卡明斯在南新罕布什爾大學(xué)教英語。She is among many professors who find this form too simple for college work.她和很多教授都認(rèn)為這種格式對大學(xué)論文來說過于簡單。Still, on the positive side, Ms. Cummings says the five-paragraph essay form teaches a student some tools for writing а paper.不過，卡明斯老師表示，從積極的角度來看，五段式能教給學(xué)生一些論文寫作方法。She says the form teaches the need for the opening statement or thesis.她表示這種格式需要學(xué)生開篇進(jìn)行陳述或提出論點(diǎn)。This thesis tells the reader what will comenext.論點(diǎn)告訴讀者后面的內(nèi)容。In addition students who have learned to write a five-paragraph essay know they must provide evidence.另外，學(xué)會五段式論文的學(xué)生知道必須提供論據(jù)。And Ms. Cummings says the writer will know a conclusion is required.卡明斯老師表示，作者要知道結(jié)論必不可少。But she also says the five-paragraph essay falls far short of college writing needs.但她也表明五段式論文遠(yuǎn)無法達(dá)到大學(xué)論文寫作要求。"Most of the subjects that students are asked to write about are going to involve more paragraphs, and more points and morecomplexities."“學(xué)生被要求寫的大多數(shù)論文主題會涉及更多段落、更多論點(diǎn)和更復(fù)雜的東西?！?/span>So if a traditional method for structuring a research paper does not work, what steps can help you structure your writing.所以如果傳統(tǒng)構(gòu)建研究論文框架的方法不奏效，那么要遵循怎樣的步驟呢?Ms. Cummings' students learn several ways to organize their papers. The расе at which they learn differs.卡明斯老師的學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)了組織論文結(jié)構(gòu)的幾種方法。但他們的學(xué)習(xí)不同步。Ms. Cummings says doing research for a paper helps some students in their writing.卡明斯老師表示進(jìn)行論文研究有助于學(xué)生的寫作。The teacher says noting the way the research is structured can help students organize their own writing.她說指出研究結(jié)構(gòu)能幫助學(xué)生組織自己的寫作。"They will read articles and see what other people argue about whatever issues they are writing on and get а sense of what the points out there, what the debates are out there, and then let that structure what they come up with."“他們要讀文章看別人如何針對各自的論題進(jìn)行辯論,如何自圓其說，有什么其他意見，然后用這些構(gòu)建自己的論文?！?/span>Allison Cummings offers sample outlines -- examples for organizing papers.艾莉森卡明斯還提供了大綱模版--即組織論文的案例。"If they want to use them, they are free to follow that kind of standard template."“如果他們想使用這些模版，可以遵循這樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式?！?/span>Ms. Cummings also provides her students with examples of successful and unsuccessful student papers.卡明斯老師還為學(xué)生提供了成功和失敗的學(xué)生論文案例。That way her class can see what works in а piece of writing and what does not.這樣學(xué)生們就能明白哪些對寫論文有用，哪些無用。
