原作者:冰山上的播客
看到這篇文章的時候,很是驚訝原作者的耐心,雖然我們在平時用的也有一些,但沒有作者列出來的全,寫excel的時候,我用過pear的庫,也用過pack壓包的頭,同樣那些利用smarty等作的簡單替換xml的也用過,csv的就更不用談了。呵呵。(COM方式不講了,這種可讀的太多了,我也寫過利用wps等進(jìn)行word等的生成之類的文章 )
但是在讀的時候,只用過一種,具體是什么忘了,要回去翻代碼了。因為采用的是拿來主義,記不住。
原文地址:http://xinsync.xju.edu.cn/index.php/archives/3858
原文內(nèi)容:
最近因項目需要,需要開發(fā)一個模塊,把系統(tǒng)中的一些數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出成Excel,修改后再導(dǎo)回系統(tǒng)。就趁機對這個研究了一番,下面進(jìn)行一些總結(jié)。
基本上導(dǎo)出的文件分為兩種:
1:類Excel格式,這個其實不是傳統(tǒng)意義上的Excel文件,只是因為Excel的兼容能力強,能夠正確打開而已。修改這種文件后再保存,通常會提示你是否要轉(zhuǎn)換成Excel文件。
優(yōu)點:簡單。
缺點:難以生成格式,如果用來導(dǎo)入需要自己分別編寫相應(yīng)的程序。
2:Excel格式,與類Excel相對應(yīng),這種方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。
如果導(dǎo)出中文時出現(xiàn)亂碼,可以嘗試將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成gb2312,例如下面就把$yourStr從utf-8轉(zhuǎn)換成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(”gb2312″, “UTF-8″, $yourStr);
【有網(wǎng)友指出上面的轉(zhuǎn)換是錯誤的,確實,上面的參數(shù)順序是iconv函數(shù)的,$yourStr應(yīng)該是第一個參數(shù)。】
下面詳細(xì)列舉幾種方法。
一、PHP導(dǎo)出Excel
1:第一推薦無比風(fēng)騷的PHPExcel,官方網(wǎng)站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出都成,可以導(dǎo)出office2007格式,同時兼容2003。
下載下來的包中有文檔和例子,大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出來:
PHP代碼
- <?php
- /**
- * PHPExcel
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- *
- * @category PHPExcel
- * @package PHPExcel
- * @copyright Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel)
- * @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL
- * @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23
- */
-
- /** Error reporting */
- error_reporting(E_ALL);
-
- /** Include path **/
- set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’);
-
- /** PHPExcel */
- include ‘PHPExcel.php’;
-
- /** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */
- include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’;
-
- // Create new PHPExcel object
- echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Create new PHPExcel object\n”;
- $objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
-
- // Set properties
- echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Set properties\n”;
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(”Maarten Balliauw”);
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(”Maarten Balliauw”);
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(”O(jiān)ffice 2007 XLSX Test Document”);
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(”O(jiān)ffice 2007 XLSX Test Document”);
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(”Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.”);
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(”office 2007 openxml php”);
- $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(”Test result file”);
-
- // Add some data
- echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Add some data\n”;
- $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
- $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’A1′, ‘Hello’);
- $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’B2′, ‘world!’);
- $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’C1′, ‘Hello’);
- $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’D2′, ‘world!’);
-
- // Rename sheet
- echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Rename sheet\n”;
- $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(’Simple’);
-
- // Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet
- $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
-
- // Save Excel 2007 file
- echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Write to Excel2007 format\n”;
- $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
- $objWriter->save(str_replace(’.php’, ‘.xlsx’, __FILE__));
-
- // Echo done
- echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Done writing file.”;
2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer類
下載地址: http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此類依賴于OLE,下載地址:http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是導(dǎo)出的Excel文件格式比較老,修改后保存會提示是否轉(zhuǎn)換成更新的格式。
不過可以設(shè)定格式,很強大。
PHP代碼
- <?php
- require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’;
-
- // Creating a workbook
- $workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();
-
- // sending HTTP headers
- $workbook->send(’test.xls’);
-
- // Creating a worksheet
- $worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(’My first worksheet’);
-
- // The actual data
- $worksheet->write(0, 0, ‘Name’);
- $worksheet->write(0, 1, ‘Age’);
- $worksheet->write(1, 0, ‘John Smith’);
- $worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);
- $worksheet->write(2, 0, ‘Johann Schmidt’);
- $worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);
- $worksheet->write(3, 0, ‘Juan Herrera’);
- $worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);
-
- // Let’s send the file
- $workbook->close();
- ?>
3:利用smarty,生成符合Excel規(guī)范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式,非常完美的導(dǎo)出方案。不過導(dǎo)出來的的本質(zhì)上還是XML文件,如果用來導(dǎo)入就需要另外處理了。
詳細(xì)內(nèi)容請見rardge大俠的帖子:http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757
需要注意的是如果導(dǎo)出的表格行數(shù)不確定時,最好在模板中把”ss:ExpandedColumnCount=”5″ ss:ExpandedRowCount=”21″”之類的東西刪掉。
4、利用pack函數(shù)打印出模擬Excel格式的斷句符號,這種更接近于Excel標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式,用office2003修改后保存,還不會彈出提示,推薦用這種方法。
缺點是無格式。
PHP代碼
- <?php
- // Send Header
- header(”Pragma: public”);
- header(”Expires: 0″);
- header(”Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);
- header(”Content-Type: application/force-download”);
- header(”Content-Type: application/octet-stream”);
- header(”Content-Type: application/download”);;
- header(”Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls “);
- header(”Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary “);
- // XLS Data Cell
-
- xlsBOF();
- xlsWriteLabel(1,0,”My excel line one”);
- xlsWriteLabel(2,0,”My excel line two : “);
- xlsWriteLabel(2,1,”Hello everybody”);
-
- xlsEOF();
-
- function xlsBOF() {
- echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×809, 0×8, 0×0, 0×10, 0×0, 0×0);
- return;
- }
- function xlsEOF() {
- echo pack(”ss”, 0×0A, 0×00);
- return;
- }
- function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {
- echo pack(”sssss”, 0×203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0×0);
- echo pack(”d”, $Value);
- return;
- }
- function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {
- $L = strlen($Value);
- echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0×0, $L);
- echo $Value;
- return;
- }
- ?>
- 不過筆者在64位linux系統(tǒng)中使用時失敗了,斷句符號全部變成了亂碼。
-
- 5、使用制表符、換行符的方法
- 制表符”\t”用戶分割同一行中的列,換行符”\t\n”可以開啟下一行。
- <?php
- header(”Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl”);
- header(”Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls”);
- header(”Pragma: no-cache”);
- header(”Expires: 0″);
- /*first line*/
- echo “hello”.”\t”;
- echo “world”.”\t”;
- echo “\t\n”;
-
- /*start of second line*/
- echo “this is second line”.”\t”;
- echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”\t”;
- echo “\t\n”;
- ?>
6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以開啟com模塊,就可以用它來導(dǎo)出Excel文件
PHP代碼
- <?PHP
- $filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”;
- $sheet1 = 1;
- $sheet2 = “sheet2″;
- $excel_app = new COM(”Excel.application”) or Die (”Did not connect”);
- print “Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\n” ;
- print “Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\n”;
- $Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(”$filename”) or Die(”Did not open $filename $Workbook”);
- $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);
- $Worksheet->activate;
- $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);
- $excel_cell->activate;
- $excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
- print “$excel_result\n”;
- $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);
- $Worksheet->activate;
- $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);
- $excel_cell->activate;
- $excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
- print “$excel_result\n”;
- #To close all instances of excel:
- $Workbook->Close;
- unset($Worksheet);
- unset($Workbook);
- $excel_app->Workbooks->Close();
- $excel_app->Quit();
- unset($excel_app);
- ?>
一個更好的例子: http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html
一、PHP導(dǎo)入Excel
1:還是用PHPExcel,官方網(wǎng)站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。
2:使用PHP-ExcelReader,下載地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader
舉例:
PHP代碼
- <?php
- require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’;
-
- // ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);
- $data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();
-
- // Set output Encoding.
- $data->setOutputEncoding(’utf8′);
-
- $data->read(’ jxlrwtest.xls’);
-
- error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);
-
- for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) {
- for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) {
- echo “\”".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j].”\”,”;
- }
- echo “\n”;
- }
-
- ?>