名詞性從句即充當(dāng)名詞作用的從句，一般包括主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句。
58. We are talking about if this plan should be carried out.
if 和whether都可以引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，如果從句作的是介詞賓語(yǔ)，只能用whether引導(dǎo)。所以把if改為whether。
59. I don’t know what the matter is.
此句應(yīng)為I don’t know what is the matter, 可以把what看成從句的主語(yǔ)。
60. My plan is we try for a second time.
表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞如為that，一般不省略。因此在we前加上that。
61. What will the professor say is not known yet.
名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序都是陳述句語(yǔ)序。因此應(yīng)改為：What the professor will say is not known yet.
（十二） 狀語(yǔ)從句
狀語(yǔ)從句一般均有從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，在復(fù)合句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、條件等。
62. I will go unless he invites me.
此句意為“除非他邀請(qǐng)我，否則我不去?！?而unless相當(dāng)于if not，所以本句應(yīng)改成：I won’t go unless he invites me。
63. Although he tried, but he still couldn’t keep up with the others.
although和but不能同時(shí)用在一句話中，去掉任何一個(gè)都可以。另外，用了because 或since就不用so了。
64. I won’t stay until he comes back.
含有not ---until的句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，含有until的肯定句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，此句有兩種改法：I will stay until he comes back.或I won’t leave until he comes back.
（十三） 定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句的難點(diǎn)是關(guān)系代詞（who, whose, that, which, as）和關(guān)系副詞的使用。
65. An orphan is a child who’s parents are dead.
定語(yǔ)從句中表“----的”引導(dǎo)詞只有whose，所以把who’s改為whose。
66. This is the very thing which I lost yesterday.
如果先行詞前有the only, the last, the very以及形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞等修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。
67. This is the school in that my cousin studies.
定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為物，而且引導(dǎo)詞放在介詞后時(shí)，只能用which.
68. She is one of the students who has failed in the exam.
定語(yǔ)從句修飾one of加上復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，復(fù)數(shù)名詞是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，因此把has改為have。但是，如one之前有the only, 則仍用has.
69. I like the American town where we visited last month.
定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞要看定語(yǔ)從句中缺不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，如缺，用關(guān)系代詞，如不缺用關(guān)系副詞。此句中visit為及物動(dòng)詞，后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，因此把where改為which 或that。
70. I , who is your friend, can help you in time of trouble.
定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其先行詞保持一致，因此把is改為am。
71. China is a developing country, that is known to all.
非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)是that，因此把that改為which或as。非限定的判斷方法是定語(yǔ)從句前有逗號(hào)。
（十四） 主謂一致
此問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是分析主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。
72. The teacher and writer are invited to give a speech at the meeting.
teacher 和writer共用一個(gè)冠詞，指的是一個(gè)人一身兼二職，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。把a(bǔ)re改為is。但the teacher and the writer則指兩個(gè)人。
73. No one except my parents know it.
主語(yǔ)后加except再加上若干數(shù)量的名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)即no one保持一致。所以把know改為knows。類(lèi)似的用法的詞或短語(yǔ)有：but, besides, with, together with, along with, as well as等等。
74. My clothes are made in Hong Kong.
clothes 為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，把is改為are。
75. The number of the students in that school are about one thousand.
此句的主語(yǔ)為number而不是students，因此把a(bǔ)re改為is。但a number of students 作主語(yǔ)則應(yīng)視為復(fù)數(shù)。
76. Not only Tom but also his parents is in the office.
Not only ….but also連接名詞作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)由but also后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定。此句中的is 應(yīng)改為are.
77. The population of our country are increasing slowly now.
population 單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞經(jīng)常用單數(shù)，所以此句中的are改為is。如果其前有分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)，而且后面又有復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：One fifth of the Chinese population are workers。
（十五） 倒裝
倒裝就是謂語(yǔ)或部分謂語(yǔ)放在了主語(yǔ)的前面。
78. No sooner he had reached the station than the train left.
no sooner為否定副詞，放于句首時(shí)句子要部分倒裝，因此此句應(yīng)改為：No sooner had he reached the station than the train left. 這類(lèi)否定意義的副詞還有never, hardly, seldom, not only, scarcely等。
79. Here comes he.
here 放于句首時(shí),句子主謂要完全倒裝, 但句子主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)，則主謂不倒裝。此句應(yīng)改為：Here he comes. 又如：There comes the teacher.
80. A child as he is, he can speak five languages.
用as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，可把形容詞、副詞和不帶冠詞的名詞放于as前。所以前半句改為：Child as he is----。又如：Young as he is, he knows a lot.
（十六） 虛擬語(yǔ)氣
虛擬語(yǔ)氣即假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞形式要作相應(yīng)變化。
81. She would have come if we invited her.
這是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬假設(shè)，從句應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。所以在we后加had。
82. His suggestion is that they would stay in Paris for a few days.
suggestion 的表語(yǔ)從句也應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，必須用should加動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。此處去掉would或把would改為should。
83. I wish I have done the work last week.
wish后的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該把真實(shí)時(shí)態(tài)往后推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，所以把have改為had。
84. It’s time that we go to bed.
句式為It’s time sb. did sth. 所以把go改為went。又如：It’s time we left now.
85. I would rather you have another try tomorrow.
句型為would rather sb did sth. 所以把have改為had。
（十七） there be 句式
86. There are a pen and several books on the table.
there be句式遵循謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就近原則，a pen 為單數(shù)，所以把a(bǔ)re改為is。
87. There were several people stood at the back of the room.
there be 句式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞，句中其他的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。所以把stood改為standing。
（十八） it的用法
it 構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和形式主語(yǔ)，形式賓語(yǔ)是易錯(cuò)之處。
88. I find that interesting to learn English.
此句中的that 應(yīng)改為it。it在句中作形式賓語(yǔ)，不可以用that替代。it也可以做形式主語(yǔ)，如：It is certain that they will come.
100. When was it he left school?
本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問(wèn)句，應(yīng)在it后加that, 又如：It was yesterday that he came here.
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