More than 25 million people across the Indian state of Rajasthan faced government-mandated internet shutdowns and restrictions on Sunday, in an effort to prevent cheating in a mass exam.
周日，印度拉賈斯坦邦2500多萬人面臨政府強制的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)關閉和限制，以防止在大規(guī)?？荚囍凶鞅?。
Hundreds of thousands of candidates sat the Rajasthan Teacher Eligibility Test (REET), an exam that paves the way to employment as a primary or secondary school teacher at government-run schools.
成千上萬的候選人參加了拉賈斯坦邦教師資格考試，該考試為在公立學校擔任小學或中學教師鋪平了道路。
It's a coveted position that comes with generous benefits — and the exam hasn't been held in Rajasthan since 2018, which could be one reason there were so many candidates on Sunday.
這是一個令人垂涎的職位，福利豐厚——拉賈斯坦邦自2018年以來就沒有舉行過高考，這可能是周日有這么多考生的原因之一。
Thousands of test centers were set up across the state, with people traveling from their hometowns on free buses arranged by the government.
全國各地設立了數(shù)千個考點，人們可以乘坐政府安排的從家鄉(xiāng)出發(fā)的免費大巴前往。
But, wary of potential cheating on the written exam — which has been rampant in the past — authorities ordered districts to issue internet restrictions to prevent any leaks of information.
但是，由于擔心筆試中可能出現(xiàn)的作弊現(xiàn)象(這種現(xiàn)象在過去一直很猖獗)，有關部門命令各區(qū)發(fā)布網(wǎng)絡限制，以防止任何信息泄露。
At least 10 districts shut down their mobile internet, though several kept broadband internet going to minimize disruption to businesses and daily life.
至少有10個地區(qū)關閉了移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，但有幾個地區(qū)保留了寬帶互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，以盡量減少對企業(yè)和日常生活的干擾。
In Jaipur district, the state's most populous with more than 6.6 million residents, the internet was shut down from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., according to Dinesh Kumar Yadav, the Jaipur divisional commissioner.
齋浦爾區(qū)是印度人口最多的地區(qū)，有660多萬居民。據(jù)齋浦爾區(qū)區(qū)長迪內(nèi)什·庫馬爾·亞達夫說，該地區(qū)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)從早上8點到下午5點都被關閉了。
"There were so many candidates ... we just wanted to make sure [there wasn't cheating]," Yadav said.
“候選人太多了……我們就是想確保(沒有作弊)?！眮嗊_夫說。
"People tried to cheat but we caught a lot of them. But because of the internet shutdown, the [test] paper was not leaked out."
“有人試圖作弊，但我們抓住了很多人。不過，由于網(wǎng)絡關閉，試卷沒有外泄?！?/p>
He added that candidates sometimes use "different types" of instruments to try to cheat, and that other students "would get angry if they did not get a fair chance."
他補充說，考生有時會使用“不同類型的”工具來作弊，其他學生“如果沒有得到公平的機會，就會生氣”。
Several other major districts, including Alwar, Nagaur, Sikar and Ajmer, also imposed temporary internet shutdowns — adding up to a total of more than 25.2 million people affected, according to the most recent population estimates from the 2011 census.
其他幾個主要地區(qū)，包括阿爾瓦爾、納戈爾、西卡爾和阿杰梅爾，也實施了暫時的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)關閉措施，根據(jù)2011年人口普查的最新人口估計，總共有超過2520萬人受到影響。
According to the same survey, Rajasthan is home to more than 68 million people.
根據(jù)同樣的調(diào)查，拉賈斯坦邦有6800多萬人口。
Other anti-cheating measures included CCTV cameras at all testing centers, according to a document tweeted by Rajasthan Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot.
拉賈斯坦邦首席部長阿肖克·格洛特在推特上發(fā)布的一份文件顯示，其他反作弊措施還包括在所有考試中心安裝閉路電視攝像頭。
Candidates were not allowed to bring in their own face masks from the outside; after arriving, they had to discard the masks they brought, then use masks provided at the testing center
考生不允許攜帶自己在考場外佩戴的口罩;到達考場后，他們不得不丟棄隨身攜帶的口罩，然后使用考場提供的口罩。
The whole process of the exam — from the printing of the test papers, to their transportation then distribution to students at the testing center, was closely surveilled and videotaped, said the document.
該文件稱，考試的整個過程——從試卷打印，到運輸，再到在考點分發(fā)給學生——都被嚴密監(jiān)控和錄像。
Any exam workers or proctors involved in leaking the test papers would be immediately fired, and face potential legal action.
任何參與泄露試卷的考試工作人員或監(jiān)考人員將立即被解雇，并可能面臨法律訴訟。
It's not the first time Rajasthan has shut down the internet to curb cheating; the same thing happened in 2018 during a police constable exam, with the shutdown bringing banking and logistics industries to a standstill.
這已經(jīng)不是拉賈斯坦邦第一次為了遏制作弊而關閉互聯(lián)網(wǎng);據(jù)報道，2018年的一次警員考試中也發(fā)生了同樣的事情，政府關閉導致銀行和物流行業(yè)陷入停滯。
The measures might sound extreme — but a number of widespread cheating scandals in the past few years have thrust the issue to the fore, with a few garnering international attention.
這些措施聽起來可能有些極端，但過去幾年來，一些普遍存在的作弊丑聞將這一問題推到了風口上，其中一些引起了國際社會的關注。
In one well-known instance in 2015, family members in the state of Bihar climbed up the outside of school buildings to pass cheat sheets to their children inside, who were taking year-end grade 10 examinations.
在2015年一個著名的例子中，比哈爾邦的家庭成員爬上學校大樓的外面，把小抄發(fā)給在里面參加10年級期末考試的孩子。
The desperation reflects the heavy emphasis on education in the country, where for many, proper schooling could be the key out of poverty.
這種絕望反映出該國對教育的高度重視，對許多人來說，適當?shù)慕逃赡苁菙[脫貧困的關鍵。
In response, schools and authorities have experimented with different anti-cheating strategies, though some have backfired by prompting public outrage — as was the case in 2019 when one school in Karnataka state asked students to wear cardboard boxes on their heads during exams.
作為回應，學校和當局試驗了不同的反作弊策略，盡管一些策略適得其反，引發(fā)了公眾的憤怒——比如2019年卡納塔克邦的一所學校要求學生在考試時戴紙盒。
問題
文中提到的大型考試是什么考試？
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