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一.錯(cuò)誤原因

Java在訪(fǎng)問(wèn)SSL加密的網(wǎng)站時(shí)，需要從JDK的KeyStore 里面去查找相對(duì)應(yīng)得可信證書(shū)，如果不能從默認(rèn)或者指定的KeyStore 中找到可信證書(shū)，就會(huì)報(bào)這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。另外，Java所使用的證書(shū)倉(cāng)庫(kù)并不是Windows系統(tǒng)自帶的證書(shū)管理。所以即使系統(tǒng)中包含此證書(shū)也不可以使用。

二.解決方案

只要將SSL的證書(shū)添加到KeyStore中即可，以下是兩種解決方案。

1.借助Keytool導(dǎo)入證書(shū)

下載你所訪(fǎng)問(wèn)的SSL站點(diǎn)的證書(shū), 執(zhí)行以下命令導(dǎo)入（進(jìn)入到JAVA JDK下的jre\lib\security目錄）

Cmd代碼

keytool -import -file /data/test1.cer -keystore cacerts -alias server

接下來(lái) 會(huì)提示輸入密碼，默認(rèn)密碼為 changeit，輸入之后，選擇“是”將其安裝到JDK 可信證書(shū)庫(kù)中。如果看到以下結(jié)果，則導(dǎo)入成功。

2.使用程序?qū)胱C書(shū)

Java代碼

/*
* Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
public class InstallCert {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String host;
int port;
char[] passphrase;
if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
String[] c = args[0].split(":");
host = c[0];
port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
passphrase = p.toCharArray();
} else {
System.out
.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
return;
}
File file = new File("jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false) {
char SEP = File.separatorChar;
File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"
+ SEP + "security");
file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false) {
file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
}
}
System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
ks.load(in, passphrase);
in.close();
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(ks);
X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
.getTrustManagers()[0];
SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();
System.out
.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
try {
System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
socket.startHandshake();
socket.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
} catch (SSLException e) {
System.out.println();
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
if (chain == null) {
System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
return;
}
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
System.in));
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
System.out.println();
MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "
+ cert.getSubjectDN());
System.out.println(" Issuer " + cert.getIssuerDN());
sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(" sha1 " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(" md5 " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
System.out.println();
}
System.out
.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
String line = reader.readLine().trim();
int k;
try {
k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
return;
}
X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
ks.store(out, passphrase);
out.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println(cert);
System.out.println();
System.out
.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
+ alias + "'");
}
private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
for (int b : bytes) {
b &= 0xff;
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
sb.append(' ');
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
private final X509TrustManager tm;
private X509Certificate[] chain;
SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
this.tm = tm;
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
this.chain = chain;
tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
}
}
}

編譯InstallCert.java，然后執(zhí)行：java InstallCert hostname，比如：

Cmd代碼

java InstallCert www.twitter.com

會(huì)看到如下信息：

Text代碼

java InstallCert www.twitter.com
Loading KeyStore /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_16/jre/lib/security/cacerts...
Opening connection to www.twitter.com:443...
Starting SSL handshake...
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:150)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1476)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:174)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:168)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:846)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:106)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:495)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:433)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:815)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1025)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1038)
at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:63)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:221)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:145)
at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:203)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:172)
at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(InstallCert.java:158)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.JsseX509TrustManager.checkServerTrusted(SSLContextImpl.java:320)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:839)
... 7 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:236)
at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:194)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:216)
... 13 more
Server sent 2 certificate(s):
1 Subject CN=www.twitter.com, O=example.com, C=US
Issuer CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
sha1 2e 7f 76 9b 52 91 09 2e 5d 8f 6b 61 39 2d 5e 06 e4 d8 e9 c7
md5 dd d1 a8 03 d7 6c 4b 11 a7 3d 74 28 89 d0 67 54
2 Subject CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
Issuer CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
sha1 fb 58 a7 03 c4 4e 3b 0e e3 2c 40 2f 87 64 13 4d df e1 a1 a6
md5 72 a0 95 43 7e 41 88 18 ae 2f 6d 98 01 2c 89 68
Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]

輸入1回車(chē)，然后會(huì)在當(dāng)前的目錄下產(chǎn)生一個(gè)名為"ssecacerts"的證書(shū)。將證書(shū)拷貝到JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目錄下，或者通過(guò)以下方式：

Java代碼

System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "你的jssecacerts證書(shū)路徑");

注意：因?yàn)槭庆o態(tài)加載，所以要重新啟動(dòng)你的Web Server，證書(shū)才能生效。

文章來(lái)源：http://blog.csdn.net/faye0412/article/details/6883879

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