二百十一
姚康《休那遺稿》文十二卷、詩(shī)一卷、《貨殖傳評(píng)》一卷、《外集》尺牘三卷、駢體一卷，光緒時(shí)姚氏從六世孫灼所輯錄也。余在方爾止《嵞山詩(shī)集》首覩休那《序》，頗有作意，因求此集讀之，索然敗興，《嵞山詩(shī)序》并不見(jiàn)集中也。《詩(shī)集》中有《寄方爾止》一七律（“兵氣相關(guān)真礙雁，友聲隨在得聞鸎”），《外集》卷一有《與方嵞山》一札（“君買妾為宗祧計(jì)，正當(dāng)求管夷吾、馮瀛王一輩人，責(zé)效於已試者較易耳。若趙家姊妹，恐非人種，蓋美人之於甯馨，猶文人之於阿堵，皆世間極難得之物”云云。按毛西河《詩(shī)話》卷三載其妾曼殊無(wú)子，自歎詩(shī)云：“春到園林草盡芽，夭桃何事不開(kāi)花？”孫子瀟《天真閣外集》卷一《慰個(gè)人》第二首云：“仙家瑤草原無(wú)種，不似桃花結(jié)子多?！苯钥蓞⒂^。此書(shū)附見(jiàn)《嵞山集?前集》卷三《喜得姚休那先生書(shū)》七古注中）。姚氏論文極推王、李以至於汪太函（卷一《論文》、卷十二《絕筆》、《外集》卷二《又與朱子孟》。按張習(xí)孔《雲(yún)谷臥餘》卷三亦極推汪太函詩(shī)文，蓋明末清初歙人尚私太函為鄉(xiāng)曲也）。自作則凡制藝、尺牘、語(yǔ)錄、批尾，習(xí)氣濫調(diào)，雜糅篇中。好為議論，而排比事藻，拈弄機(jī)鋒，全失古文之體。糾纏冗長(zhǎng)，格格不吐，刺刺不休，真惡道也?！栋装S貨殖傳評(píng)》腐鄙之氣中人，總評(píng)有云：“予讀書(shū)處顏曰：‘白戰(zhàn)’，置榻處顏曰：‘白醉’?！讘?zhàn)’之說(shuō)舊矣，而晝睡者有‘白醉’之名，其說(shuō)聞諸升庵”云云，則是其行文雖好鋪陳故實(shí)，而竟未知“白醉”之作何解、出何書(shū)也！學(xué)問(wèn)亦可揣知矣。詩(shī)不講格律，然為體製所範(fàn)圍，較之文遂稍遠(yuǎn)於題，偶有警策之聯(lián)。
卷一《測(cè)大》：“予經(jīng)萬(wàn)死，始得託家於秋浦之俠友，且分噉百草之新入《食經(jīng)》者。”
《詩(shī)集?排遣》：“排遣何曾達(dá)，思維亦是塵。病翻為藥果，髮在即愁因。松老皆成佛，花清欲避人。禪棲如竇許，色色可怡神?！?/span>
《飲吳體嚴(yán)座中賦》：“東邊日出西邊雨，南枝向暖北枝寒?！?/span>
《寄祚文弟》：“事往尚憐余僅在，憂來(lái)多以汝為端?！?/span>
《自祭百二十韻》，七言排律也。按《湘綺樓日記》光緒二十八年四月十九日云：“唐詩(shī)唯無(wú)七言排律，本朝最重大詩(shī)體也。自鴻博大考始用之，非小翰林所敢作。惟湯海翁有七排百韻，亦第一詩(shī)人矣?！鄙w指《海秋詩(shī)集》卷二十五《曹新安師以詩(shī)集命點(diǎn)勘斐然敘德抒情得七律一百韻》，而不知清初已有休那此篇，更為鉅觀。乾、嘉時(shí)尚有畢秋帆《靈巖山人詩(shī)集》卷七《代書(shū)一百韻寄劍飛延青兩弟》，亦七言排律也。宋初薛田有《成都書(shū)事》七律一百韻，見(jiàn)《宋詩(shī)紀(jì)事》卷九?！堆蝠N集》卷六殷桐高有《聖駕親征噶爾丹蕩平凱旋正值太和殿鼎建工成覃恩肆赦恭記一百韻》七言排律。王弇州《與李于鱗》五排一百二十韻。《少室山房類稿》卷四十八《挽王元美先生二百四十韻》。
二百十二
“Contradiction exists in all things.” [1] Including or excepting the essay from which the statement is taken?
二百十三
J.M. Edmonds, The Greek Bucolic Poets ("The Loeb Classical Library").
Theacritus II: “And no sooner was I ware of the light fall o’s foot across my threshold than I went cold as ice my body over, & the sweat dripped like dewdrops from my brow; aye, & for speaking I could not so much as the whimper of a child that calls on’s mother in his sleep; for my fair flesh was gone all stiff and stark.” (p. 35)按參觀第五十五則。
V: “You shall tread sheep’s wool as soft as sleep.” (p. 69) 按Herodes, Mimes, IV (“The Loeb Class. Lib.”, p. 143): “[The bonbon] as soft as sleep”; Virgil, Eclogae, VII, 45: “somno mollior herba (grass softer than sleep)” (“The Loeb Class. Lib.”, I, p. 52) 參觀 G.A. Borgese, I vivi e i morti, p. 161: “... rientrava la sera, con member piene di stanchezza dolce come il miele.”
V: “But when her goatherd boy goes by you should see my Cle?rist Fling apples, & her pretty lips call pouting to be kissed.” (p. 73) 按 Aulus Gellius, IX. ix 論迻譯希臘詩(shī)為拉丁，不得逐字硬翻 (“Non semper aiunt enitendum, ut omnia omnino verba in eum, in quem dicta sunt, modum vertamus. Perdunt enim gratiam pleraque, si quasi inuita et recusantia uiolentius transferuntur.” Attic Nights, tr. by J.C. Rolfe, “The Loeb Classical Library”, II, p. 176)，舉 Virgil, Ecl., 64-5: “Malo me Galatea petit, lasciva puella, / Et fugit ad salices et se cupit ante videri.” (“Loeb Class. Lib.”, I, p. 2?) 譯 Theocritus 此節(jié)可謂入妙云云。竊謂視原文不啻過(guò)之，即Paradise Regained, II, 161-2: “[Women] skilled to retire, & in retiring draw. / Hearts after them tangled in amorous nets.”又按 Aristophanes, The Clouds, 997 謂妓女以蘋(píng)果擲少年 (μηλω βληθε??) 以為勾搭，B.B. Rogers 譯本 (G. Bell & Sons) p. 128 註云：“Throwing an apple was the recognised love-challenge amongst the Greeks & Romans.” 又按 Theocritus, Virgil 所寫(xiě)景象，可與宋玉《好色賦》末句參觀。一入 Swift 筆下，遂成醜態(tài)，參觀 Gulliver’s Travels, Pt. IV, ch. 7 寫(xiě) “female Yahoo” 勾引雄者事 (“Oxford Standard Authors”, p. 313-4: “with a counterfeit show of fear” etc.) [2]?！臼愤_(dá)祖《祝英臺(tái)近》：“見(jiàn)郎和笑拖裙，匆匆欲去，驀忽地、肯留芳袖?！?/span>Montaigne, Essais, II. 15 (Pléiade, p. 97) 引 Virgil [3]?！?/span>
V: “’Tis true Alcippa kissed me, but she forgot to kiss by the pot.” (p. 79) 按 Hans Licht, Beitr?ge zur antiken Erotik, S. 143 引 Eunikos 劇，又 Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, tr. by J.H. Freese, p. 310 引Plutarch, Moralia, 38c 論 “Topf” 或 “Henkelkuss” [4] (dass man ein Kind an beiden Ohren nahm und küsste, wobei das Kind mit seinen Patschh?ndchen ebenfalls nach den Ohren des Küssenden greifen musste)。
VIII: “A maid with meeting eyebrows.” (p. 119) 按參觀 Leigh Hunt, Men, Women & Books: “Criticism on Female Beauty”; Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, III, p. 145 引 émeric-David: “The typical Greek beautiful woman must be tall... the eyebrows slightly arched & almost meeting.”
X: “Bombyca fair, to other folk you may a Gipsy be; sunburnt & lean they call you; you are honey-brown to me. Of flowers the violet’s dark.” (p. 135) 按悅目即姝，惟愛(ài)所丁。此 Michelangelo 所以問(wèn)：“Dimmi di grazia, amor, se gli occhi i mei / veggono ’l ver della beltà ch’aspiro, / o s’io l’ho dentro allor che, dov’ io miro, / veggio più bello el viso di costei.” (The Sonnets of Michael Angelo Buonarroti, tr. by J.A. Symonds, XXV, p. 27)，而答云：“beltà che tu vedi è ben da quella”，則非情人眼裏出西施之謂。【□Catullus, LI....□□乃眼花撩亂[5]】至與 Theocritus 此首相印可者，則 Godschalk: “Amas ut pulchram facias” (R. de Gourmont,Le Latin mystique, p. 143 引); Congreve, The Way of the World, II, i: “You are no longer handsome when you’ve lost your lover. Beauty is the lover’s gift.” 也【cf. Fontenelle: “L’amour est le revenu de la beauté.” (quoted in Saint-Beuve, Les Grands écrivains Fran?ais, éd. M. Allem, VII, p. 5)】。此意始見(jiàn)於 Plato, Rep., 474D; Plutarch, Moralia, I, p. 241; Lucretius, IV, 1160: “Nigra melichrus est, immunda et fetida acosmos. / caesia Palladium, nervosa et lignea dorcas” etc.; Ovid, Ars am., II, 657: “Nominibus mollire licetmala: fusca vocetur, / Nigrior Illyrica cui pice sanguis erit” etc. (cf. Remed. am., 323 et seq.); Moliere, Le Misanthrope, II, v: “La pale est au jasmin en blancheur comparable; / La noire à faire peur, une brune adorable” etc.; John Suckling, “Sonnets” II: “I ask no red & white, / To make up my delight; / No odd becoming graces, / Black eyes, or little know-not-whats in faces; / Make me but mad enough, give me / Good store of love for her I count; / I ask no more, / ’Tis love in love that makes the sport. / There’s no such thing as that we beauty call, / It is mere cozenage all.... / If I a fancy take / To black & blue, / That fancy doth it beauty make. / ’Tis not the meat, but ’tis the appetite / Makes eating a delight”; Pierre Janet, L’Amour et la Haine, p. 151: “La beauté de la femme est dans des nerfs de l’homme”; Robert Herrick: “No Loathesomeness in Love” (Poetical Works, ed. L.C. Martin, p. 13); “Qui du cul d’un chien s’amourose, / Il lui para?t une rose.” (à la Recherche du Temps Perdu, “La Pléiade”, I, p. 123, Fran?oise) 其見(jiàn)於散文者如 Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy, Pt. III, Sect. ii, Mem. 3, Subs. 1: “Love is blind”一節(jié)論 “Quisquis amat ranam, ranam putat esse Dianara.” (“Everyman’s Library”, vol. III, p. 155)；又 Voltaire,Diction. Philos., art. “Beau”: “Demandez a un crapaud ce que c’est que la beauté, le grand beau, le to kalon. Il vous répondra que c’est sa crapaude” etc. (Oeuv. Comp., éd. Moland, XVII, pp. 556-7)?！炯础肚f子》所謂“猨，猵狙以為雌”一節(jié)之意[6]，見(jiàn)第四百六十二則。拉丁諺亦云：“驢以驢為美，豕以豕為麗。”（Asinus asino, et sus sui pulcher.）Thomas Dekker, The Honest Whore, Pt. II, Act II, Sc. I, Bellafront: “So crowes are faire with crowes.” (Dramatic Work, ed. F. Bowers, II, 154)】至 Stendhal, De l’Amour, ch. XVII: “Même les petits défauts de sa figure, une marque de petite vérole, par exemple, donnent, de l’attendrissement à l’homme qui aime... Si l’on parvient ain i à préférer et à aimer la laideur, c’est que dans ce cas la laideur est beauté.” (éd. “Le Divan”, p. 80) 而發(fā)揮無(wú)餘蘊(yùn)。即日本諺謂：“In a lover’s eyes, pockmarks become dimples.” [7]（見(jiàn) Ploss, Bartels & Bartels, Woman, ed. By E.J. Dingwall, I, pp. 213-4引）之意。【Don Quixote, Pt. II, ch. 47: “The pock-marks on Clara Perlerina’s face are many & large, but those who are fond of her will assert that those are not scars at all but graves where the hearts of her lovers lie buried.” (tr. S. Putnam, II, p. 814)】《盱江全集》卷三十四《贈(zèng)卿材》所謂：“女色無(wú)定美，寵至美則多。”《苕溪漁隱後集》第三十一引《復(fù)齋漫錄》云：“諺云：‘情人眼裏有西施?！焦热∫詾樵?shī)，故《答公益春思》云：‘西施逐人眼，稱心最為得?！睆埰阶印段骶┵x》所謂“惟愛(ài)所丁”也?！尽度龂?guó)文》卷二十三蔣濟(jì)《萬(wàn)機(jī)論》：“語(yǔ)曰：‘兩目不相為視?！魠怯卸斯苍u(píng)玉者，一人曰好，一人曰醜，久之不決）。二人各曰：‘爾可求入吾目中，則好醜分矣?！保▌儭墩p第五十一》本此。）】【《拍案驚奇》卷十七云：“人生最怕的是眼裏火。一動(dòng)了眼裏火，隨你左看右看，無(wú)不中心像意的?！薄督鹌棵贰返谄呤兀骸安还芎么醯亩际諗埾?，原來(lái)是一個(gè)眼裏火?！薄端疂G全傳》第二十一回：“佳人有意村夫俏，紅粉無(wú)心浪子村?！薄锻ㄋ拙帯肪矶斶B子云：“心誠(chéng)憐，白髪玄；情不怡，姸色媸。”謂是“情人眼裏有西施”語(yǔ)之祖。馮夢(mèng)龍《山歌》卷四《出》云：“當(dāng)官銀匠出細(xì)絲，護(hù)短爺娘出俊兒。道學(xué)先生口裏出子孔夫子，情人眼裏出西施?！薄都t樓夢(mèng)》第七十九回香菱云：“這是‘情人眼裏出西施’?！薄督鹌棵贰返谌呋兀骸白怨诺溃骸槿搜垩Y出西施’?！薄稖喨缙?論子弟有三揣?其三?揣自己年貌》：“情人眼裏出西施……這西施料難是你，不如歸去且徘徊?！薄赌呶恼z稿》卷二《代友贈(zèng)人》：“端非情眼出西施。”】《淮海集》卷十二《眇娼傳》所謂：“諺有之：‘心相憐，馬首圓?！杂嗟萌羧?，還視世之女子，無(wú)不餘一目者。夫佳目，得一足矣，奚以多為？”（參觀第五百七十三則。）江進(jìn)之《雪濤小書(shū)》卷四所謂：“閩人篤於男色者，見(jiàn)一美姬姿態(tài)絕倫，乃嘆日：‘可惜是婦人耳?！钟信c眇姬相處者，寵戀異常?；蛟懺唬骸松僖荒浚巫銘伲俊淙说突矅@曰：‘公不知趣，我看了此姬，天下婦人都似多了一隻眼?！?/span>Martial, III, 8 [Quintus in love with one-eyed Thais]: “Unum oculum Thais non habet, ille duos.” (Loeb, I, 1680) 又第二五一則、七三八則。又第二百十四則眉[8]。【［補(bǔ)二一三則《眇娼傳》］Anatomy of Melancholy, Part III, Sect. II, Mem. V, Subs. II: “Petrarch hath such another tale of a young gallant, that loved a wench with one eye, & for that cause by his parents was sent to travel into far countries, ‘a(chǎn)fter some years he returned, & meeting the maid for whose sake he was sent abroad, asked her how, & by what chance she lost her eye? No, said she, I have lost none, but you have found yours.’” (“Everyman’s Library”, vol. III, p. 200)《西洋記》六十四回：“哈里虎一手拔出箭頭，連眼珠兒都帶出來(lái)，說(shuō)道：‘兩只眼本是多一只，去了他也罷。’”】孫子瀟《天真閣集》卷一《雜言》云：“妍媸在情，色居其名。”卷十六《情箴》云：“美惡至無(wú)準(zhǔn)，惟情所軒輊”；“兩心果相悅，凡質(zhì)皆先施。素意茍不屬，姱容亦仳倠?！保ㄓ值谄甙偃齽t。）（Aldous Huxley, Texts & Pretexts, p. 53: “Suckling puts his argument in the conditional If. But in point of actual fact it is almost infinitely improbable that he will take a fancy to black & blue. Nature & second nature have limited him to white & gold, to olive & black, to sunburn & chestnut... There are values which persist, because there is a physiology which persists &, along with a physiology, a mental structure.”【Anatomy of Melancholy, Pt. III, Sect. ii, Mem. 2, Subs. 4 (“Everyman’s ... [9]】
XI. The Cyclops: “O well I wot pretty maid for why thou shunnest me so; one long shag eyebrow ear to ear my forehead doth go, & but one eye beneath doth lie, & the nose stands wide on the lip. Yet be as I may, still this I say, I feed full a thousand sheep.” (p. 143) 按即《西游記》第二十三回豬八戒所云：“娘，上覆令愛(ài)，不要這等揀漢。師父俊雖俊，卻沒(méi)用。我醜自醜，有幾句口號(hào)兒：‘雖然人物醜，勤緊有些功。若言千頃地，不用使牛耕’”云云也。Tasso, Aminta, II, i, Satiro 亦然。
XVIII. “The Epithalamy of Helen” (pp. 225 ff) 按 Hans Licht, Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, Eng. tr., p. 55 引scholiast說(shuō)此云： “The epithalamium is sung, in order that the cries of the young bride, while she is offered violence to by her husband, may not be heard, but may be drowned in the song of the girls.”
XXVII. “Daphnis: ‘Even in an empty kiss there’s a sweet delight.’ Acrotime: “Look ye, I wipe my mouth o’ your kiss & spit it from me.’” (p. 333) 按 Guarini, Pastor Fido: “Bocca baciata a forza, / Se ’l bacio sputa, ogni vergogna ammorza.” (見(jiàn) Luigi Russo, Gli scrittori d’Italia, I, p. 550) Cf. Lewis Carroll, Sylvie & Bruno, ch. 16 on “unkissing”; “The Rural Dance about the May-pole”: “The girls did then begin to quarrel with the men; / And bid ’em take their kisses back, & give ’em their own again.” (The Faber Book of Popular Verse, p. 42)
“Daphnis: ‘Your youth passes you by like a dream.’ Acrotime: ‘But the grape’s in the raisin, & dry rose-leaves may live.’” (p. 335) 按妙喻，參觀 Greek Anthology, Bk. V, 304: “When you were a green grape you refused me, when you were ripe you bade me be off, at least grudge me not a little of your raisin.” [10] (Eng. tr. W.R. Paton, “The Loeb Classical Library”, I, p. 293)。至 Bk. V, 28: “I don’t accept a bramble for a rose.” (p. 143) 則 “Il n’est si belle rose qui ne devienne gratte-cul” 之意矣。又 Lucian, The Downward Journey: “Hermes: ‘Here are 300 babies.’ Charon: ‘It’s green-grape dead you have brought us.’ Hermes: ‘Here you are again, 398, all tender & ripe & harvested in season.’ Charon: ‘Good Lord, yes! They are all raisins now!’” (“The Loeb Classical Library”, tr. by A.M. Harmon, II, p. 11)，當(dāng)是希臘文中常喻。又 “Acrotime: ‘Why hast thou put thy hand in my breasts?’ Daphnis: ‘I am fain to give thy ripe pippins their first lesson.’” (p. 341) 按以婦人乳為蘋(píng)婆果乃希臘詩(shī)中常喻[11] ，參觀 Hans Licht, Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, Eng. tr., pp. 271, 311.；又第五百三十一則 Orlando Furioso, XII. 14；又 R. Coolus & A. Rivoire, Pardon, Madame..., Acte I, Sc. X: “Et un corps de 16 ans! Avec des petits seins durs comme pommes!” 參觀第二百七十九則。
Bion XV: “’Tis said a continual dripping will e’en wear a hollow in a stone.” (p. 415) 按字書(shū)僅知引Lucretius, I, 314: “Stillicidi lapsus lapidem cavat.” Robert Greene, Arbasto 中引申之云：“In time we see the silver drops / The craggy stones make soft; / The slowest snail in time we see / Doth creep & climb aloft. / With feeble puffs the tallest pine / In tract of time doth fall; / The hardest heart in time doth yield / To Venus’ luring call.” (A.H. Bullen, Poems Chiefly Lyrical from Romances and Prose-tracts of the Elizabethan Age, p. 9) 諺云：“烈女怕纏夫”（《湘綺樓日記》光緒九年六月廿七日引），此之謂也。E. & J. de Goncourt,L’Amour au XVIIIe siècle, p. 38: “N’est-ce pas un principe partout répété, un fait affirmé bien haut par les hommes, qu’il suffit de dire trois fois à une femme qu’elle est jolie, pour qu’elle vous remercie à la première fois, pour qu’elle vous croie à la seconde, et pour qu’à la troisième elle vous récompense?” 可參觀。
Moschus I: “The Runaway Love” 按此 Venus 失子零丁也：“And the reward shall be the kiss of Cypris.” (p. 425) 其意至 Apuleius, Metam., Lib. VI. 7 而增飾為 “Accepturus ab ipsa venere septem savia et unum blandientis appulsu linguae longe mellitum.” [12] 即 Johannes Secundus, Basia V 所詠 (Cataglottism)。
V: “Pan loved his neighbor Echo; Echo loved a frisking Satyr; & Satyr he was head over ears for Lydè... for by just course, even as each of those hearts did scorn its lover, so was it also scorned being such a lover itself” etc. (pp. 459-461) 按 Heine, Lyrisches Intermezzo: “Ein Jüngling liebt ein M?dchen, / Die hat einen andern erw?hlt; / Der andre liebt eine andre, / Und hat sich mit dieser verm?hlt” etc. (Werke und Briefe in 10 B?nden, Aufbau, 1961, S. 88); Neuer Frühling: “Der Schmetterling ist in die Rose verliebt” usw. (S. 218); édouard Grenier, “Plainte”: “Le vent aime la fleur; la fleur le papillon; / Le papillon l’azur; l’azur le doux rayon / De l’étoile lointaine; / L’étoile aime la mer, et la mer, le rocher / Qui re?oit ses baisers sans se laisser toucher / Par l’amour ou la haine” etc. (G. Walch, Anthologie des poètes fr. contemporains, I, pp. 75-6); Mrs Alderson to Mrs Taylor: “Mrs Inchbald says the report of the world is that Mr Holcroft is in love with her, she with Mr Godwin, Mr Godwin with me, & I am in love with Mr Holcroft.” (F.K. Brown, William Godwin, p. 112) 即 Hardy, The Hand of Ethelberta 所謂 “concatenated affection” (Carl J. Weber, Hardy of Wessex, p. 62 引)。Jean Rousset, La littérature de l’age baroque en France, p. 40 引Chréstien des Croix, Les Amantes 本事云：“Eurialle est amoureux de Floris, et ha? d’elle: Ariston aime Clorinde qu’elle dédaigne pour chérir Eurialle” etc. 謂為 “l(fā)a chaine d’amours en cascades”。
Simias of Rhodes 等 “Pattern poems” (pp. 489 ff.) 按即 Technopaignia，其源流詳見(jiàn) J.W.H. Atkins,English Literary Criticism: The Medieval Phase, p. 167; English Literary Criticism: The Renascence, pp. 146-7。P. Daudin: “Les vers figures” (Vie et langage, Mars 1960, pp. 152-8) 考此亦詳。近日西洋詩(shī)人如Guillaume Apollinaire 集中每見(jiàn)此體【Guillaume Apollinaire, Calligrammes 中有 “Paysage”, “La Cravate et la montre”, “Coeur couronne et miroir”, “La Mandoline, l’oeillet et la bambou”,“ La Colonne poignardée et le jet d’eau”, “Aussi bien que les cigales”, “Du coton dans les oreilles”, “éventail des saveurs” (Oeuvres Poétiques, “Bibl. de la Pléiade”, pp. 170, 192, 197, 203, 209, 213, 284, 287, 298) 諸首】，Dylan Thomas, Vision & Prayer 亦其類，在吾國(guó)則習(xí)見(jiàn)不鮮矣。
二百十四
李雯舒章《蓼齋集》四十七卷、《後集》五卷。舒章與陳臥子同鄉(xiāng)友善，詩(shī)文祈嚮亦相似，皆承何、李、王、李之遺，稍變斑駁為采錯(cuò)者。然才薄氣弱，詞蕪調(diào)懈，就摹擬論，亦屬下乘?！夺峒穭t甲申以後所作，益頹率不振，內(nèi)疚大節(jié)之有虧，外愧故交之異趣，自憐自鄙（四字見(jiàn)《後集》卷四《丁亥夏日行役之作》第一首），其言也哀。讀者悲其志可矣，篇什則無(wú)取焉。【《峭帆樓叢書(shū)》中有《雲(yún)間三子新詩(shī)合稿》，蓋乙丙之際、鼎革之後所刻，時(shí)舒章在北方已仕清矣?！俊竞畛凇端膽浱迷?shī)集》卷五《哀辭九章?之八?陳公子龍》練貞吉註云：“明詩(shī)自袁宏道、鍾惺後失其正傳，天下不知風(fēng)雅。公與李公雯力振之，卒歸正始?！薄毒?李公雯》：“鬱陶發(fā)病死，誰(shuí)當(dāng)諒舒章？”賈開(kāi)宗註云：“假歸，道過(guò)淮安，故人萬(wàn)孝廉壽祺以僧服見(jiàn)公，望之泣下曰：‘李陵之罪，上通於天矣！’未幾病死?！薄断耐甏炯罚ㄖ腥A書(shū)局本）卷一《怨曉月賦》有舒章《跋》云：“存谷忠孝性成，未及終、賈之年，殉身家國(guó)”云云。卷二《懷李舒章六首》有云：“大道不終秦，君子良邂逅。邂逅在萬(wàn)里，羗故與之俱。丈夫明大節(jié)，敦信義豈渝。”卷五《讀陳軼符李舒章宋轅文合稿》有云：“庾徐別恨同千古，蘇李交情在五言。雁行南北誇新貴，鷁首西東憶故園?！本戆恕杜c李舒章求寬侯氏書(shū)》。卷四《人日懷舒章》云：“傷心子山去，何日少卿歸？”】
石維崑《序》：“大曆以來(lái)，荊蕪榛塞，七百餘歲，而得獻(xiàn)吉氏。王、李既沒(méi)，邪說(shuō)者作，七十餘歲，而得我先生?！卑淳砭拧缎掳菜膽言?shī)》有《詠汪大函》一首略云：“點(diǎn)竄班左字，漁獵周秦英。顧盼王李間，奚必非齊盟?！本砣睹魑奈鲾ⅰ仿栽疲骸啊睹魑奈鳌氛吆?？秦文也。遠(yuǎn)者如空同李夢(mèng)陽(yáng)闢其榛蕪，近者如太青文翔鳳繁其翳薈?！逼渫浦仄咦尤绱?。卷三十四《陳臥子屬玉堂詩(shī)序》云：“臥子獨(dú)好與余言詩(shī)，大約以為詩(shī)貴沉壯，又須神明。能沉壯而無(wú)神明者，以大將統(tǒng)軍，刁斗精嚴(yán)，及其鼓角既動(dòng)，戰(zhàn)如風(fēng)雨，而無(wú)旌旆悠揚(yáng)之色。有神明而不能沉壯者，如王夷甫、衛(wèi)叔寶諸人，握麈談道，望若神仙，而不可以涉山川、冒險(xiǎn)難。此所謂‘英’、‘雄’之分也，以樂(lè)府古詩(shī)論之，曹孟德雄而不英，曹子桓英而不雄，而子建獨(dú)兼之。以唐詩(shī)言之，則高達(dá)夫雄而不英，李頎英而不雄，王右丞則英中之雄，王龍標(biāo)則雄中之英，而子美獨(dú)兼之”云云。此則雲(yún)間諸子與前後七子分界處：前後七子卓犖為杰，偏於陽(yáng)剛者也；雲(yún)間諸子頗欲濟(jì)以陰柔，而求紆徐為妍矣。
卷十八《彷彿行?序》云：“余少聞小青之事，傷其哀麗。今年秋，同郡好事者為青作傳奇。昔之所哭，今已為歌?！保愲?yún)伯《碧城仙館詩(shī)鈔》卷三《小青曲》：“情天小刼罡風(fēng)起，片片飛花紅著水……如此蛾眉最可憐，西泠芳草葬嬋娟。姻緣領(lǐng)略人間世，莫乞他生並蒂蓮?！保?/span>
卷二十五《答方密之書(shū)》：“弟聞之作詩(shī)家云：‘老過(guò)則穉，高過(guò)則混?！倚种?shī)，既到峯極，固當(dāng)急持其後，不可使轉(zhuǎn)墮一境。”
卷三十六《與方密之書(shū)》：“天上人欲與井中人共語(yǔ)，不獨(dú)當(dāng)借之羽毛，且須惠其綆縻。而弟之窮頓困鬱，雖有垂天之羽，無(wú)所附其身，千丈之綆，不能接其體。惟呼其近井者時(shí)一語(yǔ)之?！?/span>
《報(bào)顧偉南書(shū)》：“乃占占持敝帚補(bǔ)縫掖，跼促車馬間?；騿?wèn)其鄉(xiāng)里姓氏，則曰：此待兩年後鄉(xiāng)貢試諸生李雯者也?！?/span>
《後集》卷一《東門(mén)行寄陳氏》：“與君為兄弟，各各相分?jǐn)y”；“聞君誓天，余愧無(wú)顏”；“知君未忍相決絕，呼天叩地明所懷?！备健稌?shū)》云：“三年契濶，千秋變常。失身以來(lái)，不敢復(fù)通書(shū)札者，知大義已絕於君子也。然而側(cè)身思念，心緒百端，語(yǔ)及良朋，淚如波湧。側(cè)聞故人頗多眷舊之言，欲訴鄙懷，難於尺幅，遂伸意斯篇，用代自序。三春心淚，亦盡於斯”云云，蓋寄臥子也。方爾止《嵞山詩(shī)》卷一《雲(yún)間五子詩(shī)》自註：“刪李雯一首。”則舒章之不齒於南中故舊，可想見(jiàn)矣。
卷一《述憫》云：“難忘故國(guó)思，已食新君餌?！?/span>
卷二《暮秋自遣》云：“難說(shuō)昇天引自注：余嘗云生今之世，惟有白日飛昇乃佳，何堪據(jù)地歌。”
卷三《憶轅文》云：“衣冠無(wú)語(yǔ)安殊俗，顏面多慚識(shí)俊賢?！?/span>
《憶大樽》云：“斷髮久辭飛雀鏡，名山負(fù)爾薜蘿裙?！保ò赐怼都咨晗娜諏?xiě)懷》云：“短髮常教明鏡遠(yuǎn)”，卷五《答髮責(zé)文》皆可參觀。）
二百十五
馬世俊甸臣《匡菴詩(shī)前集》六卷、《詩(shī)集》六卷。往在《隨園詩(shī)話》、《茶餘客話》卷十六（王錫祺刻二十二卷本）中覩章民未第時(shí)軼事。《晚晴簃詩(shī)滙》卷三十一記其“工書(shū)畫(huà)，有‘二右’之目，謂右軍、右丞也”。詩(shī)纖滑無(wú)足觀。錄其流逸而尚不率者三律：
《前集》卷一：“甫聽(tīng)鸎語(yǔ)媚春華，秭鳺先鳴起怨嗟[13] 。石望夫歸山望子，魂為鳥(niǎo)去血為花。高枝倦羽驚難宿，獨(dú)枕懷人感越加。燈火未消還起坐，一鈎殘?jiān)滤帣谛薄?/span>《夜聞子規(guī)》”按第四句前人多有此意。［唐徐凝《翫花》云：“誰(shuí)為蜀王身作鳥(niǎo)，自啼還自有花開(kāi)?！碧茥钚忻簟妒ь}》：“杜鵑花裏杜鵑啼，淺紫深紅更傍谿。”《海錄碎事》卷二十二引張承吉句云：“杜鵑花發(fā)杜鵑叫，烏臼樹(shù)生烏臼啼?！标淌逶耳p鴣天》云：“陌上濛濛殘絮飛，杜鵑花裏杜鵑啼?！保ā稓v代詩(shī)餘》卷二十七）《列朝詩(shī)集》丁八載王百穀《哭袁相公》云：“山上杜鵑花是鳥(niǎo)，墓前翁仲石為人?！蔽簯棥对?shī)持二集》卷四載盧士厚《寄諷魏惟度》云：“淚既可花亦可鳥(niǎo)。”魏氏評(píng)云：“比杜鵑也?！?/span>呂晚村《東莊詩(shī)集?夢(mèng)覺(jué)集?遊慈相寺》：“最是客游難久住，杜鵑落過(guò)杜鵑啼。”卓爾堪《明末四百家遺民詩(shī)》卷五劉城《杜宇》：“血染花成色，魂依鳥(niǎo)作音?！薄锻砬绾m詩(shī)滙》卷四十一陸葇《南安早發(fā)》：“最是斷腸聽(tīng)不得，杜鵑花裏鷓鴣聲?！鼻缶段躺皆?shī)外》卷十四《杜鵑花?之二》：“上作啼鵑下作花?！庇忠?jiàn)第六十七則宋湘《荊山守風(fēng)》。蔣心餘《忠雅堂詩(shī)集》卷二《過(guò)金山?之二》：“日午魚(yú)龍呼不起，郭公墳上郭公嗁?！?/span>宋芷灣《滇蹄集》卷二《杜鵑花盛開(kāi)作歌》：“舉頭看杜鵑，低頭聽(tīng)杜鵑?！眳⒂^第六十七則。至倪象占韭山《清明卜算子》云：“紅笑紅啼兩不分，是杜鵑開(kāi)也?！保ā顿€棋山莊詞話》卷七）更參以李義山《早起》之“鶯花啼又笑，畢竟是誰(shuí)春？”南唐成彥雄《杜鵑花》：“杜鵑花與鳥(niǎo)，怨艷兩何賒。疑是口中血，滴成枝上花”，又《槿花》之“殷鮮一相雜，啼笑兩難分”兩詩(shī)語(yǔ)意。特過(guò)前人矣。］第三句頗能烘託取神。
卷二：“石城三月百花開(kāi)，修禊何人共舉杯。水落淮橋魚(yú)欲上，春明江閣燕初來(lái)。漸聞地著耕傭減，愁遇天驕獵騎迴。柳市桃津看未足，鄉(xiāng)心一片更徘徊。《石門(mén)即事》”
《詩(shī)集》卷一：“百丈游塵隱日華，幾年彈鋏賦無(wú)家。朝臨青李時(shí)題壁，午飯黃秔帶煮沙。客至但供春夜悲，我歸應(yīng)及故侯瓜。鄒陽(yáng)漫道能吹律，一半園林未著花。《燕邱書(shū)懷第一首》”
[1] “On Contradiction”: “Contradiction exists in [the process of development of] all things.”（矛盾存在於一切事物［的發(fā)展過(guò)程］之中。）
[2]《手稿集》313 頁(yè)行間重引 Swift 此節(jié)。
[4]“Henkelkuss”原作“Hendelkuss”。
[8] 即下文，見(jiàn)《手稿集》318 頁(yè)眉。
[9] 此見(jiàn)《手稿集》313 頁(yè)行間，下文脫落。
[11]“pippin”當(dāng)為蘋(píng)果（特指青黃而泛紅者），而非蘋(píng)婆果（sterculia）。
[12] 阿普列烏斯《變形記》原文：“Accepturus indicivae nomine ab ipsa Venere septem savia suavia et unum blandientis appulsu linguae longe mellitum.”
