語法專題復習方略 第一講 名詞和冠詞
Ⅰ.用適當?shù)墓谠~填空
1.Let's go to cinema－that'll take your mind off the problem
for while.
解析：go to the cinema與for a while均為習慣搭配，分別指“去看電影”，
“一會兒”。
答案：the；a
2.The biggest whale is blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters long－the height of 9story building.
解析：句意：最大的鯨魚是藍鯨，可以長到大約
答案：the；a
3.We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.
解析：句中sky與world都表示泛指，a表示“一”這個數(shù)量，相當于“one”。
答案：a；a
4.What pity that you couldn't be there to receive prize！
解析：該句是感嘆句，What a pity that...為固定句型，所以第一空用不定冠詞a；而第二空依據(jù)語境應(yīng)該是談話雙方都知道的事物，所以用定冠詞the。
答案：a；the
5.In order to find better job，he decided to study second foreign language.
解析：第一空用不定冠詞表泛指，表示“一份更好的工作”；第二空用不定冠詞與序數(shù)詞連用，表示“又一”。句意：為了找一份更好的工作，他決定再學一門外語。
答案：a；a
6.Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.
解析：泛指平衡飲食，應(yīng)該用不定冠詞。
答案：a
7.George couldn't remember when he first met Mr.Anderson，but he was sure it
was Sunday because everybody was at church.
解析：句意：雖然George記不起他第一次見Mr.Anderson的時間，但他確信是個星期天，因為大家都去做禮拜。該空表示泛指，用不定冠詞。
答案：a
8.Christmas is special holiday when whole family are supposed to get together.
解析：Christmas是一個特殊的假期，故用a；whole前邊應(yīng)該加定冠詞，the whole family表示“全家人”。
答案：a；the
9.How about taking short break？I want to make call.
解析：take a break和make a call均為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案：a；a
10.I looked under bed and found book I lost last week.
解析：bed和book在此都是特指，故填the。
答案：the；the
11.I know you don't like music very much.But what do you think
of music in the film we saw yesterday？
解析：句意：我知道你不怎么喜歡音樂。但是你認為昨天我們看的那部電影中的音樂怎么樣呢？第一空“音樂”為抽象名詞，前通常不加冠詞；第二個music有定語in the film we saw yesterday修飾，表特指用the。
答案：不填；the
12.—I knocked over my coffee cup.It went right over keyboard.
—You shouldn't put drinks near computer.
解析：句意：——我碰倒了咖啡杯?？Х葹⒌搅随I盤上。——你不應(yīng)該把飲料放在電腦旁。第一空后的名詞keyboard為特指，即這個/那個鍵盤；第二空后的名詞computer為泛指，說話人在強調(diào)使用(任意一臺)電腦都應(yīng)該注意的事情。
答案：the；a
13.Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops，or to
use wood as fuel or as building material.
解析：該空是指砍掉森林后的樹木，為特指，填the。
答案：the
14.Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor，my father's advice was most important one.
解析：句意：在我決定做一名大學教授的所有理由中，我父親的建議是最重要的。根據(jù)句意，第一空表特指，所以用定冠詞the；第二空因為句首有“Of all...”，含有比較含義，故用the表達最高級的意思。
答案：the；the
15.Mrs.Taylor has 8yearold daughter who has gift for painting—she has won two national prizes.
解析：第一個空表示數(shù)量一，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，8(eight)讀音是以元音音素開頭，所以用an；have a gift for...有……的天賦。
答案：an；a
Ⅱ.單項填空
1.I keep medicines on the top shelf，out of the children's .
A.reach B.hand
C.hold D.place
解析：句意：我把藥放到了架子的頂部，孩子們夠不到的地方。out of one's reach 夠不著，(某人)力所不能及之處。
答案：A
2.In dealing with public relations，we should make every effort to prevent
the in personality.
A.contact B.contrast
C.connection D.conflict
解析：句意：在處理公關(guān)關(guān)系時，我們應(yīng)努力防止個性沖突。contact和connection是同義詞，意為“聯(lián)系”；contrast對比；conflict沖突。
答案：D
3.Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China.
A.enjoyment B.appreciation
C.entertainment D.reputation
解析：句意：中國藝術(shù)享譽海外。enjoyment高興；appreciation欣賞；entertainment娛樂；reputation聲譽。
答案：B
4.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A.temper B.appearance
C.talent D.character
解析：句意：在與別人共事時，他證明了自己是真正的紳士，也證明了他具有良好的品格。character品質(zhì)，特性；temper心情，脾氣；appearance外表，外貌；talent才能，天才。
答案：D
5.It has always been the of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.
A.plan B.campaign
C.procedure D.policy
解析：句意：本公司的一貫方針是鼓勵工人參加社會活動。plan計劃；campaign(政治或競選的)運動，(軍事的)行動；procedure做事的手續(xù)、程序；policy(尤指政黨、政府、大企業(yè)、商業(yè)等的)政策，方針。
答案：D
6.The of his clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing football.
A.state B.condition
C.occasion D.situation
解析：state狀況，狀態(tài)。condition情況(多用復數(shù))；occasion場合，時機；situation處境，形勢，局面，情況。
答案：A
7.He put in a special for an extra day's holiday so that he could attend his daughter's wedding.
A.request B.demand
C.inquiry D.proposal
解析：request請求，put in a request for(提出請求)。demand需求，需要；inquiry詢問；proposal建議，均不合題意。
答案：A
8.When a space shuttle has accomplished its ，it can be ready for another trip in about two weeks.
A.venture B.mission
C.commission D.responsibility
解析：mission通常指一種特殊的、特定的，且有一定難度的使命或工作，常與accomplish，complete等詞搭配。venture冒險，常指商業(yè)上的冒險投機；commission委任，代理，傭金；responsibility責任。句意：當航天飛機完成了它的使命，它能在大約兩周內(nèi)做好準備再次航行。
答案：B
9.Political parties often differ in their views on various concerning their own
countries.
A.ways B.measures
C.issues D.patterns
解析：issue此處意為“重大問題”。way方法，方式；measure措施，雖然填入本題也說得過去，但不夠貼切；pattern模式，圖案，圖樣，與題意不符，不能入選。
答案：C
10.The generation makes it difficult for parents to understand their children's opinions.
A.division B.gap
C.separation D.interval
解析：generation gap代溝。division分，劃分；separation分開；interval間隔，間隙，(幕間或工間)休息；at intervals不時，時時。
答案：B
11.The new safety regulations were agreed on after with the work force.
A.conference B.participation
C.intervention D.consultation
解析：consultation商議：hold a consultation with sb.about sth.(與某人商談某事)。conference討論會；participation參加，參與；intervention干預，干涉。
答案：D
12.A successful scientist needs if he wants to make hypothesis(假設(shè))of how processes work and how events take place.
A.permission B.penetration
C.imagination D.convention
解析：imagination想象力；permission允許；penetration穿透； convention慣例，常規(guī)。
答案：C
13.I can't advise you what to do.You must use your own .
A.opinion B.guesswork
C.justice D.judgement
解析：judgement判斷；opinion意見；guesswork猜測；justice正義，公正。
答案：D
14.The author had qualified as a doctor but later gave up the of medicine for
fulltime writing.
A.prescription B.procedure
C.treatment D.practice
解析：practice(醫(yī)生或律師的)業(yè)務(wù)，生意；prescription藥方；procedure程序，手續(xù)；treatment治療，待遇。
答案：D
15.The old man got into the of storing money under the bed.
A.tradition B.habit
C.use D.custom
解析：get into the habit of doing sth.意為“養(yǎng)成了做……的習慣”。habit指個人的習慣；custom則指社會的風俗習慣；tradition傳統(tǒng)；use用途。
答案：B
16.The stuck on the outside of the envelope said “By Air”.
A.label B.ticket
C.signal D.sign
解析：label標簽，標記。ticket車票；signal信號；sign記號，指示牌，traffic signs交通指示牌。
答案：A
17.She was putting on her watch when the broke and it fell to the ground.
A.belt B.strap
C.tie D.string
解析：strap(表，手提包的)帶。belt皮帶，腰帶；seatbelt(系于飛機座位上的)安全帶；tie領(lǐng)帶；string細繩子。
答案：B
18.I could tell he was surprised from the on his face.
A.appearance B.view
C.sight D.expression
解析：expression此處意指“表情”；appearance表示人的“儀表，外表”；view指“視線，風景”；sight表示“視力”。
答案：D
19.The government has lost a great deal of because of the large increase in food prices.
A.strength B.support
C.agreement D.vote
解析：lose support失去支持。strength力量；agreement協(xié)定，協(xié)議；vote作為“選票”解時，是可數(shù)名詞，所以不能與a great deal of搭配。
答案：B
20.Usually a child's behaviour is a of his family environment.
A.recognition B.reflection
C.return D.record
解析：句意：一個孩子的行為通?？梢苑从吵鏊募彝キh(huán)境。recognition認出；reflection反映；return歸還；返回；record錄音；記錄。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選B。
答案：B
Ⅲ.語法填空
Charles Pink was a young Canadian who had a good house and he knew how to enjoy himself.Every Saturday，he went to 1 theatre and to 2 (party).His car was one of the best in his city.He had lots of money and one day bought 3 plane.He learned to fly and flying became one of his main 4 (enjoyment).
One day about thirty 5 (yearly)ago，he set off in his small plane on a trip across 6 (Mexican).At first everything went well，but when he was over the part of the country 7 engine of the little machine failed.
Fortunately，Pink was flying at a good height when the bad 8 (thing)happened，and he had time to find 9 place to land.Below him he could see a number of 10 (field)which looked nice enough to land on，and he managed to bring his machine down on one of them.
答案：1.the 2.parties 3.a 4.enjoyments 5.years6.Mexico 7.the 8.thing 9.a 10.fields
