1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞
A、不可數(shù)名詞，初中階段常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(紙) ; time(時(shí)間); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(魚肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)). 不可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
1)前無數(shù)、冠，后無復(fù)數(shù)；作主語為三單.
2)表量用約數(shù)some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短語
eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C]
A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many
There is some_______ on the plate. [B]
A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer
2、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)
A、不規(guī)則變化：
man—men ; woman—women ;child—children
policeman—policemen
Englishman—Englishmen
Frenchman—Frenchmen
foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice
B、規(guī)則變化
1）s; sh; ch; x 結(jié)尾加 es 讀 [iz]
2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 結(jié)尾加 s
eg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz]
3)f (fe) 結(jié)尾則變f(fe)為v加es---讀[vz]
eg. knives [naivz]
4) “輔+y”結(jié)尾變y為i加es 清就清[s]
5)一般加s 濁就濁[z]
eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz]
但注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
?、?potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes
?、?單復(fù)同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese
?、?由man , woman在詞首構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞應(yīng)將兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)
man doctor — men doctors
?、?reef—reefs
⑤ “某國人”的復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變英法變，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans
⑥ people , police 常用單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)概念 The police are looking for the missing boy.
3、名詞所有格：名詞’s (意思是 “……的”)
A.有生命的名詞所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意：
1)表兩者共有則在后者加“’s”
Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父親
Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父親和莉莉的父親.
2)以s結(jié)尾的詞只加“ ’ ”
eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father
3)無生命的名詞所有格用of來引導(dǎo)
eg. the leg of the desk
4)雙重所有格：a friend of my father’s
a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × )
練 習(xí)
一、寫出下列詞的復(fù)數(shù)
1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______
4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________
7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________
10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____
13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________
二、選擇正確的答案
( )1.—Are those ______?
---No, they aren’t. They’re _____.
A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow
C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows
( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____.
A. two orange B. two bottles of orange
C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges
( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know?
A. a very good B. any
C. a piece of D. two pieces
( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s
C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s
( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office.
A. 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk
C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____.
A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan
C. Mr. James D. James Green
( )7.Jack and Tom are ____.
A. good friends B. good friend
C. a good friend D. good a friend
( )8.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post office.
A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minute
( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast.
A. two breads B. two piece of breads
C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads
( )10.Mrs. Green has two ____. They’re very bright.
A. childs B. child C. children’s D. children
( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______.
A. two months holiday B. two months’ holiday
C. two-month holiday D. two month’s holidays
( )12.I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ to do.
A. works B. job C. work D. working
( )13.Li Lei is a friend of ___.
A. I sister B. my sister’s
C. me sister D. my sister of
( )14.Have you read ____?
A. today’s B. today paper
C. the today’s paper D. today’s paper
( )15.How many ___ are there in the room?
A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes
( )16.Many ____ have been built in our city since 1987.
A. factorys B. factories
C. factoryes D. factorys
( )17.There are lots of ___ in the basket on the table .
A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss
( )18.The cat caught two ___ last night.
A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices
( )19.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday afternoon.
A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes
( )20.In our school there are fifty-five ___.
A. women teachers B. woman teachers
C. women teacher D. woman’s teacher
( )21.The three ___ will be put into prison.
A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs’
練習(xí)答案：
一、
1. books 2. buses 3. oranges
4. babies 5. boys 6. our
7. their 8. knives 9. watches
10. sheep 11. teeth 12. leaves
13. Germans 14. Chinese
二、
1——5 ABCBD 6—10 AACCD
11—15 CCBDA 16—21 BCBCAC
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