建立ASP.NET Web服務(wù)步驟(1):創(chuàng)建Web服務(wù)
新建-項(xiàng)目-Web-Asp.net服務(wù)應(yīng)用程序,把HelloWorld給刪除,ReverseString方法,如下:
代碼:
- using System;
- using System.Collections;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Services;
- using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
- using System.Xml.Linq;
- namespace WebService2
- {
- /// < summary>
- /// Service1 的摘要說(shuō)明
- /// < /summary>
- [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
- [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
- [ToolboxItem(false)]
- // 若要允許使用 ASP.NET AJAX 從腳本中調(diào)用此 Web 服務(wù),請(qǐng)取消對(duì)下行的注釋。
- // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
- public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
- {
- [WebMethod]
- public string ReverseString(string message) //新建這個(gè)方法
- {
- char[] arr = message.ToCharArray();
- Array.Reverse(arr);
- message = new string(arr);
- return message;
- }
- }
- }
測(cè)試服務(wù):
點(diǎn)擊方法,輸入abcde,點(diǎn)調(diào)用
測(cè)試結(jié)果:
返回xml,edcba 測(cè)試正確。
建立ASP.NET Web服務(wù)步驟(2):在Windows Forms 中調(diào)用Web服務(wù)
新建Windows Forms 工程,注意上面服務(wù)不要關(guān),干脆雙開(kāi)VS吧,免得出問(wèn)題。項(xiàng)目-添加服務(wù)引用,地址中輸入Web服務(wù)的地址,上例:http://localhost:1241/Service1.asmx,如果Web服務(wù)已經(jīng)發(fā)布,請(qǐng)?zhí)顚?xiě)發(fā)布的地址。
找到服務(wù)后確定:
在Form上加入兩個(gè)TextBox,一個(gè)Button,雙擊Button,編寫(xiě)事件。
代碼:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- namespace WindowsFormsApplication9
- {
- public partial class Form1 : Form
- {
- public Form1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient ws = new ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient();
- textBox2.Text = ws.ReverseString(textBox1.Text);
- }
- }
- }
運(yùn)行結(jié)果:
建立ASP.NET Web服務(wù)步驟(3):異步調(diào)用服務(wù)
由于web服務(wù)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上使用,所以如果網(wǎng)速不好,或服務(wù)器端忙很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的話,那么執(zhí)行調(diào)用的程序?qū)⒆枞?,以至界面卡死,不能相?yīng)。如何在調(diào)用服務(wù)的時(shí)候不阻塞呢?就是采用異步調(diào)用服務(wù)的方式。服務(wù)端不用修改,只修改客戶端就可以了。
首先,在解決方案管理器的Service Reference中,右鍵該引用,點(diǎn)配置服務(wù)引用。如下畫(huà)面:
選中【生成異步操作】,確定。
代碼:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- namespace WindowsFormsApplication9
- {
- public partial class Form1 : Form
- {
- public Form1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- //ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient ws = new ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient();
- //textBox2.Text = ws.ReverseString(textBox1.Text);
- ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient client = new ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient();
- //client.ReverseStringCompleted += new EventHandler< ServiceReference1.ReverseStringCompletedEventArgs>(client_ReverseStringCompleted);
- client.ReverseStringCompleted += client_ReverseStringCompleted; //簡(jiǎn)易寫(xiě)法
- client.ReverseStringAsync(textBox1.Text);
- }
- private void client_ReverseStringCompleted(object sender, ServiceReference1.ReverseStringCompletedEventArgs e)
- {
- textBox2.Text = e.Result;
- }
- }
- }
為了讓測(cè)試更加逼真,可以在服務(wù)器端,加入演示,模擬服務(wù)器或網(wǎng)絡(luò)的延時(shí)。
服務(wù)端代碼:
- using System;
- using System.Collections;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Services;
- using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
- using System.Xml.Linq;
- namespace WebService2
- {
- /// < summary>
- /// Service1 的摘要說(shuō)明
- /// < /summary>
- [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
- [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
- [ToolboxItem(false)]
- // 若要允許使用 ASP.NET AJAX 從腳本中調(diào)用此 Web 服務(wù),請(qǐng)取消對(duì)下行的注釋。
- // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
- public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
- {
- [WebMethod]
- public string ReverseString(string message) //新建這個(gè)方法
- {
- char[] arr = message.ToCharArray();
- Array.Reverse(arr);
- message = new string(arr);
- System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);//為了證明異步的效果特添加延時(shí)
- return message;
- }
- }
- }
運(yùn)行結(jié)果:在等待服務(wù)器返回的時(shí)間內(nèi),界面沒(méi)有卡死,證明異步調(diào)用成功。
建立ASP.NET Web服務(wù)步驟(4):ASP.NET客戶程序
上面是在Windows Forms 里完成的Web服務(wù)調(diào)用,現(xiàn)在用ASP.NET來(lái)調(diào)用相同的服務(wù)。
基本與Windows Forms類似,首先添加Web服務(wù)引用,然后添加代碼如下:
- using System;
- using System.Configuration;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Security;
- using System.Web.UI;
- using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
- using System.Xml.Linq;
- public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
- {
- protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- }
- protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient client = new ServiceReference1.Service1SoapClient();
- TextBox2.Text = client.ReverseString(TextBox1.Text);
- }
- }
運(yùn)行結(jié)果:
建立ASP.NET Web服務(wù)步驟(5):類的傳遞
上面的例子是簡(jiǎn)單是數(shù)據(jù)類型,現(xiàn)在試一下傳遞一個(gè)自定義類。
服務(wù)器端代碼:
- using System;
- using System.Collections;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Services;
- using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
- using System.Xml.Linq;
- namespace WebService2
- {
- public enum TemperatureType
- {
- Fahrenheit,
- Celsius
- }
- public enum TemparatureCondition
- {
- Rainy,
- Sunny,
- Cloudy,
- Thunderstorm
- }
- public class GetWeatherRequest
- {
- public string City;
- public TemperatureType TemperatureType;
- }
- public class GetWeatherResponse
- {
- public TemparatureCondition Condition;
- public int Temperature;
- }
- /// < summary>
- /// Service1 的摘要說(shuō)明
- /// < /summary>
- [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
- [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
- [ToolboxItem(false)]
- // 若要允許使用 ASP.NET AJAX 從腳本中調(diào)用此 Web 服務(wù),請(qǐng)取消對(duì)下行的注釋。
- // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
- public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
- {
- [WebMethod]
- public string ReverseString(string message) //新建這個(gè)方法
- {
- char[] arr = message.ToCharArray();
- Array.Reverse(arr);
- message = new string(arr);
- System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);//為了證明異步的效果特添加延時(shí)
- return message;
- }
- [WebMethod]
- public GetWeatherResponse GetWeather(GetWeatherRequest req)
- {
- GetWeatherResponse resp = new GetWeatherResponse();
- Random r = new Random();
- int celsius = r.Next(-20, 50);
- if (req.TemperatureType == TemperatureType.Celsius)
- resp.Temperature = celsius;
- else
- resp.Temperature = (212 - 32) / 100 * celsius + 32;
- if (req.City == "Redmond")
- resp.Condition = TemparatureCondition.Rainy;
- else
- resp.Condition = (TemparatureCondition)r.Next(0, 3);
- return resp;
- }
- }
- }
客戶端代碼:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using WindowsFormsApplication10.ServiceReference1;//加上,認(rèn)識(shí)一下需要傳遞的參數(shù)類,以及返回的類。
- namespace WindowsFormsApplication10
- {
- public partial class Form1 : Form
- {
- public Form1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void label2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- }
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- GetWeatherRequest req = new GetWeatherRequest();//有了最上面那個(gè)using這下找到這個(gè)類了吧,不然肯定找不到。
- if (radioButton1.Checked)
- {
- req.TemperatureType = TemperatureType.Celsius;
- }
- else
- {
- req.TemperatureType = TemperatureType.Fahrenheit;
- }
- req.City = textBox1.Text;
- Service1SoapClient client = new Service1SoapClient();
- GetWeatherResponse resp = client.GetWeather(req);
- textBox2.Text = resp.Condition.ToString();
- textBox3.Text = resp.Temperature.ToString();
- }
- }
- }
運(yùn)行結(jié)果:
聯(lián)系客服