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嬰幼兒期智力發(fā)育水平對(duì)照表嬰1月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：拉著手腕可以坐起，頭可豎直片刻（2秒）精細(xì)動(dòng)作：觸碰手掌，他會(huì)緊握拳頭適應(yīng)能力：眼球會(huì)跟紅球過(guò)中線（稍有移動(dòng)即可）、聽(tīng)到聲音有反應(yīng)語(yǔ)言：自己會(huì)發(fā)出細(xì)小聲音社交行為：眼睛跟蹤走動(dòng)的人嬰2月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：拉著手腕可以坐起、頭可豎直短時(shí)（5秒）精細(xì)動(dòng)作：俯臥時(shí)頭可抬離床面、撥浪鼓在手中留握片刻適應(yīng)能力：立刻注意大玩具語(yǔ)言：能發(fā)出a、o、e等元音社交行為：逗引時(shí)有反應(yīng)嬰3月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：俯臥時(shí)可抬頭45度、抱直時(shí)頭穩(wěn)精細(xì)動(dòng)作：兩手可握在一起、撥浪鼓在手中留握0.5秒適應(yīng)能力：眼睛跟紅球可轉(zhuǎn)180度語(yǔ)言：笑出聲社交行為：模樣靈敏、見(jiàn)人會(huì)笑嬰4月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：俯臥時(shí)可抬頭90度、扶腋可站片刻精細(xì)動(dòng)作：搖動(dòng)并注視撥浪鼓適應(yīng)能力：偶然注意小丸、找到聲源語(yǔ)言：高聲叫、咿呀作聲社交行為：認(rèn)親人嬰5月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：輕拉腕部即可坐起、獨(dú)坐頭身向前傾精細(xì)動(dòng)作：抓住近處玩具適應(yīng)能力：拿住一積木注視另一積木語(yǔ)言：對(duì)人及物發(fā)聲社交行為：見(jiàn)食物興奮嬰6月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：俯臥翻身精細(xì)動(dòng)作：會(huì)撕紙、把弄到桌上一積木適應(yīng)能力：兩手同時(shí)拿住兩塊積木、玩具失落會(huì)找語(yǔ)言：叫名字轉(zhuǎn)頭社交行為：自喂餅干、如會(huì)找躲貓貓（手絹擋臉）的人的臉嬰7月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：獨(dú)坐自如精細(xì)動(dòng)作：把弄小丸（直徑約0.5公分）、自己取一積木，再取另一塊適應(yīng)能力：積木換手、伸手夠遠(yuǎn)處玩具語(yǔ)言：發(fā)da-da、ma-ma無(wú)所指社交行為：對(duì)鏡有游戲反映、能分辨出生人嬰8月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：雙手扶物可站立精細(xì)動(dòng)作：拇指、無(wú)名指捏住小丸（直徑：0.5cm）；手中拿兩個(gè)積木，并試圖取第三塊積木（正方形，邊長(zhǎng)2cm）適應(yīng)能力：持續(xù)用手追逐玩具、有意識(shí)的搖鈴語(yǔ)言：模仿聲音社交行為：懂得成人面部表情嬰9月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：會(huì)爬、拉雙手會(huì)走精細(xì)動(dòng)作：拇指、食指捏住小丸適應(yīng)能力：從杯中取出積木（正方形，邊長(zhǎng)2cm）、積木對(duì)敲語(yǔ)言：會(huì)歡迎、再見(jiàn)（手勢(shì)）社交行為：表示不要嬰10月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：會(huì)拉住欄桿站起身、扶住欄桿可以走精細(xì)動(dòng)作：拇指、食指動(dòng)作熟練適應(yīng)能力：拿掉扣住積木的杯子，并玩積木；找盒內(nèi)的東西語(yǔ)言：模仿發(fā)語(yǔ)聲社交行為：懂得常見(jiàn)物及名稱、會(huì)表示嬰11月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：扶物、蹲下取物；獨(dú)站片刻精細(xì)動(dòng)作：打開(kāi)包積木的紙適應(yīng)能力：積木放入杯中；模仿推玩具小車語(yǔ)言：有意識(shí)的發(fā)一個(gè)字音社交行為：懂得“不”；模仿拍娃娃嬰12月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：獨(dú)自站立穩(wěn)；牽一只手可以走精細(xì)動(dòng)作：試把小丸投入小瓶適應(yīng)能力：蓋瓶蓋；語(yǔ)言：叫媽媽、爸爸有所指；向他/她要東西知道給社交行為：穿衣知配合幼兒期智力發(fā)育水平對(duì)照表15月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：獨(dú)走自如精細(xì)動(dòng)作：自發(fā)亂畫(huà)、從瓶中拿到小丸（不能提示“倒出”）適應(yīng)能力：翻書(shū)兩次、蓋上圓盒語(yǔ)言：會(huì)聽(tīng)指示指出眼耳鼻口手（5個(gè)指出3個(gè)即可）、說(shuō)3-5個(gè)字（知道意思，“爸媽”除外）社交行為：會(huì)脫襪子（脫下而非拉下）18月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：扔球無(wú)方向精細(xì)動(dòng)作：模仿畫(huà)道道適應(yīng)能力：積木搭高四塊、將圓形積木放入圓形空格（圓型板正面對(duì)他）語(yǔ)言：懂得三個(gè)投向（站三個(gè)不同方向，向他要東西）、說(shuō)出10個(gè)字（知道意思，“爸媽”除外）社交行為：白天會(huì)控制大小便21月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：會(huì)腳尖走、扶墻上樓精細(xì)動(dòng)作：玻璃絲穿過(guò)扣眼適應(yīng)能力：積木搭高7-8塊、將圓形積木放入圓形空格（圓型板平面轉(zhuǎn)180）語(yǔ)言：回答簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題、說(shuō)3-5個(gè)字的句子社交行為：開(kāi)口表示個(gè)人需要24月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：雙足跳離地面精細(xì)動(dòng)作：玻璃絲穿過(guò)扣眼并拉住線適應(yīng)能力：一頁(yè)頁(yè)翻書(shū)；將圓、方、三角放入準(zhǔn)確放入相同形狀的空格語(yǔ)言：說(shuō)兩句以上兒歌、會(huì)問(wèn)：“這是什么？”社交行為：會(huì)說(shuō)常見(jiàn)物的用途27月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：獨(dú)自上樓、獨(dú)自下樓精細(xì)動(dòng)作：模仿畫(huà)豎道適應(yīng)能力：認(rèn)識(shí)大??；型板隨意放置，仍能將圓、方、三角放入準(zhǔn)確放入相同形狀的空格語(yǔ)言：會(huì)說(shuō)8-10個(gè)字的句子社交行為：會(huì)脫單衣或褲子、開(kāi)始有是非觀念30月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：獨(dú)腳站2秒精細(xì)動(dòng)作：模仿用積木搭橋、穿扣子3-5個(gè)適應(yīng)能力：知道1與許多的區(qū)別、知道紅色語(yǔ)言：看圖說(shuō)出物體的名稱10個(gè)社交行為：用兩個(gè)杯子來(lái)回倒水不灑33月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：會(huì)立定跳遠(yuǎn)精細(xì)動(dòng)作：模仿畫(huà)圓適應(yīng)能力：懂得“里”、“外”；積木搭高10塊語(yǔ)言：說(shuō)出人物性別；連續(xù)執(zhí)行三個(gè)命令（擦桌、搖鈴、搬凳）社交行為：會(huì)穿鞋、會(huì)解扣子36月大運(yùn)動(dòng)：兩腳交替跳精細(xì)動(dòng)作：折紙邊角整齊（長(zhǎng)方形）、模仿畫(huà)十字適應(yīng)能力：認(rèn)識(shí)兩種顏色、懂得“2”語(yǔ)言：懂得“冷了”、“累了”、“餓了”；看圖說(shuō)出物體名稱14樣社交行為：會(huì)扣扣子Milestone chart: 0 to 36 monthsChild‘s AgeMastered Skills (most kids can do)Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)1 month •Lifts head when lying on tummy•Responds to sound•Stares at faces • Follows objects briefly with eyes• Vocalizes: oohs and aahs• Cansee black-and-white patterns •Smiles, laughs• Holds head at 45-degree angle2 months • Vocalizes: gurgles and coos• Follows objects across field of vision• Notices his hands•Holds head up for short periods •Smiles, laughs• Holds head at 45-degree angle• Makes smoother movements •Holds head steady• Can bear weight on legs• Lifts head and shoulders when lying on tummy(mini-pushup)3 months •Recognizes your face and scent•Holds head steady• Visually tracks moving objects • Squeals, gurgles, coos• Blows bubbles• Recognizes your voice• Doesmini-pushup •Rolls over, from tummy to back• Turns toward loud sounds• Can bring hands together, bats at toys4 months •Smiles, laughs• Can bear weight on legs• Coos when you talk to him • Cangrasp a toy•Rolls over, from tummy to back •Imitates sounds: "baba," "dada"•Cuts first tooth• May be ready forsolid foods5 months •Distinguishes between bold colors• Plays with his hands and feet • Recognizes own name•Turns toward new sounds•Rolls over in both directions • Sits momentarily without support• Mouths objects•Separation anxiety may begin6 months • Turns toward sounds and voices•Imitates sounds•Rolls over in both directions •Is ready for solid foods• Sits without support• Mouths objects• Passes objectsfrom hand to hand • Lunges forward orstarts crawling•Jabbers or combines syllables•Drags objects toward himselfChild‘s AgeMastered Skills (most kids can do)Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)7 months •Sits without support•Drags objects toward herself• Lunges forward orstarts crawling•Jabbers or combines syllables• Starts to experiencestranger anxiety • Waves goodbye•Stands while holding onto something• Bangs objects together• Begins to understandobject permanence8 months • Says "mama" and "dada" to both parents (isn‘t specific)• Passes objectsfrom hand to hand •Stands while holding onto something•Crawls• Points at objects• Searches forhidden objects • Pulls self to standing,cruises• Picks things up with thumb-fingerpincer grasp• Indicates wants with gestures9 months •Stands while holding onto something•Jabbers or combines syllables• Understandsobject permanence •Cruises while holding onto furniture• Drinks from asippy cup•Eats with fingers• Bangs objects together • Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo• Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent10 months • Waves goodbye• Picks things up withpincer grasp•Crawls well, with belly off the ground • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent• Indicates wants with gestures •Stands alone for a couple of seconds• Puts objects into a container11 months • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent• Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo•Stands alone for a couple of seconds•Cruises • and simple instructions

• Puts objects into a container • Says oneword besides "mama" and "dada"• Stoops from standing position12 months •Imitates others‘ activities• Indicates wants with gestures • Takes a few steps• Says oneword besides "mama" and "dada"•Walks alone•Scribbles with a crayon• Says twowords besides "mama" and "dada"Child‘s AgeMastered Skills (most kids can do)Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)13 months • Uses twowords skillfully (e.g., "hi" and "bye")•Bends over and picks up an object • Enjoys gazing at his reflection• Holds out arm or leg tohelp you dress him • Combines words and gestures to make needs known• Rolls a ball back and forth14 months •Eats with fingers• Empties containers of contents•Imitates others •Toddles well• Initiates games• Points to one body part when asked• Responds to instructions (e.g., "give me a kiss") • Uses aspoon or fork• Matches lids with appropriate containers•Pushes and pulls toys while walking15 months • Plays with ball• Uses threewords regularly•Walks backward •Scribbles with a crayon• Runs• Adopts "no" as his favorite word • around the house

• Puts his fingers to his mouth and says "shhh"

16 months • Turns the pages of abook• Hastemper tantrums when frustrated• Becomes attached to a soft toy or other object • Discovers the joy ofclimbing• Stacks three blocks• Usesspoon or fork• Learns the correct way to use common objects (e.g., the telephone) •Takes off one piece of clothing by himself• Getsfinicky about food• Switches fromtwo naps to one17 months • Uses sixwords regularly• Enjoyspretend games• Likes riding toys •Feeds doll•Speaks more clearly•Throws a ball underhand • Dances tomusic• Sorts toys by color, shape, or size•Kicks ball forward18 months • Will on his own

•Scribbles well • Strings two words together inphrases•Brushes teeth with help• Stacks four blocks •Throws a ball overhand• Takes toys apart and puts them back together• Shows signs oftoilet training readinessChild‘s AgeMastered Skills (most kids can do)Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)19 months • Uses aspoon and fork• Runs•Throws a ball underhand• Enjoys helping around the house • Understands as many as200 words• Recognizes when something is wrong (e.g., calling a dog a cat) •Washes and dries own hands with help• Points to picture or object when you call it by name• May knowwhen she needs to pee20 months •Feeds doll•Takes off own clothes• Dumps an object in imitation, such as throwing garbage away •Learns words at a rate of ten or more a day• Canwalk up stairs (but probably not down)• May startexploring genitals•Draws a straight line• Names several body parts21 months • Canwalk up stairs• Able to set simple goals (e.g., deciding to put a toy in a certain place) •Throws a ball overhand•Kicks ball forward• Stacks six blocks • Names simple picture in a book• Canwalk down stairs22 months •Kicks ball forward• Followstwo-step requests (e.g., "Get your doll and bring it here") • Does simple puzzles•Draws a straight line• Names several body parts •Puts on loose-fitting clothes• Might be ready for abig bed• Understands opposites (e.g., tall vs. short)23 months • Names simple picture in a book• Uses50 to 70 words • Opens doors•Sings simple tunes• Takes more of an interest inplaying with other kids • Talks about self (likes, dislikes)• Asks

24 months • Names at least six body parts• Half of speech is understandable• Makestwo- to three-word sentences • Talks about self• Arranges things in categories• Canwalk down stairs • Begins to understand abstract concepts (e.g., sooner and later)• Becomes attuned to gender differences• Learns tojumpChild‘s AgeMastered Skills (most kids can do)Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)25 and 26 months • Stacks six blocks•Walks with smooth heel-to-toe motion •Uses pronouns (e.g., I, me, you)•Washes and dries own hands •Speaks clearly most of the time•Draws a vertical line27 and 28 months •Jumps with both feet• Opens doors •Understands descriptions (e.g., big, soft)•Draws a vertical line • Starts to recognizeABCs•Balances on one foot29 and 30 months •Brushes teeth with help•Washes and dries own hands•Draws a vertical line •Draws a circle•Balances on one foot •Puts on a T-shirt•Names one color• Names one friendChild‘s AgeMastered Skills (most kids can do)Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)31 and 32 months • Recites own name•Draws a circle •Puts on a T-shirt•Balances on each foot for a second• RecognizesABCs•Brushes teeth by herself • Uses two adjectives•Draws a cross• Points to objects described by use33 and 34 months •Names one color• Names one friend• Carries on a simple conversation• Alternates feet going up and down stairs• Uses prepositions (e.g., on, in, over)•Speaks clearly most of the time (75 percent can be understood)• Stacks eight blocks • Istoilet trained during the day• Wiggles thumb• Expresses a wide range of emotions•Draws a stick figure35 and 36 months • Describes how two objects are used• Uses three to fourwords in a sentence• Names two actions (e.g., skipping, jumping) • Hops and skips• Follows a two- or three-part command•Separates fairly easily from parents• Rides a tricycle •Balances on each foot for three seconds•Gets dressed without help